《数字测图》课件-4.1.2内业成图及软件认识

数字测图DigitalMappingInternalIndustryMappingandSoftwareUnderstanding内业成图及软件认识随着计算机技术，数字制图技术的迅猛发展，以及先进数字化测量仪器和技术的广泛应用，数字化测图技术应运而生。与传统测绘方法相比，它具有高自动化、全数字、高精度等显著优势。Withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputertechnologyanddigitalmappingtechnology,aswellasthewidespreadapplicationofadvanceddigitalmeasurementinstrumentsandtechnologies,digitalmappingtechnologywasborn.Comparedwithtraditionalsurveyingmethods,ithassignificantadvantagessuchashighautomation,fulldigitization,andhighprecision.内业成图及软件认识InternalIndustryMappingandSoftwareUnderstandingBeijingShanzhi'sEPSSystem北京山维的EPS系统SouthChina'sCASSSystem南方数码的CASS系统WuhanZhongdi'sMAPGIS武汉中地的MAPGIS广州思科的SCS系统GuangzhouCisco'sSCSSystem内业成图及软件认识InternalIndustryMappingandSoftwareUnderstanding

CASS系统是广东南方数码科技有限公司基于CAD平台开发的一套集地形、地籍、空间数据建库、工程应用、土石方算量等功能为一体的软件系统。TheCASSsystemisasoftwaresystemdevelopedbyGuangdongSouthernDigitalTechnologyCo.Ltd.basedontheCADplatform,whichintegratesterrain,landregistry,spatialdatalibrary,engineeringapplication,earthworkcalculation,andotherfunctions.南方CASS软件的基本情况BasicSituationoftheSouthCASSSoftware

CASS广泛应用于地形成图、地籍成图、工程测量应用、空间数据建库、市政监管等领域，且全面面向GIS，彻底打通数字化成图系统与GIS的接口。CASSiswidelyusedinterrainmapping,landregistrymapping,engineeringsurveyingapplications,spatialdatalibraryconstruction,municipalsupervision,andotherfields,andisfullyorientedtoGIS,completelyopentheinterfacebetweenthedigitalmappingsystemandGIS.南方CASS软件的基本情况BasicSituationoftheSouthCASSSoftware操作简单，功能丰富EasyOperation,RichFunctionality南方CASS软件的特点CharacteristicsoftheSouthCASSSoftware具备批处理功能BatchProcessingCapability具备图形的检查、查询及统计功能Check,Query,andStatisticalFunctionsforGraphics支持输入输出多种数据文件格式SupportforMultipleDataFileFormatsforInputandOutput更加方便使用的属性面板PropertyPanelforMoreConvenientUse菜单栏功能面板图层面板工具条绘图区域屏幕菜单命令栏状态栏南方CASS软件的界面InterfaceoftheSouthCASSSoftwareMenubarFunctionalpanelLayerpanelToolbarDrawingareaScreenmenuCommandbarStatusbarFileMenu文件菜单用于实现CASS的绘图参数设置及文件的相关操作，如系统配置、文件新建、保存、打印、图形清理和修复等。ForCASStosetdrawingparametersandperformrelatedoperationssuchassystemconfiguration,newfilecreation,saving,printing,graphiccleaningandrepair.ToolMenu工具菜单用于实现CAD常规功能实现，如对象捕捉、简单几何图形绘制、图块处理、光栅图像校正、文字处理等。ForCADtoachievebasicfunctions,suchasobjectcapture,simplegeometricfiguredrawing,blockprocessing,rasterimagecorrection,textprocessing.EditMenu编辑菜单用于实现CAD常规编辑功能实现，如图层操作、删除、修剪、偏移复制等。ForCADtoachievebasiceditingfunctions,suchaslayeroperations,deletion,trimming,offsetcopying.DisplayMenu显示菜单用于实现CASS环境下图像显示的相关操作，如图层顺序、视点设置、窗口布置等。ForCASStoperformrelatedoperationsonimagedisplay,suchaslayersequence,viewsettings,windowlayout.DataMenu数据菜单用于实现CASS环境下测量数据处理的相关操作，如：要素编码处理、交换文件的处理、坐标数据的输入及输出、坐标格式转换、坐标换带、处理批量修改等。ForCASStoperformmeasurementdataprocessing,suchaselementcodingprocessing,fileprocessing,inputandoutputofcoordinatedata,coordinateformatconversion,coordinateconversion,processingofbatchmodifications.用于专门实现地籍、土地利用类图件的生成和处理功能。Specificallyforthegenerationandprocessingoflandregistryandlandusetypegraphicsheets.“地籍”菜单“土地利用”菜单"LandRegistry"and"LandUse"menus专门用于实现等高线处理的相关功能，包括DTM生成与处理；等高线的绘制、内插、修剪、注记及删除；三维模型生成、坡度图生成等功能。Specificallyforcontourprocessing,includingDTMgenerationandprocessing;contourdrawing,interpolation,trimming,annotationanddeletion;3Dmodelgeneration,slopemapgenerationandotherfunctions.等高线菜单ContourMenu用于实现地形图中地物的各种绘制与编辑处理功能，如线型换向、植被填充、复合线处理、测站改正、屋檐改正、局部存盘等。Forterrainmapstorealizevariousdrawingandeditingfunctionsofterrainfeatures,suchaslinetypereversal,vegetationfilling,compoundlineprocessing,measurementstationcorrection,eavescorrection,localstorage.地物编辑菜单EditingofTerrainFeaturesMenu用于实现数字地形图中各要素的错误检查及各种常用空间建库图形格式转换等功能。Fordigitalterrainmapstocheckforerrorsinvariouselementsandconvertvariouscommonspatialdatabasegraphicformats.检查入库菜单Check-inMenu用于实现地形图上各空间要素的查询、工程要素设计和工程量计算，以及数据文件的生成等功能。Forterrainmapstoqueryvariousspatialelements,designengineeringelements,calculateengineeringquantities,generatedatafiles,andotherfunctions.工程应用菜单EngineeringApplicationsMenu

为保证成图的效率、规范及完整性，除了对测绘的相关规范有一定程度的了解外，还要能够熟练使用CASS的相关功能，比如，要能够较为熟练地使用CASS的快捷键，常用快捷键如图所示。Inordertoensuretheefficiency,standardization,andintegrityofmapping,inadditiontohavingacertainunderstandingofsurveyingandmappingregulations,itisalsonecessarytobeabletouseCASS-relatedfunctionsproficiently.Forexample,itisnecessarytobeabletouseCASSkeyboardshortcutsproficiently,commonlyusedkeyboardshortcutsasshowninthefigure.南方CASS软件的相关功能RelatedFunctionsoftheSouthCASSSoftware

有些时候，我们还希望能够修改或添加额外的快捷键，可以通过“文件”菜单下的“CASS快捷键配置”功能来实现，当然，也可以在CASS安装目录下直接打开“Acad.pgp”文件直接进行编辑。Insomecases,wemayalsowanttomodifyoraddadditionalkeyboardshortcuts.Thiscanbeachievedthroughthe"CASSKeyboardShortcutConfiguration"functionunderthe"File"menu.Ofcourse,itcanalsobeopenedandediteddirectlybyaccessingthe"Acad.pgp"fileintheCASSinstallationdirectory.南方CASS软件的相关功能RelatedFunctionsoftheSouthCASSSoftware南方CASS软件的相关功能RelatedFunctionsoftheSouthCASSSoftware

此外，在开始数地形图绘制之前，还应该对CASS的系统参数进行预先配置，这样，后续所绘制的图形将会以配置的格式进行显示，有效提高图形的规范性。Inaddition,beforestartingtodrawterrainmapswithCASS,thesystemparametersofCASSshouldbepre-configured.Thisway,thegraphicsdrawnlaterwillbedisplayedintheconfiguredformat,effectivelyimprovingthestandardizationofgraphics.南方CASS软件的相关功能RelatedFunctionsoftheSouthCASSSoftware

如图所示，可以预先在“地物绘制”面板下，设置高程注记、斜坡、围墙、符号填充间隔、文字高度及字体等相关参数。Asshowninthefigure,wecansetparameterssuchaselevationannotations,slopes,fences,symbolfillintervals,textheights,andfontsinthe"Draw