全国翻译资格全科能力进阶测试卷（含答案）

全国翻译资格全科能力进阶测试卷（含答案）【测试说明】本测试卷对应全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试（CATTI）二级难度进阶要求，覆盖笔译、口译全科核心考点，总分400分（笔译科目200分、口译科目200分），单科60分合格，测试总时长390分钟：其中笔译综合能力120分钟，笔译实务180分钟，口译综合能力60分钟，口译实务30分钟。所有术语均参考官方发布的《外事翻译参考词汇》《中国关键词》系列规范，评分标准与官方考试完全对齐。第一部分笔译综合能力测试（满分100分）Section1词汇与语法（共20题，每题1分，共20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最符合题干语境的答案。1.Thetranslatoroptedfor______toadapttheoriginalChinesefolktaletothetargetculturalcontextofEuropeanreaders,replacingallregion-specificallusionstoancientChinesemythswithlocallyfamiliarWesternfolklorereferences.A.foreignizationB.domesticationC.literaltranslationD.semantictranslation2.Hadthecross-bordere-commercetranslationteam______theofficialterminologyguideforforeigntradereleasedbytheGeneralAdministrationofCustoms,theproductintroductionwouldnothavecontainedsuchacriticalcomplianceerror.A.followedB.followC.havefollowedD.hadfollowed3.Thetranslationofdiplomaticdocumentsrequiresstrictconsistencywithestablishedofficialexpressions,andanyarbitrary______ofcoreterminologywillbedeemedaseriousworkerror.A.adaptationB.adoptionC.alterationD.admiration4.Thereportpointedoutthatneuralmachinetranslationhasreducedthetimecostofgeneraltexttranslationby85%,butitsperformancein______textssuchaslegalrulingsandpatentdocumentsisstillfarbelowthelevelofprofessionaltranslators.A.normativeB.normalC.nominalD.notable5.Manyyoungtranslatorsstilllacksufficientsensitivityto______differencesbetweenChineseandEnglish,leadingtofrequentChinglishexpressionsintheiroutput.A.rhetoricB.logicalC.syntacticD.cultural6.Bytheendof2023,thenationaltranslationtalentdatabase______morethan12,000certifiedtranslatorsspecializingin47minorlanguages.A.hasincludedB.hadincludedC.includedD.includes7.Thetranslator’sworkinvolvesnotonlylanguageconversion,______thetransmissionofculturalconnotationsandvaluepositionsbehindthetext.A.butalsoB.butC.andalsoD.and8.______fromtheperspectiveoftranslationethics,theintentionaldeletionofcontentthatreflectsthecorevaluesoftheoriginaltextviolatesthebasicprofessionalcodeoftranslators.A.JudgedB.JudgingC.TojudgeD.Beingjudged9.Theofficialtranslationoftheterm“中国式现代化”is______.A.Chinese-stylemodernizationB.China-stylemodernizationC.ChinesecharacteristicmodernizationD.China’smodernization10.Thecompanyrequiresthatalltranslationmanuscripts______double-checkedbyaseniortranslatorbeforesubmission.A.areB.wereC.beD.tobe11.ThetranslationoftraditionalChinesemedicineterminologyneedstobalanceaccuracyandreadability,______simplytransliteratingalltermswillincreasethedifficultyforforeignreaderstounderstand.A.whileB.asC.ifD.although12.Thecore______ofthenewtranslationguideistostandardizetheexpressionofChina-relatedconceptsinforeignpublicity,avoidingmisinterpretationcausedbyimpropertranslation.A.objectiveB.objectionC.obligationD.observation13.______thelargedemandformultilingualtranslationservicesininternationalevents,manyuniversitieshaveaddedminorlanguagetranslationmajorsinrecentyears.A.InresponsetoB.IncontrasttoC.InfavorofD.Inplaceof14.Thetranslatedversionoftheancientpoetrycollectionwontheinternationaltranslationaward,______thetranslator’sin-depthunderstandingofbothChineseandWesternliterarytraditions.A.reflectingB.reflectedC.toreflectD.havingreflected15.Whichofthefollowingisthestandardtranslationof“绿水青山就是金山银山”?A.Clearwatersandgreenmountainsareasgoodasgoldandsilvermountains.B.Lucidwatersandlushmountainsareinvaluableassets.C.Greenmountainsandclearriversaregoldmountainsandsilvermountains.D.Greenwatersandgreenmountainsaregoldandsilvermines.16.Thetranslationteamspentthreemonths______the100,000-wordtechnicalmanual,ensuringthatallprofessionaltermsareconsistentwithindustrystandards.A.polishingB.publishingC.purchasingD.positioning17.Itisessentialfortranslators______thelatestupdatesintheterminologyoftheirprofessionalfieldstoavoidtranslationdeviationscausedbyoutdatedknowledge.A.totrackB.trackingC.trackedD.track18.Thedifferencebetweenthetwotranslationsof*DreamoftheRedChamber*liesintheirtranslationstrategies:theYangXianyicouple’sversionfocusesonretainingtheoriginalculturalcharacteristics,______DavidHawkes’versionpaysmoreattentiontothereadingexperienceofWesternreaders.A.whereasB.sinceC.unlessD.so19.Thenewlylaunchedtranslationqualityevaluationsystemwill______7dimensionsincludingaccuracy,fluency,andculturalappropriatenesstoscoremanuscripts.A.applyB.adaptC.adoptD.adjust20.Noneofthetranslationmanuscriptssubmittedthisweekmeetthepublishingrequirements,______?A.dotheyB.don’ttheyC.aretheyD.aren’ttheySection2错误识别（共10题，每题2分，共20分）下列句子划线部分有A、B、C、D四处，选出存在错误的一项。21.Thetranslationoflegaldocumentsrequiresnotonlylinguisticproficiency(A)butalsofamiliarwith(B)thelegalsystemsofboththesourceandtargetlanguagecountries,otherwise(C)itiseasytoappearsemanticdeviations(D).22.Thetrainingcourseaimsat(A)improvingthetranslationabilityofyoungtranslatorsforforeignpublicitytexts,covers(B)coremodulessuchasofficialterminologystandardization,cross-culturalcommunication(C),andpublicopinionresponse(D).23.Comparedto(A)traditionalmanualtranslation,machinetranslationhasobviousadvantages(B)inprocessinglarge-scalegeneraltexts,butitstillcannotreplacehumantranslatorsintermsof(C)emotionalexpressionandvaluejudgment(D).24.Thetranslatorwascriticizedfor(A)unilaterallymodifyingthecontentoftheoriginalspeech,which(B)notonlydistortedthespeaker’sintentionbutalso(C)causedunnecessarymisunderstand(D)amongtheaudience.25.Alltranslatorsparticipatingintheinternationalconferencearerequired(A)tosignaconfidentialityagreement,ensuringthat(B)thecontentofthemeetingwillnotdisclose(C)toanythirdpartywithoutpermission(D).26.Thestandardtranslationof“乡村振兴战略”(A)is“RuralRevitalizationStrategy(B)”,whichhasbeenwidelyused(C)inofficialdocumentssince2017(D).27.Theresearchteamfoundthatthequality(A)ofmachinetranslationoutputare(B)closelyrelatedtothesizeandprofessionalism(C)ofthetrainingcorpus(D).28.After(A)threeroundsofrevision,thetranslatedversionoftheChinesemedicineclassicwasfinally(B)publishedoverseas,received(C)highpraisefromglobaltraditionalmedicineresearchers(D).29.Thetranslationofintangibleculturalheritagetermsneeds(A)toretaintheuniqueculturalconnotationoftheoriginaltextasmuchaspossible(B),insteadof(C)simplyconvertingitintothecorrespondingWesternconcept(D).30.Asanewtranslator(A),youshouldpaymoreattentiontoaccumulatingprofessionalterminology(B)andlearningtranslationskills(C),ratherthanblindlypursuingtranslatespeed(D).Section3完形填空（共15题，每题2分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最适合填入空白处的答案。China’s典籍外译(translationofChineseclassics)hasahistoryofmorethan400years.AsearlyasthelateMingDynasty,ItalianmissionaryMatteoRicci31theFourBooksintoLatin,whichwasthefirstsystematicintroductionofConfucianclassicstoEuropeansociety.Inthe20thcentury,alargenumberofoutstandingtranslatorsrepresentedbyYangXianyiandDaiNaidie32alargenumberofChineseliteraryandculturalclassicstotheworld,33animportantbridgeforculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandtheWest.Inrecentyears,withthecontinuousimprovementofChina’sinternational34,thedemandfortranslationofChinesecontemporaryculturalworkshasincreasedsignificantly.The“GreatChinaLibrary”project35in1994hasnowpublishedmorethan1,000translatedworks,coveringliterature,history,philosophy,scienceandother36.Atthesametime,moreandmoreyoungtranslatorshave37thefieldofChineseculturetranslation,usingnewcommunicationmethodssuchasshortvideosto38Chineseculturetooverseasaudiences.However,therearestillmany39inthetranslationanddisseminationofChineseculture.Ontheonehand,thetranslationofmanyculturaltermslacksunifiedstandards,leadingto40amongforeignreaders.Ontheotherhand,manytranslationworksstill41thetraditional“literaltranslation”thinking,ignoringthereadinghabitsandculturalbackgroundoftargetaudiences,resultinginlow42oftheworks.IndustryinsiderspointedoutthattoimprovethequalityofChineseculturetranslation,translatorsneedtohave43languageskillsandcross-culturalawareness,butalsoneedtohaveadeepunderstandingofthecoreconnotationofChineseculture.Atthesametime,thegovernmentshouldalso44moresupportforculturaltranslationprojects,45theconstructionofaunifiedterminologydatabaseforChineseculturetranslation.31.A.translatedB.transformsC.transfersD.transmits32.A.introducedB.producedC.createdD.invented33.A.buildingB.builtC.tobuildD.havingbuilt34.A.positionB.influenceC.statusD.power35.A.launchedB.operatedC.runD.started36.A.fieldsB.rangesC.areasD.scopes37.A.joinedB.enteredC.participatedD.took38.A.spreadB.expandC.extendD.stretch39.A.challengesB.opportunitiesC.advantagesD.benefits40.A.confusionB.confusionC.misunderstandingD.comprehension41.A.sticktoB.insistonC.persistinD.adhereto42.A.acceptanceB.receptionC.receptionD.recognition43.A.solidB.strongC.hardD.firm44.A.provideB.supplyC.offerD.afford45.A.promoteB.improveC.enhanceD.advanceSection4阅读理解（共15题，每题2分，共30分）Passage1Translationethicsreferstothecodeofconductthattranslatorsshouldfollowinthetranslationprocess.Itscorecontentincludesrespectfortheoriginaltext,respectforthetargetaudience,andmaintenanceofculturaldiversity.Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofglobalculturalexchanges,theissueoftranslationethicshasreceivedmoreandmoreattention.Manytranslatorsbelievethatinthetranslationofforeignpublicitytexts,translatorsshouldnotonlyaccuratelyconveythecontentoftheoriginaltext,butalsoavoidcreatingculturalconflictsduetoimpropertranslation.Forexample,whentranslatingtermsrelatedtoChina’scoreinterests,translatorsshoulduseofficialstandardexpressionstoavoidmisinterpretationbyforeignaudiences.Inaddition,translationethicsalsorequirestranslatorstorefusetotranslatecontentthatviolatesnationalinterestsandculturalvalues.Forexample,translatorsshouldrefusetotranslatetextsthatcontainracist,discriminatoryordefamatorycontent,andshouldtaketheinitiativetocorrectwrongexpressionsthatdistortChina’simage.46.Whatisthecorecontentoftranslationethics?A.Respectfortheoriginaltext,respectforthetargetaudience,andmaintenanceofculturaldiversityB.Accuratetranslation,fastspeed,andlowcostC.RetainallthecontentoftheoriginaltextwithoutanymodificationD.Catertothereadinghabitsoftargetaudiencesasmuchaspossible47.WhatshouldtranslatorsdowhentranslatingtermsrelatedtoChina’scoreinterests?A.UsethemostpopularexpressionamongforeignaudiencesB.UseofficialstandardexpressionsC.TranslatefreelyaccordingtothecontextD.Usetransliterationtoavoidmisunderstanding48.Whichofthefollowingcontentshouldtranslatorsrefusetotranslate?A.TextsintroducingChinesetraditionalcultureB.TextscontainingracistcontentC.TextscriticizingtheshortcomingsofsocialgovernanceD.Textsintroducingforeignadvancedtechnology49.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Theimportanceoftranslationethicsincross-culturalexchangesB.ThedevelopmenthistoryoftranslationethicsC.ThedifferencesbetweentranslationethicsandgeneralprofessionalethicsD.Thechallengesfacedbytranslatorsinthenewera50.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.TranslatorscanmodifythecontentoftheoriginaltextatwilltocatertothetargetaudienceB.TranslationethicsonlyappliestotranslatorsengagedinforeignpublicitytranslationC.ImpropertranslationmaycauseculturalconflictsD.Translationethicshasnobindingforceontranslators（剩余两篇阅读理解及题目略，核心考点为机器翻译应用边界、《红楼梦》英译本策略对比）第二部分笔译实务测试（满分100分）Section1英译汉（40分）TranslatethefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese,requiringaccuratemeaning,smoothexpression,andcompliancewithofficialtextnorms.Passage1(20分)Culturaldiversityisasnecessaryforhumankindasbiodiversityisfornature.Inthissense,itisthecommonheritageofhumanityandshouldberecognizedandaffirmedforthebenefitofpresentandfuturegenerations.Theprotectionandpromotionofculturaldiversityareanessentialrequirementforsustainabledevelopment,alongsiderespectforhumandignity,humanrightsandfundamentalfreedoms.Stateshavetheprimaryresponsibilitytoprotectandpromoteculturaldiversity,andshouldworktogetherwithcivilsocietyandtheprivatesectortocreateanenablingenvironmentforculturalexchangeandinnovation.Passage2(20分)China’snewenergyvehicleindustryhasmaintainedrapidgrowthfor8consecutiveyears,withproductionandsalesrankingfirstintheworldfor9consecutiveyears.In2023,theexportvolumeofnewenergyvehiclesreached1.2millionunits,ayear-on-yearincreaseof72%.IndustryanalystspointedoutthatChina’snewenergyvehicleindustryhasobviousadvantagesinthecompleteindustrialchain,lowcostandstrongtechnologicalinnovationcapability,whichwillcontinuetodrivetheglobaltransformationoftheautomotiveindustrytolow-carbon.Section2汉译英（40分）TranslatethefollowingtwopassagesintoEnglish,requiringaccurateterminology,appropriatestyle,andcompliancewithforeignpublicitytranslationnorms.Passage1(20分)我们坚持绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，全方位、全地域、全过程加强生态环境保护，生态文明制度体系更加健全，污染防治攻坚向纵深推进，绿色、循环、低碳发展迈出坚实步伐，生态环境保护发生历史性、转折性、全局性变化，我们的祖国天更蓝、山更绿、水更清。Passage2(20分)中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗成功列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，是对中国茶文化国际影响力的充分认可。目前中国共有43个项目列入该名录，总数位居世界第一，充分展现了中国丰富的文化资源和深厚的文化底蕴。Section3译校改错（20分）Thefollowingisawrongtranslationofagovernmentworkreportexcerpt,pleaseidentify5typicalerrors,explainthereasonsfortheerrorsandgivethecorrecttranslation.原文：我们要深入实施创新驱动发展战略，加快建设科技强国，实现高水平科技自立自强，强化企业科技创新主体地位，发挥科技型骨干企业引领支撑作用，营造有利于科技型中小微企业成长的良好环境，推动创新链产业链资金链人才链深度融合。错误译文：Weshoulddeeplyimplementtheinnovation-drivendevelopmentstrategy,speeduptheconstructionofastrongtechnologycountry,realizehigh-levelscientificandtechnologicalself-reliance,strengthenthemainpositionofenterprisesinscientificandtechnologicalinnovation,giveplaytotheleadingandsupportingroleofkeyscientificandtechnologicalenterprises,createagoodenvironmentconducivetothegrowthofsmall,mediumandmicroscientificandtechnologicalenterprises,andpromotethein-depthintegrationofinnovationchain,industrialchain,capitalchainandtalentchain.第三部分口译综合能力测试（满分100分，配套音频文本附后）Section1听力判断（10题，每题2分，共20分）听力文本（2024年进博会开幕式主旨演讲节选）：“本届进博会共有128个国家和地区的3400多家企业参展，展览面积达到38.2万平方米，创历史新高。前六届进博会累计意向成交额超过7000亿美元，已经成为中国扩大高水平开放、共享发展机遇的重要平台。今年我们将继续推出18项扩大开放的新举措，进一步降低关税和制度性成本，为各国企业进入中国市场创造更好的条件。”根据上述内容判断下列句子正误，正确填T，错误填F。1.本届进博会参展企业来自138个国家和地区。2.本届进博会展览面积为38.2万平方米，创历史新高。3.前六届进博会累计意向成交额超过7000亿元人民币。4.进博会是中国扩大高水平开放的重要平台。5.今年中国将推出19项扩大开放的新举措。6.中国将进一步提高关税，保护国内产业发展。7.本届进博会参展企业数量超过3400家。8.进博会已经举办了六届。9.中国推出的新举措将增加制度性成本。10.进博会为各国企业进入中国市场提供了机遇。Section2听力填空（20空，每空1.5分，共30分）听力文本（全球数字贸易博览会主旨演讲节选）：“数字贸易已经成为全球贸易增长的重要____1____，2023年全球数字贸易规模达到15.5万亿美元，占全球贸易总额的____2____。中国数字贸易规模连续多年位居世界____3____，2023年跨境电商进出口总额达到2.3万亿元人民币，同比增长____4____。我们将继续完善数字贸易治理体系，加快____5____数字领域国际规则，加强数字基础设施建设，促进数据要素____6____流动，推动全球数字贸易____7____、____8____、____9____发展，让数字经济发展成果更多惠及各国人民。我们欢迎各国企业积极参与中国数字经济建设，共享中国数字市场____10____。”（剩余10空考点涵盖“数字安全”“知识产权保护”“跨境支付便利化”等核心术语）Section3听力理解（15题，每题2分，共30分）听力材料涵盖世卫组织疫苗合作记者会、中美文化交流论坛发言、领事保护表态三类场景，考点包括数字信息提取、核心观点判断、发言人立场识别等（具体题目略）。Section4综述写作（20分）听一段500词的英文讲话（文本为联合国教科文组织关于全球文化遗产保护的发言），要求用中文撰写150-200字的内容综述，要求信息完整、逻辑清晰、语言通顺。第四部分口译实务测试（满分100分，交替传译模式）Section1英汉交替传译（50分）Passage1(25分，约200词)“OnbehalfoftheInternationalOlympicCommittee,IwouldliketoextendmywarmcongratulationsonthesuccessfulconclusionoftheChengduFISUWorldUniversityGames.Thiseventhasbroughttogethermorethan6,500athletesfrom113countriesandregions,whohaveachievedexcellentresultsanddeepenedfriendship.Thehigh-qualityvenuefacilities,thoughtfulvolunteerservicesandefficientorganizationworkhaveleftadeepimpressiononallparticipants.Thiseventhasnotonlypromotedthedevelopmentofyouthsports,butalsobuiltabridgeforculturalexchangesbetweenyoungpeoplefromallovertheworld.”Passage2(25分，约220词)“AccordingtotheWorldBank’slatestreport,China’spovertyalleviationcampaignhasliftedmorethan800millionpeopleoutofpoverty,accountingformorethan70%oftheglobalpovertyreductionpopulationinthesameperiod,whichisahistoricachievementinthehistoryofhumanpovertyreduction.China’stargetedpovertyalleviationmodel,whichcombinesindustrialsupport,educationassistanceandrelocation,providesausefulreferenceforotherdevelopingcountries.WearewillingtostrengthencooperationwithChinainthefieldofpovertyreduction,shareexperienceandjointlypromotetheglobalpovertyalleviationprocess.”Section2汉英交替传译（50分）Passage1(25分，约250汉字)“今年是共建‘一带一路’倡议提出11周年。11年来，‘一带一路’坚持共商共建共享原则，已经吸引了150多个国家和30多个国际组织参与，累计投资超过1.3万亿美元，为沿线国家创造了42万个就业岗位，拉动近1亿人脱贫。我们将继续高质量共建‘一带一路’，深化基础设施‘硬联通’、规则标准‘软联通’、同沿线国家人民‘心联通’，让合作成果更多惠及各国人民。”Passage2(25分，约200汉字)“中方在南海问题上的立场是一贯、明确的。中国对南海诸岛及其附近海域拥有无可争辩的主权，这有着充分的历史和法理依据。我们始终坚持通过和平谈判同直接当事国协商解决争议，同时坚决维护国家领土主权和海洋权益。我们愿同东盟国家一道，全面有效落实《南海各方行为宣言》，加快推进‘南海行为准则’磋商，共同维护南海和平稳定。”参考答案及解析第一部分笔译综合能力参考答案Section1词汇与语法1.B解析：domestication（归化）指调整原文文化元素适配目标读者认知，符合语境；foreignization（异化）侧重保留原文文化特色，literaltranslation为直译，semantictranslation为语义翻译，均不符合。2.A解析：考察虚拟语气倒装结构，if省略后had提前，主句为wouldhavedone结构，从句动词用过去分词followed。3.C解析：alteration（改动）符合语境，adaptation为改编，adoption为采纳，admiration为赞赏，均不符合。4.A解析：normativetexts（规范性文本）为固定搭配，指法律、专利等具有规范效力的文本。5.C解析：syntacticdifferences（句法差异）为汉英语言核心差异点，符合语境。6.B解析：by+过去时间点作状语，句子用过去完成时。7.A解析：notonly...butalso为固定搭配，表递进关系。8.B解析：judgingfrom为固定独立主格结构，无需考虑主被动关系。9.A解析：“中国式现代化”官方标准译法为Chinese-stylemodernization。10.C解析：require后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词为（should）+动词原形。11.B解析：as引导原因状语从句，符合前后逻辑关系。12.A解析：objective（目标）符合语境，objection为反对，obligation为义务，observation为观察，均不符合。13.A解析：inresponseto（响应、回应）符合语境，incontrastto为对比，infavorof为支持，inplaceof为代替。14.A解析：现在分词作结果状语，表主动关系。15.B解析：“绿水青山就是金山银山”官方标准译法为Lucidwatersandlushmountainsareinvaluableassets。16.A解析：polish（润色、打磨）符合翻译工作语境。17.A解析：itisessentialforsbtodosth为固定结构。18.A解析：whereas表对比转折，符合两个译本策略对比的语境。19.C解析：adopt（采用）符合“采用评估维度”的语境，apply为应用，adapt为适配，adjust为调整。20.A解析：none为否定意义的代词，反义疑问句用肯定形式，谓语动词为实义动词meet，故用dothey。Section2错误识别21.B解析：familiarwith应为名词形式familiaritywith，作require的宾语。22.B解析：covers应为covering，作伴随状语。23.A解析：comparedto应为comparedwith，表同类事物对比。24.D解析：misunderstand应为名词形式misunderstanding，作caused的宾语。25.C解析：willnotdisclose应为被动语态willnotbedisclosed。26.B解析：RuralRevitalizationStrategy应为theRuralRevitalizationStrategy，需加定冠词。27.B解析：are应为is，主语quality为不可数名词。28.C解析：received应为receiving，作伴随状语。29.D解析：thecorrespondingWesternconcept应为复数形式correspondingWesternconcepts，对应前文的terms。30.D解析：translatespeed应为translationspeed，需用名词形式修饰speed。Section3完形填空31.A32.A33.A34.B35.A36.A37.B38.A39.A40.A41.A42.A43.A44.A45.A（解析略，所有选项均贴合典籍外译的语境及固定搭配要求）Section4阅读理解46.A47.B48.B49.A50.C（剩余题目答案略）第二部分笔译实务参考答案Section1英译汉参考译文Passage1文化多样性对人类的重要性，堪比生物多样性对自然的重要性。从这个意义上说，文化多样性是人类共同遗产，为了当代及后代的利益，应当得到承认和肯定。保护和促进文化多样性是可持续发展的必然要求，与尊重人的尊严、人权和基本自由并行不悖。各国对保护和促进文化多样性负有首要责任，应当与民间社会、私营部门合作，为文化交流和创新创造有利环境。Passage2中国新能源汽车