六年级上册英语语法考点梳理+对点训练《译林版》

六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练一、规则动词的一般过去式1.大部分动词直接在词尾加-ed。例如：point—pointed,cle3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应先将y改为i再加-ed。例如：study—studied，cry4.以元音字母加y结尾的动词直接在词尾加-ed。例如：play—played,stay—stayed5.以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词要双写最后一个字母，再加-ed。典例1：Mygrandmotheroftenchatted(chat)withmewhenIwasyoung.也用过去式，动词chat的一般过去式变化规则符合上述第5点，应双写t，再加-ed。练习1：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Long,longago,alion(live)intheforest.(2)I(show)thepicturetomysisterandshewashappy.(3)Mike(study)EnglishwithHelenyesterdayafternoon.(5)Oneday,MrBlack(walk)bythesmallhouse.(6)They(play)footballtogetherlastSunday.典例2：Eachboyflies(fly)akiteatweekends.解析：eachboy是第三人称单数，atweekends表明时态是一般现在时，故谓语动词用flies练习2：根据中文提示补全句子。我们每天骑自行车上学。三、一般过去时的用法2.两种类型：(1)be动词型：把am,is改成was，把are改成were。(2)实义动词型：把实义动词改成过去式。六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练练习3：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Mikeandhissister(be)inJapanlastyear.(2)I(be)tenyearsoldsixyearsago.(3)He(notbe)atschoolyesterday.。(4)Thirtyyearsago,Lily(be)alittlegirl.Nowshe(be)awoman.(5)I(stay)athomeyesterday.练习4：按要求完成句子。(1)Theteacherislisteningtomusicnow.(改为一般过去时)Theteachertomusicyesterday.(2)Thedoctorwasintheparkthismorning.(改为复数句)Theseintheparkthismorning.2.当what后接复数名词或不可数名词时，其结构为“What+形容词+复数名词/不可数练习5：根据中文提示补全句子(1)多么令人激动的比赛啊！ match!(2)多么漂亮的衣服啊！ clothes!五、天气类形容词的用法1.形容词可以修饰名词，一般放在名词的前面。2.形容词用于系动词的后面，用来说明主语的特征。3.表示天气的形容词一般由其对应的名词或动词变化而来。一般情况下直接在后面加-y。但sunny是由sun双写n再加-y。练习6：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Itwas(rain)yesterday.【易错题】(2)Theisshining.Itisadaytoday.(sun)(3)Itisoutsidenow.Itisthisspring.(rain)(4)Theweatheris(cloud)and(wind).(5)Itisnottoday.Butityesterdayevening.(rain)(6)Theweatherbecame.Thereweresomeblack.(cloud)六、动词过去式的不规则变化六、动词过去式的不规则变化练习7：写出下列单词的过去式。(1)catch(2)meet(3)bring(4)become(5)teach(6)know(7)say(8)can(9)like(10)make(11)wear(12)find练习8：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)I(go)toShanghailastweek.(2)MrsSmith(wear)abeautifuldresslastnight.(3)She(read)anemailontheInternetyesterday.(4)We(watch)afilmlastSundayevening.(6)We(eat)lotsofnicefoodtherelastSunday.七、therebe句型在一般过去时中的用法1.was为is的过去式，其后接可数名词的单数形式或不可数名词。2.were为are的过去式，其后接可数名词的复数形式。练习9：用be动词的适当形式填空。(1)There(be)alotofforestsinthecitylonglongago.(2)There(be)manypeopleintheparkyesterday.(3)Manyyearsago,there(be)atigerandthreerabbits.(4)Beforethere(be)nocomputersinmyoldschoo(5)There(be)someapplejuiceintheseglassestwentyminutesago.(6)There(be)aheavyrainlastn练习10：按要求完成句子。(1)Therearemanyparrotsinthezoonow.(用lastyear改写句子)Theremanyparrotsinthe(2)Thereweresomeapplesonthetree.(改为否定句)【易错题】Thereapplesonthetree.Whathappened,LiuTao?么事时，需在句子后加介词with。九、实义动词过去式的一般疑问句实义动词过去式的一般疑问句结构为：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+did.练习11：按要求完成句子。(1)Myfatherwentfishingyesterday.(改为一般疑问句) fatherfishingyester·day?(2)Weflewkitesintheparklastweekend.(改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)youintheparklastweekend?,we.(3)Icaughtsomefish.(改为一般疑问句)【易错题】 youfish?(4)Heleninvitedmanyfriend(改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答) 十、实义动词过去式的特殊疑问句实义动词过去式的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？练习12：单项选择。A.WheredidB.WherewereC.Whatdid()(2)Whatyoudothere?A.wasB.didC.were()(3)—Whatdidyouforthepartylastsummer?【易错题】—Iareddress.A.wore;wearB.wore;woreC.wear;wore六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练()(4)—WhereSamandTinagojustnow?—Theytothepark.A.do;goB.did;goC.did;went()(5)—didyoudolastweek?—Iwateredflowers.A.WhatB.WhereC.When练习13：给下列句子选择正确的答语。()(2)WhereisKunming?B.IwatchedTVathome. 十一、be动词过去式的特殊疑问句be动词过去式的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？练习14：单项选择。)(1)WhereKittyandBettyyesterdayafternoon?A.didB.wereC.are)(2)—Whereyoutwoweeksago?—IinBeijing.【易错题】A.was;wereB.were;wasC.are;am)(3)—wastheparty?—Itwasgreat.A.HowB.WhatC.Where)(4)—washesoexcitedyesterday?—yesterdaywashisbirthday.A.Why;SoB.How;BecauseC.Why;Because十二、情态动词could的用法1.肯定句：主语+could+动词原形+其他.3.一般疑问句：Could+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答为：Yes,…could.否定回答为：No,…couldn’t.练习15：用所给词的适当形式填空。(4)Fiveyearsago,Lindacould(write)and(draw).六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练练习16：按要求完成句子。(1)Icouldmakeasentencewiththisnewword.(改为一般疑问句) makeasentencewiththisnewword?(2)Tinacouldsinganddancesixyearsago.(对画线部分提问) Tinasixyearsago?1.also用于肯定句和疑问句中，用于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前2.too用于肯定句的句尾。练习17：选出句中错误的一项，并在横线上改正。()Ilikepandas.Mysistertoolikespandas.alsoABC练习18：选词填空。Icanswim.Johncanswim(also/too).练习19：单项选择。)(1)IplayedtabletennismyfatherC./;andC.withC.onC.forA.the;andB./;withC./;andC.withC.onC.forA.aboutB.at)(3)Hewritesapencil.A.withB.use)(4)Canyoumakeasentencethenewword?A.toB.with十五、some在疑问句中的用法1.用于表达请求的疑问句。2.用于表示建议的疑问句。六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练练习20：单项选择。()(1)—Wouldyoulikecoffee?—Yes,please.A.aB.someC.any()(2)Shallwehavepiesfordinner?A.aB.someC.any十六、常见标识语的句型结构 ”,多用于公共标牌或广告等。一些常见标识语的句型结构如下：4.Be+形容词./名词./名词短语.练习21：用所给词的适当形式填空。(4)Please(not)litterhere. 十七、询问标识的句型问句：Whatdoesthissign/thatsign/itmean?答语：Itmeans+含义.练习22：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)—Whatthatsign(mean)?(2)Whatthesesigns(mean)?练习23：按要求完成句子。 六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练练习24：根据中文提示补全句子。(1)我们能做些什么来保持我们的教室干净？ wedotoourclassroom?(2)请保持窗户开着。Pleasethewindow.练习25：单项选择。)(1)Smokefromcarstheair.【易错题】C.making;dirtydirty.A.make;C.making;dirtydirty.)(2)—Whattheparkdirty?—RubbishmakesA.makes;itB.make;themC.makes;them 1.many后面接可数名词的复数形式。2.much后面接不可数名词。3.alotof和lotsof后面既可以接可数名词的复数形式，相当于many，也可以接不可数名词，相当于much。4.alot后面不能接名词，但可以用来修饰动词或名词，表示程度。练习26：单项选择。()(1)Samhasmeat.Bobbyhaseggs.A.childB.childrenC.childsA.somanyB.somuchC.manyfood()(4)Billyusuallyeats.A.alotofB.lotsof(3)ThereisnotcoaloroilonEarth.(4)Thereisnotwater.六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练这个短语的意思是“使用(做)”时，to后面常接动词原形。(make)tablesandchairs.begoingto是将来时的一种结构，它后面要接动词原形，用来表示按计划或安排要发3.一般疑问句：Be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+going练习28：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)LilyandLucy(make)somecakestomorrow.(2)Tomorrow,he(play)footballwithme.(3)What(be)yougoingto(buy)nextweek?(4)They(be)going(watch)fireworkstogether.(5)It(be)ChineseNewYearnextFriday.【易错题】(7)—Whenyou(have)apicnic?—Tomorrow.练习29：按要求完成句子。(1)HeisgoingtoShanghainextweek.(对画线部分提问) henextweek? goingtobuydeliciousfood?(3)Sheoftenwatchesfilmsatweekends.(用nextweek改写)Sheafilmnextweek.(4)Theyaregoingtowatchfireworks.(对画线部分提问) 一、规则动词的一般过去式一、规则动词的一般过去式3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应先将y改为i再加-ed。例如：study—studied，cry4.以元音字母加y结尾的动词直接在词尾加-ed。例如：play—played,stay—stayed5.以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词要双写最后一个字母，再加-ed。典例1：Mygrandmotheroftenchatted(chat)withmewhenIwasyoung.也用过去式，动词chat的一般过去式变化规则符合上述第5点，应双写t，再加-ed。练习1：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Long,longago,alionlived(li(2)Ishowed(show)thepicturetomysisterandshewashappy.(3)Mikestudied(study)EnglishwithHelenyesterdayafternoon.(5)Oneday,MrBlackwalked(walk)bythesmallhouse.(6)Theyplayed(play)footballtogetherlastSunday. 二、each与every的区别典例2：Eachboyflies(fly)akiteatweekends.解析：eachboy是第三人称单数，atweekends表明时态是一般现在时，故谓语动词用flies练习2：根据中文提示补全句子。我们每天骑自行车上学。三、一般过去时的用法2.两种类型：(1)be动词型：把am,is改成was，把are改成were。(2)实义动词型：把实义动词改成过去式。六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练练习3：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Mikeandhissisterwere(be)inJapanlastyear.(2)Iwas(be)tenyearsoldsixyearsago.(4)Thirtyyearsago,Lilywas(be)alittlegirl.Nowsheis(be)awoman.(5)Istayed(stay)athomeyesterday.练习4：按要求完成句子。(1)Theteacherislisteningtomusicnow.(改为一般过去时)Theteacherlistenedtomusicyesterday.(2)Thedoctorwasintheparkthismorning.(改为复数句)Thesedoctorswereintheparkthismorning. 四、what引导的感叹句2.当what后接复数名词或不可数名词时，其结构为“What+形容词+复数名词/不可数练习5：根据中文提示补全句子(1)多么令人激动的比赛啊！Whatanexcitingmatch!(2)多么漂亮的衣服啊！Whatbeautifulclothes!五、天气类形容词的用法1.形容词可以修饰名词，一般放在名词的前面。2.形容词用于系动词的后面，用来说明主语的特征。3.表示天气的形容词一般由其对应的名词或动词变化而来。一般情况下直接在后面加-y。但sunny是由sun双写n再加-y。练习6：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Itwasrainy(rain)yesterday.【易错题】(2)Thesunisshining.Itisasunnydaytoday.(sun)(3)Itisraininoutsidenow.Itisrainythissprin(4)Theweatheriscloudy(cloud)andwindy(wind).(5)Itisnotrainytoday.Butitrainedyesterdayevening.(rain)(6)Theweatherbecamecloudy.Thereweresomeblackcloud·s.(cloud)六、动词过去式的不规则变化六、动词过去式的不规则变化练习7：写出下列单词的过去式。(1)catchcaught(2)meetmet(3)bringbrought(4)becomebecame(5)teachtaught(6)knowknew(7)saysaid(8)cancould(9)likeliked(10)makemade(11)wearwore(12)findfound练习8：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Iwent(go)toShanghailastweek.(2)MrsSmithwore(wear)abeautifuldresslastnight.(3)Sheread(read)anemailontheInternetyesterday.(4)Wewatched(watch)afilmlastSundayevening.(6)Weate(eat)lotsofnicefoodtherelastSunday. 七、therebe句型在一般过去时中的用法1.was为is的过去式，其后接可数名词的单数形式或不可数名词。2.were为are的过去式，其后接可数名词的复数形式。练习9：用be动词的适当形式填空。(1)Therewere(be)alotofforestsinthecitylonglongago.(2)Therewere(be)manypeopleintheparkyesterday.(3)Manyyearsago,therewas(be)atigerandthreerabbits.(4)Beforetherewere(be)nocomputersinmyoldschool.(5)Therewas(be)someapplejuiceintheseglassestwentyminutesago.(6)Therewas(be)aheavyrainlastnight.练习10：按要求完成句子。(1)Therearemanyparrotsinthezoonow.(用lastyear改写句子)Thereweremanyparrotsinthezoolastyear.(2)Thereweresomeapplesonthetree.(改为否定句)【易错题】Whathappened,LiuTao?么事时，需在句子后加介词with。九、实义动词过去式的一般疑问句实义动词过去式的一般疑问句结构为：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+did.练习11：按要求完成句子。(1)Myfatherwentfishingyesterday.(改为一般疑问句)Didyourfathergofishingyester·day?(2)Weflewkitesintheparklastweekend.(改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)(3)Icaughtsomefish.(改为一般疑问句)【易错题】Didyoucatchanyfish?(4)Heleninvitedmanyfriend(改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答)DidHeleninvitemanyfriendstoherbirthdayparty?Yes,shedid. 十、实义动词过去式的特殊疑问句实义动词过去式的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？练习12：单项选择。A.WheredidB.WherewereC.Whatdid(B)(2)Whatyoudothere?A.wasB.didC.were(C)(3)—Whatdidyouforthepartylastsummer?【易错题】—Iareddress.A.wore;wearB.wore;woreC.wear;wore六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练(C)(4)—WhereSamandTinagojustnow?—Theytothepark.A.do;goB.did;goC.did;went(A)(5)—didyoudolastweek?—Iwateredflowers.A.WhatB.WhereC.When练习13：给下列句子选择正确的答语。(C)(2)WhereisKunming?B.IwatchedTVathome. 十一、be动词过去式的特殊疑问句be动词过去式的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？练习14：单项选择。(B)(1)WhereKittyandBettyyesterdayafternoon?A.didB.wereC.are(B)(2)—Whereyoutwoweeksago?—IinBeijing.【易错题】A.was;wereB.were;wasC.are;am(A)(3)—wastheparty?—Itwasgreat.A.HowB.WhatC.Where(C)(4)—washesoexcitedyesterday?—yesterdaywashisbirthday.A.Why;SoB.How;BecauseC.Why;Because十二、情态动词could的用法1.肯定句：主语+could+动词原形+其他.3.一般疑问句：Could+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答为：Yes,…could.否定回答为：No,…couldn’t.练习15：用所给词的适当形式填空。(4)Fiveyearsago,Lindacouldwrite(write)anddraw(draw).六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练练习16：按要求完成句子。(1)Icouldmakeasentencewiththisnewword.(改为一般疑问句)Couldyoumakeasentencewiththisnewword?(2)Tinacouldsinganddancesixyearsago.(对画线部分提问)WhatcouldTinadosixyearsago?1.also用于肯定句和疑问句中，用于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前2.too用于肯定句的句尾。练习17：选出句中错误的一项，并在横线上改正。(B)Ilikepandas.Mysistertoolikespandas.alsoABC练习18：选词填空。Icanswim.Johncanswimtoo(also/too).练习19：单项选择。(B)(1)Iplayedtabletennismyfatheryesterday.A.the;andB./;withC./;and(C)(2)IcanhelpyouyourEnglish.A.aboutB.atC.with(A)(3)Hewritesapencil.A.withB.useC.on(B)(4)Canyoumakeasentencethenewword?A.toB.withC.for十五、some在疑问句中的用法1.用于表达请求的疑问句。2.用于表示建议的疑问句。六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练练习20：单项选择。(B)(1)—Wouldyoulikecoffee?—Yes,please.A.aB.someC.any(B)(2)Shallwehavepiesfordinner?A.aB.someC.any十六、常见标识语的句型结构 ”,多用于公共标牌或广告等。一些常见标识语的句型结构如下：4.Be+形容词./名词./名词短语.练习21：用所给词的适当形式填空。(5)Becareful(care)!There’satigeroverthere. 十七、询问标识的句型问句：Whatdoesthissign/thatsign/itmean?答语：Itmeans+含义.练习22：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)—Whatdoesthatsignmean(mean)?(2)Whatdothesesignsmean(mean)?练习23：按要求完成句子。六上译林版语法考点梳理+对点训练练习24：根据中文提示补全句子。(1)我们能做些什么来保持我们的教室干净？Whatcanwedotokeepourclassroomclean?(2)请保持窗户开着。Pleasekeepthewindowopen.练习25：单项选择。(B)(1)Smokefromcarstheair.【易错题】A.make;cleanB.makes;di