2019年全国统考英语一专项训练（含答案详解）

2019年全国统考英语一专项训练（含答案详解）一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassageisprimarilystructuredto______.A.presentconflictingviewpointsonasingleissueB.developacentralideathroughexamplesandevidenceC.compareandcontrasttwodistinctphenomenaD.critiquethemethodologiesofpreviousresearchers2.Theauthor'stonetowardthesubjectmattercanbestbedescribedas______.A.sarcasticanddismissiveB.objectiveandanalyticalC.emotionalandpersuasiveD.nostalgicandreflective解析：英语一写作部分第7单元常要求识别"学术客观性"（如第三人称、被动语态），干扰项A需原文明确讽刺词汇，C（情感说服）多见于广告文本，D（怀旧）常见于个人叙事，正确选项需定位第7单元"数据引用处"的时态特征（如"ithasbeenobservedthat..."）。3.Theword"elucidate"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.A.obscureB.clarifyC.exaggerateD.minimize解析：词汇题需结合上下文第7单元"专业术语辨析"，干扰项A（使模糊）与词义相反，C（夸大）和D（最小化）需原文对比级词（如"significantly"），正确选项需匹配"解释说明"的语境（如"thestudyelucidatesthemechanism..."）。4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainlimitationoftheproposedsolution?A.Itistooexpensivetoimplement.B.Itmayhaveunintendedconsequences.C.Itrequirestoomuchtechnologicalexpertise.D.Itisnotsupportedbysufficientevidence.解析：英语一长篇阅读第7单元常设置"问题解决类文本"，干扰项A（成本问题）需原文具体数字对比，C（技术门槛）多见于工程类文本，正确选项需定位"but/however"转折句（如"althoughitiseffective,..."），结合第7单元"风险评估"段落。5.Thepassagesuggeststhatfutureresearchshouldfocuson______.A.developingalternativetheories.B.expandingthescopeofcurrentfindings.C.replicatingtheoriginalstudy.D.reducingthesamplesizeforefficiency.解析：建议类题目需结合第7单元"研究方法论"章节，干扰项A（理论创新）需原文"fundamentalrevision"表述，C（重复实验）多见于方法论争议文本，正确选项需匹配"进一步探索"的表述（如"futurestudiescouldinvestigate..."）。6.Thephrase"adouble-edgedsword"impliesthat______.A.thebenefitisclearlyoutweighedbythedrawback.B.therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.C.theeffectistemporaryratherthanpermanent.D.thesolutionisapplicableonlyinspecificcontexts.解析：隐喻题需结合第7单元"辩证分析"文本，干扰项A（利大于弊）需绝对化表述，C（时效性）多见于市场分析，正确选项需匹配"利弊并存"（如"ithelpsproductivitybutharmscreativity"）。7.Whatistheauthor'sprimarypurposeinthesecondparagraph?A.Tointroduceacounterargument.B.Toprovidestatisticalevidence.C.Todescribeahistoricaldevelopment.D.Toexplainacomplexconcept.解析：段落功能题需结合第7单元"文本结构分析"，干扰项A（反驳）需"however/nevertheless"标志，C（历史）多见于传记类文本，正确选项需匹配"定义-举例"结构（如"thisisexemplifiedby..."）。8.Thepassageindicatesthatthecurrentapproachtotheproblem______.A.hasbeenconsistentlysuccessful.B.isbasedonoutdatedassumptions.C.iswidelyacceptedinthefield.D.hasyieldedpredictableresults.解析：评价类题目需结合第7单元"学术批判性思维"，干扰项A（持续成功）需绝对化数据，C（领域认可）多见于综述类文本，正确选项需匹配"局限性"表述（如"itfailstoaddress..."）。9.Theword"mitigate"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.A.exacerbateB.minimizeC.justifyD.eliminate解析：学术词汇题需结合第7单元"环境科学/医学类文本"，干扰项A（加剧）与词义相反，C（辩护）多见于法律文本，正确选项需匹配"减轻影响"（如"thepolicymitigatespollution..."）。10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?A.Theproblemcannotbesolvedwithoutsignificantchanges.B.Thecurrentsolutionisthebestavailableoption.C.Theresearchershavenostakeintheoutcome.D.Thefindingsarebasedsolelyontheoreticalmodels.解析：信息匹配题需结合第7单元"研究伦理"章节，干扰项A（绝对化否定）需全文否定表述，D（纯理论）多见于数学类文本，正确选项需定位"利益相关方"段落（如"theauthorsacknowledgetheirinstitutionalaffiliations..."）。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thestudy______thatthecorrelationbetweenXandYisstatisticallysignificantatthe0.05level.参考答案：revealed/indicated/findingsshowed解析：第7单元"实验报告"常使用"show/reveal"等客观动词，需填入主动语态动词（被动语态如"wasrevealed"不可选），结合"statisticallysignificant"的学术表述。2.Accordingtothepassage,theprimary______totheproposedmodelisitscomplexity.参考答案：limitation/challenge/criticism解析：技术类文本第7单元常使用"limitation"（限制）或"challenge"（挑战），需填入名词且符合"tothemodel"搭配，不可选"disadvantage"（偏口语化）。3.Theresearchers______thatfurtherexperimentsareneededtoconfirmtheresults.参考答案：concluded/suggested/recommended解析：建议类文本第7单元常使用"recommended"（建议），需填入动词原形且符合"that从句"结构，不可选"insisted"（过于绝对）。4.The______ofthepolicyhasbeenslowerthanexpectedduetobureaucraticdelays.参考答案：implementation/execution/adoption解析：政策类文本第7单元常使用"implementation"（实施），需填入名词且符合"ofthepolicy"搭配，不可选"operation"（操作）。5.Theauthor______thatthefindingshavebroaderimplicationsforthefield.参考答案：argued/wasoftheopinion/stated解析：学术观点表达第7单元常使用"argued"（主张），需填入动词且符合主语"theauthor"的第三人称单数形式，不可选"believed"（主观性强）。6.The______betweenthetwomethodsismostevidentintheircost-effectiveness.参考答案：contrast/difference/comparison解析：对比类文本第7单元常使用"contrast"（对比），需填入名词且符合"between"结构，不可选"juxtaposition"（并置）。7.Thestudy______thatthevariablewasnotaconfoundingfactor.参考答案：determined/excluded/discounted解析：实验分析第7单元常使用"excluded"（排除），需填入动词且符合"that从句"结构，不可选"acknowledged"（承认）。8.The______ofthesurveywasdesignedtominimizeresponsebias.参考答案：methodology/design/instrumentation解析：研究方法类文本第7单元常使用"methodology"（方法学），需填入名词且符合"ofthesurvey"搭配，不可选"instrument"（工具）。9.Theauthor______thatthetheoryrequir