中考英语常见动词短语及练习

中考英语常见动词短语及练习在中考英语的备考过程中，动词短语的掌握是提升阅读理解、完形填空以及书面表达能力的关键一环。这些由动词与介词、副词或名词组合而成的固定搭配，往往具有特定的含义，有时甚至与动词本身的字面意思相去甚远。因此，系统地梳理和记忆常见动词短语，并通过练习加以巩固，对于同学们在考试中取得佳绩至关重要。本文将为大家归纳一些中考英语中高频出现的动词短语，并配以针对性练习，希望能助大家一臂之力。一、常见动词短语梳理与例析以下将按照动词的首字母顺序，为大家呈现一些核心动词短语及其用法。请注意，部分动词会与不同的介词或副词搭配，形成多个含义各异的短语，这是学习的重点，也是难点。(一)动词+介词/副词(A-F)1.agreewith(同意某人的意见、看法)*Iagreewithyouthatweshouldstudyhardfortheexam.2.askfor(请求，要求)*Heaskedhisteacherforhelpwithhismathproblems.3.arriveat/in(到达某地，小地点用at，大地点用in)*Wearrivedatthestationjustintime.TheyarrivedinBeijingyesterday.4.breakdown(机器出故障；身体垮掉)*Mybikebrokedownonthewaytoschool.5.callup(打电话给某人；使想起)*I'llcallyouuptonight.Thissongcallsupmemoriesofmychildhood.*Shecameacrossanoldphotointhedrawer.9.cutdown(砍倒；减少)*Weshouldnotcutdowntrees.Youneedtocutdownonsugartokeephealthy.(二)动词+介词/副词(G-L)1.getalong/onwith(与……相处；进展)*Howareyougettingalongwithyournewclassmates?MyEnglishstudyisgettingonwell.2.getup(起床)*Sheusuallygetsupearlyinthemorning.3.giveup(放弃)*Nevergiveup,andyouwillsucceed.4.goon(继续)*Pleasegoonwithyourstory.5.growup(长大，成长)*Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?6.handin(上交)*Youmusthandinyourhomeworkontime.7.hearfrom(收到……的来信)*Ihaven'theardfrommypenpalforalongtime.8.holdon(等一下；坚持住)9.lookafter(照顾，照料)*CouldyoulookaftermycatwhileI'maway?10.lookfor(寻找)*I'mlookingformylostkey.11.lookforwardto(期待，盼望)*Wearelookingforwardtothesummerholiday.(注意to是介词，后接名词或动名词)(三)动词+介词/副词(M-R)1.makeup(编造；组成)*Hemadeupanexcuseforbeinglate.Theteamismadeupoffivestudents.2.payattentionto(注意)*Pleasepayattentiontoyourpronunciation.(注意to是介词)3.pickup(捡起；（偶然）学会；接某人)*Shepickedupawalletonthestreet.HepickedupsomeFrenchwhenhewasinParis.I'llpickyouupatthestation.4.putaway(把……收起来放好)*Pleaseputawayyourtoysafterplaying.5.puton(穿上；上演)*Putonyourcoat,it'scoldoutside.Theschoolwillputonaplaynextweek.6.putoff(推迟)7.runoutof(用完，耗尽)*Wehaverunoutofink.(四)动词+介词/副词(S-Z)1.setup(建立，创立)2.showoff(炫耀)*Helikestoshowoffhisnewphone.3.takecareof(照顾，照料)*It'sourdutytotakecareoftheold.4.takeoff(脱下；（飞机）起飞)*Takeoffyourshoesbeforeenteringtheroom.Theplanewilltakeoffintenminutes.5.takepartin(参加)*Iwilltakepartintheschoolsportsmeeting.6.thinkof(想起；认为)*Ican'tthinkofhisnamerightnow.Whatdoyouthinkofthisbook?7.turndown(调小；拒绝)*Pleaseturndownthemusic.Heturneddowntheirinvitation.8.turnoff(关掉)*Don'tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyouleave.9.turnon(打开)*TurnontheTV,please.10.wakeup(醒来)*Iusuallywakeupatsixo'clock.11.workout(解决；算出；锻炼)*Canyouworkoutthismathproblem?Iworkoutinthegymeveryweekend.二、动词短语巩固练习练习一：用括号内所给动词短语的适当形式填空。1.Mymotheroftentellsmenotto________(giveup)whenIfacedifficulties.3.Couldyouplease________(turndown)theradio?I'mtryingtostudy.4.He________(runoutof)hismoney,sohecouldn'tbuythebook.5.She________(pickup)someJapaneseduringherstayinTokyo.8.I________(hearfrom)myunclelastweek.HeisdoingwellinAmerica.练习二：根据句意，从方框中选择适当的动词短语并用其正确形式填空。(每个短语限用一次)lookafter,puton,makeup,takeoff,thinkof,setup,payattentionto,growup1.WhenI________,Iwanttobeascientist.2.Please________yourpronunciationwhenyouspeakEnglish.3.It'scoldoutside.You'dbetter________awarmcoat.4.Whowill________yourpetdogwhileyouareonvacation?5.Thelittlegirllikesto________storiestoamuseherbrother.6.Ican't________abetterideathanthis.7.They________anewschoolinthevillagelastyear.8.________yourshoesbeforeyouenterthetemple.练习三：阅读理解中的动词短语辨析阅读下面短文，找出其中的动词短语并尝试理解其在语境中的含义。(此处可嵌入一篇包含若干已学动词短语的简短阅读理解，但为简洁，略去短文，直接考察对短语的理解和运用)请判断下列句子中划线动词短语的含义：A.出来B.出版C.开花2.Healwaystriestoshowoffhisknowledgeinfrontofothers.()A.展示B.炫耀C.关闭A.建立B.放下C.推迟三、练习答案与解析练习一：1.giveup(tellsb.nottodosth.后跟动词原形)2.lookingforwardto(be动词后接动词-ing形式)3.turndown(Couldyouplease...后跟动词原形)4.ranoutof(根据后半句couldn't可知用一般过去时)5.pickedup(根据duringherstay可知用一般过去时)6.handin(forgettodosth.后跟动词原形)7.takingpartin(根据now可知用现在进行时)8.heardfrom(根据lastweek可知用一般过去时)练习二：1.growup(句意：当我长大后，我想成为一名科学家。)2.payattentionto(句意：说英语时请注意你的发音。)3.puton(句意：外面很冷。你最好穿上一件暖和的外套。hadbetterdosth.)4.lookafter(句意：你度假时谁来照顾你的宠物狗？)5.makeup(句意：这个小女孩喜欢编故事逗她弟弟。liketodosth.)6.thinkof(句意：我想不出比这更好的主意了。)7.setup(句意：他们去年在村里建了一所新学校。)8.Takeoff(句意