第4单元大学英语语法练习题库

第4单元大学英语语法练习题库一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthesentence"Thechildrenhavebeenplayinginthegardensincemorning,"theverbtenseprimarilyusedis______.A.PresentsimpletenseB.PresentcontinuoustenseC.PastperfecttenseD.Futureperfecttense（解析：题干中的sincemorning表明动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成进行时，B项正确。A项用于一般性陈述；C项表示过去完成；D项表示将来完成，均不符合语境。）2.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.TheteamwillbeledbyJohntomorrow.B.Shehasbeenseenwalkinghome.C.TheymustbefinishedbyFriday.D.Alloftheabove.（解析：A项beledbyJohn为被动结构；B项被动形式为hasbeenwalkedhome，但原句为主动，错误；C项被动结构正确；D项全对。）3.Inthesentence"IfIhadknownthetruth,Iwouldhavechangedmymind,"theverbformusedindicates______.A.arealconditioninthepresentB.ahypotheticalsituationinthepastC.asuggestionforthefutureD.acommandtothelistener（解析：题干为虚拟语气，hadknown/wouldhavechanged表示与过去事实相反的假设，B项正确。A项用if+presenttense；C项用if+would+baseform；D项用祈使句，均不符。）4.Thephrase"suchabeautifulsunset"isanexampleof______.A.acompoundadjectiveB.acomplexprepositionC.apossessivepronounD.aninterrogativeadverb（解析：such修饰形容词beautiful，构成复合形容词，A项正确。B项如inspiteof；C项如mybook；D项如whydidyougo，均不符。）5.Inthesentence"Sheisnotonlyintelligentbutalsohardworking,"theconjunctionusedis______.A.andB.orC.butD.aswellas（解析：notonly...butalso...为固定搭配，C项正确。A项用and连接并列成分；B项用or表示选择；D项单独使用时作插入语，均不符。）6.Theverb"tohave"inthesentence"Ihaveeatenalready"isusedasa______.A.mainverbB.auxiliaryverbC.modalverbD.phrasalverb（解析：题干中have为实义动词，表示完成动作，A项正确。B项如havebeen；C项如haveto；D项如haveon，均不符。）7.Thesentence"Thebookwhichshegavemeisveryinteresting"contains______.A.asimplerelativeclauseB.acomplexrelativeclauseC.anon-restrictiverelativeclauseD.amisplacedmodifier（解析：which指代book，修饰整句，为限定性定语从句，A项正确。B项含主句和从句；C项用逗号隔开；D项如Themanwithadogwalkedpast，均不符。）8.Thephrase"lookforwardto"isa______.A.phrasalverbB.prepositionalphraseC.gerundphraseD.infinitivephrase（解析：lookforwardto为固定短语动词，A项正确。B项如lookfor；C项如lookingfor；D项如lookto，均不符。）9.Inthesentence"Theyaresaidtohavewonthematch,"theverb"tohavewon"isin______.A.activevoiceB.passivevoiceC.nominalizationD.inversion（解析：besaidtohavedone为固定结构，表示被动意义，B项正确。A项主动形式；C项名词化；D项如Herecomesthebus，均不符。）10.Theuseof"too"inthesentence"Sheistootiredtocontinue"indicates______.A.excessivenessB.possibilityC.necessityD.conditionality（解析："too...to..."结构表示程度过高导致无法做某事，A项正确。B项用may/might；C项用needto；D项用if/when，均不符。）二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thecompany______(decide)onthenewstrategybytheendofthisweek.（参考答案：willhavedecided；解析：bytheendofthisweek提示将来完成时，主语thecompany为单数，填willhavedecided。）2.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldapologizeimmediately.（参考答案：were；解析：虚拟语气条件句用一般过去式，主语I为单数，填were。）3.Thestudents______(study)fortheexamwhentheteacherarrived.（参考答案：hadbeenstudying；解析：arrived为过去时，study动作持续到过去，用过去完成进行时，填hadbeenstudying。）4.______(notarrive)ontimemayresultinlosingthejob.（参考答案：Notarriving；解析：主语为动名词arrive，否定形式需将not提前，填Notarriving。）5.Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepianobutlackspractice.（参考答案：playing；解析：interestindoingsth结构，填playing。）6.Thebook______(write)byJaneisontheshelf.（参考答案：written；解析：定语从句省略which/that，write与book为被动关系，填written。）7.Canyoutellmethereason______(delay)theproject?（参考答案：forthedelay；解析：reasonfordoingsth结构，填forthedelay。）8.Theteacheraskedthestudents______(nottalk)duringthetest.（参考答案：nottotalk；解析：asksbtodosth，否定形式nottodo，填nottotalk。）9.Theman______(see)inthephotoismygrandfather.（参考答案：seen；解析：过去分词作表语，see与man为被动关系，填seen。）10.Itisimportanttokeepabalancebetweenworkand______(live).（参考答案：living；解析：balancebetweendoinganddoing结构，填living。）三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thesentence"Heiswearingahat"canberewrittenas"Ahatisbeingwornbyhim"inpassivevoice.（参考答案：正确；解析：原句主动，改为被动需将宾语hat提前，be动词后接过去分词worn，正确。）2.Thesubjunctivemoodisalwaysusedinconditionalsentences.（参考答案：错误；解析：真实条件句用陈述语气，如Ifitrainstomorrow...；非真实条件句用虚拟语气，如IfIwereyou...，错误。）3.Thephrase"bythetime"canbeusedtoexpressfuturetime.（参考答案：正确；解析：如Bythetimewearrive...表示将来时间，正确。）4.Alladjectivescanbeusedasadverbsbyadding"-ly."（参考答案：错误；解析：如fast不能加ly，错误。）5.Thesentence"Thedogbarkedloudly"isanexampleofsimplepasttense.（参考答案：正确；解析：barked为过去式，主语dog为单数，正确。）6.Therelativepronoun"that"cannotbeusedtorefertopeople.（参考答案：错误；解析：that可指人或物，如ThewomanthatIsaw...，错误。）7.Theverb"make"isalwaysfollowedbyaninfinitivewithout"to."（参考答案：错误；解析：makesbdosth需加to，如makehimlaugh，错误。）8.Thesentence"IamtiredbecauseIhavebeenstudying"isanexampleofacompoundpredicate.（参考答案：正确；解析：amtired为主谓，havebeenstudying为现在完成进行时的宾语从句，构成复合谓语，正确。）9.Thephrase"lookforwardto"isaphrasalverb.（参考答案：正确；解析：lookforwardto为固定短语动词，正确。）10.Thepassivevoicecannotbeusedinquestions.（参考答案：错误；解析：如Whatisbeingdiscussed?为被动疑问句，错误。）四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"presentperfect"and"presentperfectcontinuous"intermsofmeaningandusage.（参考答案：Presentperfectemphasizestheresultofanactioninthepresent(e.g.,Ihavefinished);presentperfectcontinuousemphasizesthedurationoftheaction(e.g.,Ihavebeenfinishingfortwohours).Theformerusespastparticiple,thelatteruses-ingform.Bothcanbeusedwithsince/before.）2.HowdoyouformaquestioninEnglishusingthepassivevoice?Provideanexample.（参考答案：Structure:Subject+be+pastparticiple+by+agent.Example:Whowasthebookwrittenby?Or被动疑问句直接省略by:Wasthebookwritten?）3.Whatisthefunctionoftheadverb"too"inthesentence"Sheistooyoungtodrive"?（参考答案：Tooindicatesanexcessivedegree,makingtheactionimpossible.Thestructureis"too+adj/adv+to+verb,"expressinginability.）4.Describetheuseofthesubjunctivemoodin"IfIwereabird,Iwouldfly."（参考答案：Thisisathirdconditionalsentence.Thepastsubjunctivewereisusedinsteadofwas,indicatingahypothetical/unrealsituation.Themainclauseuseswould+baseform.）5.Howdoyoudistinguishbetweenarestrictiveandnon-restrictiverelativeclause?（参考答案：Restrictiveclausesidentifythenoun(e.g.,Themanwholivesnextdoor...),nocommasareused.Non-restrictiveclausesprovideextrainfo(e.g.,Theman,wholivesnextdoor...),commasareused.）6.Explainthemeaningof"getalongwith"asaphrasalverb.（参考答案：Getalongwithmeanstohaveagoodrelationshipwithothers(e.g.,Shegetsalongwellwithhercolleagues).Itisanintransitivephrasalverb,cannotbeusedwithanobjectdirectly.）7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"makeup"and"makeout"?（参考答案：Makeupmeanstoformorreconcile(e.g.,Makeupastory);makeoutmeanstoseeclearlyorwritelegibly(e.g.,Ican'tmakeoutthewords).Theformeristransitive,thelattercanbetransitive/intransitive.）8.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentencewithanindefinitesubject?（参考答案：Use"itissaid/written/thought..."+passiveverbform.Example:Itisbelievedtobetrue.Oruseimpersonalpassive:Itisreportedthatthemeetingwillbeheld.）五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinpassivevoice:"Thecommitteewilldiscusstheproposalnextweek."（参考答案：Theproposalwillbediscussedbythecommitteenextweek.）2.Transformtheactivesentence"Theybuiltthehousein2020"intoapastperfectpassivesentence.（参考答案：Thehousehadbeenbuiltin2020.）3.Changethefollowingsentencetothesubjunctivemoodtoexpressahypotheticalsituation:"Ifshewererich,shewouldtraveltheworld."（参考答案：Ifshewererich,shewouldtraveltheworld.-alreadycorrectinsubjunctive.Alternative:Ifshewerenotrich,shewouldnottraveltheworld.）4.Combinethefollowingtwosentencesintooneusingarelativeclause:"Thewomanisintelligent.Shepassedalltheexams."（参考答案：Thewomanwhoisintelligentpassedalltheexams.）5.Correcttheerrorinthesentence:"Heisenoughtiredtostopworking."（参考答案：Heistootiredtostopworking.-"enough"shouldbefollowedbyadj/adv,and"too...to..."structureisneeded.）6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingagerundphraseasthesubject:"Readingbooksimprovesvocabulary."（参考答案：Readingbooksimprovesvocabulary.-alreadycorrectasger