2025年通信考试试题及答案英语

2025年通信考试试题及答案英语一、词汇与结构（本部分共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）请从各题给出的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，将其对应字母填入括号内。1.The2025commercialdeploymentof5G-Advanced(5G-A)networksrealizes______integrationofcommunicationandsensing,whichsupportscentimeter-levelhigh-precisionpositioningforunmannedautonomousdrivingsystems.A.discreteB.convergedC.isolatedD.decentralized答案：B解析：5G-A的核心技术方向之一是通感一体，即通信与感知功能深度融合，converged意为“融合的、聚合的”，符合语义；discrete（离散的）、isolated（孤立的）、decentralized（分散的）均不符合通感一体的技术定义，因此选B。2.Inthe6GtechnologyroadmapreleasedbyIMT-2030(6G)PromotionGroupin2025,______isidentifiedasakeyenablingtechnologythatcandynamicallyregulatetheelectromagneticpropagationenvironmenttoimprovenetworkcoverageandenergyefficiency.A.ReconfigurableIntelligentSurfaceB.PowerAmplifierC.OpticalTransceiverD.BasebandProcessingUnit答案：A解析：可重构智能超表面（ReconfigurableIntelligentSurface,RIS）是6G核心候选技术，通过动态调整单元相位改变电磁波传播方向，实现传播环境的智能调控，符合题干描述；其余选项分别为功率放大器、光收发机、基带处理单元，均不符合题意，因此选A。3.The______technologyin5Gnetworksdividesaphysicalnetworkintomultipleindependentlogicalnetworkstomeetthedifferentiatedservicerequirementsofdifferentindustries,suchaslow-latencyindustrialcontrolandhigh-bandwidth8Klivebroadcast.A.bandwidthaggregationB.networkslicingC.loadbalancingD.errorcorrection答案：B解析：网络切片（networkslicing）是5G面向行业应用的核心技术，通过逻辑隔离满足不同业务的差异化QoS需求，符合题干描述；带宽聚合、负载均衡、纠错均不符合题干定义，因此选B。4.China’snationalcomputingpowernetworkprojectreliesonthe______strategytoallocatetrans-regionalcomputingresources,guidingdelay-insensitivecomputingtaskstothewesternnodeswithabundantcleanenergy.A.eastnumberwestcalculationB.eastdatawesttransmissionC.northdatasouthtransferD.westpowereasttransmission答案：B解析：“东数西算”工程对应的标准英文表述框架下，选项B符合通用技术译法规范，意为将东部的算力需求调度到西部节点处理，符合我国算力网络布局战略，因此选B。5.Theshort-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnology______releasedbyBluetoothSIGin2024isdesignedforhigh-speed,low-latencyIoTapplicationsinindustrialInternetandconsumerelectronics,withamaximumtransmissionrateexceeding8Gbps.A.Bluetooth4.2B.Bluetooth5.4C.BluetoothLowEnergyD.Bluetooth6.0答案：D解析：2024年蓝牙技术联盟（BluetoothSIG）正式发布Bluetooth6.0标准，其最高传输速率提升至8Gbps，支持低时延高可靠的短距离连接，符合题干中2025年的技术背景；此前版本的速率均不满足指标要求，因此选D。6.Inthecorenetworkarchitectureof5G,the______isresponsibleforuserplanedataforwarding,whichdecouplesfromthecontrolplanetorealizeflexibleexpansionofforwardingcapacity.A.MMEB.UPFC.AMFD.SMF答案：B解析：5G核心网采用控制面用户面分离架构，用户面功能（UserPlaneFunction,UPF）负责数据转发，符合题干描述；MME是4G核心网移动性管理实体，AMF是接入和移动性管理功能，SMF是会话管理功能，均不负责用户数据转发，因此选B。7.Low-earthorbit(LEO)satellitecommunicationsystemscanprovide______networkcoveragetoachievenetworkaccessforusersinremoteareasthatcannotbecoveredbygroundbasestations.A.regionalB.partialC.seamlessD.limited答案：C解析：低轨卫星通信的核心优势是实现全球无缝覆盖，填补地面网络覆盖盲区，seamless意为无缝的，符合语义，因此选C。8.______isanewcomputingparadigmthatintegratescomputingpowerandnetworkresources,enablingon-demandschedulingofheterogeneouscomputingresourcesacrossdifferentregionsanddomains.A.ComputingPowerNetworkB.CloudComputingC.EdgeComputingD.CentralizedComputing答案：A解析：算力网络（ComputingPowerNetwork,CPN）是我国提出的新一代网络架构，融合算力与网络，实现跨域异构算力按需调度，符合题干描述；云计算、边缘计算、集中式计算均不符合该范式的定义，因此选A。9.The100GPONtechnologyiswidelyusedin5Gmid-haulandback-haulnetworks,PONstandsfor______.A.PassiveOpticalNetworkB.ActiveOpticalNetworkC.PersonalOpticalNetworkD.PublicOpticalNetwork答案：A解析：PON的全称为PassiveOpticalNetwork，即无源光网络，是当前光接入网的主流技术标准，因此选A。10.IntheopenRAN(O-RAN)architecture,theradioaccessnetworkisdecoupledintoradiounits,distributedunitsand______,whichrealizesopeninterfaceandmulti-vendorinteroperability.A.centralizedunitsB.coreunitsC.processingunitsD.storageunits答案：A解析：O-RAN标准架构将接入网解耦为无线单元（RU）、分布单元（DU）、集中单元（CU）三层，通过开放接口实现多厂商互通，因此选A。11.Themaximumbandwidththatcanbeprovidedbyasinglecarrierinthe5GNRmillimeterwavebandis______,whichmeetsthehighbandwidthrequirementof5G-A10Gbpsuserexperiencerate.A.100MHzB.400MHzC.1GHzD.2GHz答案：C解析：5GNR毫米波频段标准单载波最大带宽为1GHz，能够支撑5G-A10Gbps的体验速率要求，因此选C。12.Whichofthefollowingisnotakeyapplicationscenarioof6GdefinedbyIMT-2030PromotionGroup?______A.immersivecommunicationB.globalseamlesscoverageC.intelligentinterconnectedeverythingD.high-speedintercontinentalbroadbandaccess答案：D解析：IMT-2030推进组定义的6G核心应用场景包括沉浸式通信、全域覆盖、智联万物、高保真全息通讯等，高速洲际宽带接入并非6G定位的核心场景，因此选D。13.The______technologyrealizestheaggregationofmultipleindependentfrequencybandsintoacontinuouslargebandwidthtoimprovetheoveralltransmissionrateofthesystem.A.carrieraggregationB.frequencyreuseC.powercontrolD.channelcoding答案：A解析：载波聚合（carrieraggregation）技术通过聚合多个分散频段获得更大连续带宽，提升系统传输速率，符合题干描述，因此选A。14.IntheInternetofThings,______isalow-powerwide-areanetworkcommunicationtechnologythatsupportslong-distancetransmissionofsmalldatawithultra-lowpowerconsumption.A.NB-IoTB.WiFi6C.5GeMBBD.Bluetooth答案：A解析：窄带物联网（NB-IoT）是典型的低功耗广域物联网技术，面向小数据量、低功耗、广覆盖的物联网应用，符合题干描述，因此选A。15.Accordingtothe2025MinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnologyofficialstatistics,thetotalsizeofChina’scomputingpowerhasranked______intheworld.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth答案：B解析：截至2024年底我国总算力规模达到180EFLOPS，位居全球第二，仅次于美国，2025年官方统计仍保持该排名，因此选B。16.The______codingschemeisadoptedby5GNRasthecontrolchannelcodingstandard,whichhasbettererrorcorrectionperformancethanthepreviouscodingschemesin4G.A.PolarB.LDPCC.TurboD.convolutional答案：A解析：5GNR标准中控制信道采用Polar码编码，业务信道采用LDPC码，符合题干要求，因此选A。17.Inedgecomputingarchitecture,computingresourcesaredeployed______theusertoreduceservicelatencyandreducebackhaulbandwidthconsumption.A.closertoB.fartherawayfromC.centralizedawayfromD.independentof答案：A解析：边缘计算的核心设计逻辑是将算力部署在靠近用户/数据源的网络边缘，降低业务端到端时延，符合题干描述，因此选A。18.Thenewgenerationofopticalcommunicationtechnologybasedon______canachieveatransmissionrateofmorethan1Tbpsperfibercore,whichmeetsthedemandofexplosivegrowthofbackbonenetworktrafficin2025.A.single-modefiberB.multi-modefiberC.spacedivisionmultiplexingD.timedivisionmultiplexing答案：C解析：空分复用（SDM）技术通过多芯光纤、少模光纤等方式提升单根光纤的传输容量，可实现单纤1Tbps以上的传输速率，支撑骨干网流量增长需求，因此选C。19.______isanauthenticationprotocolusedin5Gcorenetworktoachieveend-to-endsecurityprotectionofuseridentityanddata.A.5GAKAB.SSLC.TLSD.IPSec答案：A解析：5G认证与密钥协商协议（5GAKA）是5G核心网用于用户身份认证和密钥协商的专用协议，实现用户数据的端到端安全保护，因此选A。20.Thecoverageradiusofatypical5Gmacrobasestationinthe1.8GHzfrequencybandinurbanscenariosisabout______.A.100-300metersB.500meters-2kilometersC.5-10kilometersD.10-20kilometers答案：B解析：1.8GHz属于中低频段，典型5G宏基站在城区场景的覆盖半径为500米到2千米，郊区场景可延伸至3千米，因此B选项符合行业通用统计标准，因此选B。二、阅读理解（本部分共3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道小题，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从每题给出的四个选项中选出最佳答案。Passage1In2025,Chinahascompletedthelarge-scalecommercialdeploymentof5G-Advanced(5G-A)networks,withmorethan1.2million5G-Abasestationsbuiltbytheendofthefirsthalfoftheyear.Comparedwiththeinitialcommercial5G,5G-Aachievesthreecoreperformanceleaps:10Gbpsdownlinkuserexperiencerate,1Gbpsuplinkuserexperiencerate,and1msend-to-endlatency.Themosteye-catchingtechnologicalbreakthroughof5G-Aisthecommercializationofcommunication-sensingintegration(CSIT).Differentfromthetraditionalmodethatcommunicationandsensingaretwoindependentfunctionsdeployedonseparatehardware,5G-Aintegratescommunicationandsensingonthesamespectrumandsamehardwareplatform,whichnotonlysavesspectrumresourcesandhardwarecosts,butalsoopensupalargenumberofnewapplicationscenarios.Insmartportscenarios,5G-Acommunication-sensingintegrationcanachieve30cm-levelpositioningofallcontainersandtrucksintheportwithoutaddingalargenumberofextrasensingdevices,reducingthecostofintelligenttransformationofportsbymorethan40%comparedwiththetraditionalsolutionthatreliesonlaserradar.Inthefieldoflow-altitudedronemanagement,5G-ACSITcandetectandtrackalllow-altitudeflyingobjectswithinaradiusof10kilometersofthebasestation,realizingnon-blindzonemanagementoflow-altitudeairspacewithouttheneedtodeployspecialradarfacilities.Intheautonomousdrivingscenario,5G-ACSITcanprovideroadsideauxiliaryperceptionforconnectedvehicles,helpingvehiclesidentifyoccludedobstaclesthatcannotbedetectedbyon-boardsensors,effectivelyimprovingthesafetyofautonomousdriving.AccordingtotheforecastofChinaAcademyofInformationandCommunicationsTechnology,bytheendof2026,thenumberof5G-AusersinChinawillexceed300million,andtheoutputvalueofrelatedindustriesdrivenby5G-ACSITwillexceed200billionyuan.1.Whatisthecoretechnologicalbreakthroughof5G-Acommercialdeploymentin2025mentionedinthepassage?A.10GbpsdownlinkrateB.1msend-to-endlatencyC.commercializationofcommunication-sensingintegrationD.1Gbpsuplinkrate答案：C解析：根据原文第一段“Themosteye-catchingtechnologicalbreakthroughof5G-Aisthecommercializationofcommunication-sensingintegration(CSIT)”可知，核心技术突破是通感一体的商用，因此选C，其余选项为5G-A的通用性能提升，并非题干提问的核心突破性成果。2.Comparedwiththetraditionalseparationmodeofcommunicationandsensing,whatisthecoreadvantageof5G-Aintegratedmode?A.itreducesspectrumefficiencyB.itsavesspectrumresourcesandhardwarecostsC.itrequiresmorehardwaredeploymentD.itcannotsupportnewapplicationscenarios答案：B解析：根据原文第一段“whichnotonlysavesspectrumresourcesandhardwarecosts,butalsoopensupalargenumberofnewapplicationscenarios”可知，B选项符合原文描述，因此选B。3.Inthesmartportscenario,howmuchcostcanbereducedby5G-ACSITcomparedwithtraditionallidar-basedsolutions?A.morethan20%B.morethan30%C.morethan40%D.morethan50%答案：C解析：原文第二段明确提到“reducingthecostofintelligenttransformationofportsbymorethan40%comparedwiththetraditionalsolutionthatreliesonlaserradar”，因此选C。4.Whatcan5G-ACSITdoinlow-altitudedronemanagementaccordingtothepassage?A.itcanprovidehigh-speednetworkaccessfordronesB.itcandetectandtracklow-altitudeflyingobjectswithin10kmofthebasestationC.itcancontroltheflightrouteofdronesD.itcanimprovethebatterylifeofdrones答案：B解析：根据原文第二段“5G-ACSITcandetectandtrackalllow-altitudeflyingobjectswithinaradiusof10kilometersofthebasestation,realizingnon-blindzonemanagementoflow-altitudeairspace”可知，B选项符合原文内容，因此选B。5.AccordingtotheforecastofCAICT,whatwillbetheoutputvalueof5G-ACSITrelatedindustriesbytheendof2026?A.exceed100billionyuanB.exceed200billionyuanC.exceed300billionyuanD.exceed500billionyuan答案：B解析：原文最后一段明确提到“theoutputvalueofrelatedindustriesdrivenby5G-ACSITwillexceed200billionyuan”，因此选B。Passage2ReconfigurableIntelligentSurface(RIS),alsoknownasintelligentreflectingsurface,isrecognizedasoneofthemostpromisingkeytechnologiesfor6G.RISisaman-madethinsurfacecomposedofalargenumberoflow-costpassivereflectiveunits,eachofwhichcanadjustthephaseofthereflectedelectromagneticwaveindependently.Bycoordinatingthephaseofallunits,RIScancontrolthepropagationdirectionofelectromagneticwaves,changethedistributionofelectromagneticfieldsinspace,andevenreshapethewirelesspropagationenvironment,whichisasubversivechangetothetraditionalwirelesscommunicationtheorythatcanonlyadapttothenaturalpropagationenvironment.Comparedwithtraditionalactiverelayandantennaarraytechnology,RIShastwocoreadvantages:lowenergyconsumptionandlowcost.BecauseallunitsofRISarepassivereflection,itdoesnotneedanactiveradiofrequencytransmitchain,onlyasmallamountofenergyisconsumedtoadjusttheunitphase,andtheoverallenergyconsumptionislessthan1%ofthatofthetraditionalactiverelay.Intermsofcost,atypical100-unitRIScostsabout$500,whichismuchlowerthanthecostofatraditionalbasestationactiveantennaarraythatcoststensofthousandsofdollars.In2025,China’s6GtestgroupcompletedthefirstfieldtrialofRIS-assisted6Gcoverageinadenseurbanarea.ThetestresultsshowthatafterdeployingRISontheexternalwallofahigh-risebuilding,thesignalstrengthoftheblindareabehindthebuildingcanbeimprovedbymorethan20dB,andtheaveragedownlinkratecanbeincreasedby15times,whiletheenergyconsumptionofthewholesystemisonlyincreasedby5%.Accordingtotheresearchteam,RISwillbefirstappliedtothecoveragecompensationofurbanblindareasandhigh-speedrailwaytunnelsintheearlystageof6Gcommercialization,andisexpectedtoachievelarge-scaledeploymentaround2030.1.Whatisareconfigurableintelligentsurfacemadeof?A.alargenumberofactiveradiofrequencyunitsB.alargenumberoflow-costpassivereflectiveunitsC.atraditionalantennaarrayD.asetofactiverelaydevices答案：B解析：原文第一段明确提到“RISisaman-madethinsurfacecomposedofalargenumberoflow-costpassivereflectiveunits”，因此选B。2.WhatisthesubversivechangethatRISbringstotraditionalwirelesscommunicationtheory?A.itcanincreasethecostofbasestationdeploymentB.itcanonlyadapttothenaturalpropagationenvironmentC.itcanreshapethewirelesspropagationenvironmentD.itcanreducethespectrumefficiencyofthesystem答案：C解析：根据原文第一段“andevenreshapethewirelesspropagationenvironment,whichisasubversivechangetothetraditionalwirelesscommunicationtheorythatcanonlyadapttothenaturalpropagationenvironment”可知，C选项符合描述，因此选C。3.WhatisthecoreadvantageofRIScomparedwithtraditionalactiverelaytechnology?A.highenergyconsumptionandhighcostB.lowenergyconsumptionandlowcostC.highenergyconsumptionandlowcostD.lowenergyconsumptionandhighcost答案：B解析：原文第二段第一句“Comparedwithtraditionalactiverelayandantennaarraytechnology,RIShastwocoreadvantages:lowenergyconsumptionandlowcost”，因此选B。4.WhatistheimprovementofsignalstrengthinthecoverageblindareaafterdeployingRISinthe2025fieldtrial?A.morethan10dBB.morethan15dBC.morethan20dBD.morethan25dB答案：C解析：原文第三段明确提到“ThetestresultsshowthatafterdeployingRISontheexternalwallofahigh-risebuilding,thesignalstrengthoftheblindareabehindthebuildingcanbeimprovedbymorethan20dB”，因此选C。5.WhenisRISexpectedtoachievelarge-scalecommercialdeploymentaccordingtothepassage?A.2025B.2026C.2028D.around2030答案：D解析：原文最后一句“andisexpectedtoachievelarge-scaledeploymentaround2030”，因此选D。Passage3China’scomputingpowernetworkconstructionhasachievedphasedresultsin2025,withtheconstructionofeightnationalcomputinghubnodescompletedasawhole,andtheframeworkofthenationalintegratedbigdatacentersystembasicallyformed.AccordingtothedatareleasedbytheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionin2025,thetotalcomputingpoweroftheeighthubnodeshasaccountedformorethan85%ofthecountry’stotalcomputingpower,andtheutilizationrateofcomputingresourcesinthewesternhubnodeshasincreasedfrom35%in2022to58%in2025.Thecorevalueofthecomputingpowernetworkistorealizeon-demandschedulingofheterogeneouscomputingresourcesacrossregions.Foralongtime,China’scomputingpowerdistributionhasbeenuneven:70%ofthecomputingdemandisconcentratedintheeasternregion,while60%oftheidlecomputingresourcesaredistributedinthewesternregion,whichhasabundantcleanenergyandlowlandandenergycosts.Thecomputingpowernetworkconnectsscatteredcomputingresourcesintheeastandwestthroughhigh-speedfiberopticbackbonenetworks,andmatchescomputingdemandwithcomputingresourcesthroughintelligentschedulingalgorithms.Accordingtostatistics,afterthedeploymentofthenationalcomputingpowernetwork,theaveragecostofcomputingservicesacrossthecountryhasdecreasedby18%,andtheaveragelatencyofcross-regionalcomputingtaskshasdecreasedby32%.Lookingforwardtothefuture,by2030,Chinaisexpectedtobuildaworld-classintegratedcomputingpowernetworkwithubiquitousinterconnection,agilescheduling,intelligentcoordination,andgreenlow-carbon,whichwillprovidesolidcomputingsupportforthehigh-qualitydevelopmentofthedigitaleconomy.1.WhatistheproportionoftotalcomputingpoweroftheeightnationalcomputinghubnodesinChina’stotalcomputingpowerby2025?A.morethan65%B.morethan75%C.morethan85%D.morethan95%答案：C解析：原文第一段明确提到“thetotalcomputingpoweroftheeighthubnodeshasaccountedformorethan85%ofthecountry’stotalcomputingpower”，因此选C。2.Whatistheutilizationrateofcomputingresourcesinwesternhubnodesin2025?A.35%B.48%C.58%D.68%答案：C解析：原文第一段提到“theutilizationrateofcomputingresourcesinthewesternhubnodeshasincreasedfrom35%in2022to58%in2025”，因此选C。3.Whatisthecorevalueofthecomputingpowernetwork?A.centralizeddeploymentofallcomputingresourcesB.on-demandschedulingofheterogeneouscross-regionalcomputingresourcesC.improvingthecostofcomputingservicesD.increasingthelatencyofcomputingtasks答案：B解析：原文第二段第一句“Thecorevalueofthecomputingpowernetworkistorealizeon-demandschedulingofheterogeneouscomputingresourcesacrossregions”，因此选B。4.WhatistheproportionofChina’scomputingdemandconcentratedintheeasternregionmentionedinthepassage?A.50%B.60%C.70%D.80%答案：C解析：原文第二段“Foralongtime,China’scomputingpowerdistributionhasbeenuneven:70%ofthecomputingdemandisconcentratedintheeasternregion”，因此选C。5.Howmuchhastheaveragecostofnationalcomputingservicesdecreasedafterthedeploymentofthenationalcomputingpowernetwork?A.8%B.18%C.28%D.32%答案：B解析：原文第二段最后“Accordingtostatistics,afterthedeploymentofthenationalcomputingpowernetwork,theaveragecostofcomputingservicesacrossthecountryhasdecreasedby18%,andtheaveragelatencyofcross-regionalcomputingtaskshasdecreasedby32%”，因此选B。三、英汉互译（本部分共2小题，第1题25分，第2题25分，共50分）1.英译汉In2025,theintegrationofground5G-A/6Gandlow-earthorbitsatellitecommunicationhasbecomeanimportantdevelopmentdirectionofthenextgenerationmobilecommunicationnetwork.Theintegratednetworkofgroundandsatellitecanmakeupfortheshortageofgroundnetworkcoverageinremoteareas,oceanandotherregions,andprovideuserswithcontinuousandre