英语一期中试卷（2026考研全国统考·真题逐题精讲）

英语一期中试卷（2026考研全国统考·真题逐题精讲）一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1.Thelocalmuseumiscurrentlyhostinganexhibitionofmodernart,featuringworksbyseveralrenownedcontemporarypainters.Thecuratorhashighlightedtheinnovativeuseofcolorandforminthesepieces,notinghowtheyoftenchallengetraditionalartisticconventions.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainsamisplacedmodifier?A.Theuseofcolorandforminthesepieces,byseveralrenownedcontemporarypainters,isparticularlystriking.B.Severalrenownedcontemporarypaintershavefeaturedtheinnovativeuseofcolorandformintheirworks.C.Byseveralrenownedcontemporarypainters,theinnovativeuseofcolorandforminthesepieceschallengestraditionalartisticconventions.D.Theexhibitionofmodernart,featuringworksbyseveralrenownedcontemporarypainters,hasattractedsignificantattentionfromcriticsandvisitorsalike.2.Intheacademicjournalarticle"TheImpactofClimateChangeonCoastalEcosystems,"theauthorsarguethatrisingsealevelsandincreasedstormfrequencyareleadingtothedegradationofmangroveforests.Thestudyprovidesempiricalevidencethroughfieldobservationsandsatelliteimagery,demonstratinghowtheseecosystemsareadapting—orfailingtoadapt—toenvironmentalstressors.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Tosummarizethefindingsofascientificstudyoncoastalecosystems.B.Topersuadereaderstotakeactionagainstclimatechange.C.Tointroduceanewresearchmethodforstudyingmangroveforests.D.Tocritiquethemethodologyusedinpreviousstudiesonclimatechange.3.Thecompany'sannualreportstatesthatitsrevenuehasincreasedby15%overthepastfiscalyear,largelyduetothesuccessfullaunchofanewproductline.However,thereportalsonotesthatoperatingcostshaverisenby20%,whichmayoffsetsomeofthegains.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"largelydueto"indicateabouttherelationshipbetweenthenewproductlineandrevenuegrowth?A.Thenewproductlineisthesolereasonfortherevenueincrease.B.Thenewproductlineisasignificantfactor,butotherfactorsmayhavecontributedaswell.C.Thenewproductlinehashadaminimalimpactontherevenuegrowth.D.Thenewproductlinehasledtoadecreaseinoperatingcosts.4.Thesentence"Despitetheheavyrain,thechildrencontinuedtoplaysoccerinthemuddyfield"containsapairofcontrastingideas.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsapairofcontrastingideas?A.Theteacherpraisedthestudentforherexcellentperformanceontheexam.B.Theoldhouseneededrepairs,butthenewownerwaswillingtoinvestinitsrestoration.C.Therestaurantwascrowded,andthewaitstaffwasoverwhelmedwithorders.D.Thelaptopbatterylastedforseveralhours,makingitareliabledeviceforlongtrips.5.In"TheGreatGatsby,"F.ScottFitzgeraldusesthegreenlightattheendofDaisy'sdockasasymbolofGatsby'sunattainabledreams.Whatistheeffectofthissymbolonthereader?A.ItcreatesasenseofmysteryandintrigueaboutGatsby'scharacter.B.Ithighlightsthethemeofwealthandmaterialisminthenovel.C.Itunderscorestheideathatdreamsareoftenoutofreach.D.Itforeshadowsthetragicendingofthestory.6.Thepassagediscussestheroleofsocialmediainmoderncommunication,notinghowplatformslikeFacebookandTwitterhavetransformedthewaypeopleshareinformationandinteractwithoneanother.However,italsocriticizesthespreadofmisinformationontheseplatforms.Whatistheauthor'stonetowardsocialmedia?A.IndifferentB.SupportiveC.CautiousD.Sarcastic7.Thechemicalequation\(\text{2H}_2+\text{O}_2\rightarrow\text{2H}_2\text{O}\)representsthecombustionofhydrogengas.Whatisthebalancedstateofthisreaction?A.Thereactantsandproductsareinequalamounts.B.Thenumberofhydrogenatomsisgreaterthanthenumberofoxygenatomsintheproducts.C.Theequationisnotbalancedbecausetherearemoreoxygenatomsontheleftside.D.Theequationisbalanced,withtwomoleculesofhydrogenandonemoleculeofoxygenonbothsides.8.Thepassagedescribestheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants,explaininghowtheyconvertsunlight,water,andcarbondioxideintoglucoseandoxygen.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutphotosynthesis?A.Itoccursonlyinanimals,notinplants.B.Itrequiressunlightbutdoesnotproduceoxygen.C.Itconvertscarbondioxideintoglucosewithoutusingwater.D.Itistheprocessbywhichplantsproduceenergy.9.Thepassagediscussestheeconomicimpactoftourismonasmallcoastaltown,notingthatwhileithasbroughtincreasedrevenue,ithasalsoledtohigherpricesforlocalresidents.Whatisthemainargumentofthepassage?A.Tourismhashadnosignificantimpactonthetown'seconomy.B.Tourismhasimprovedthetown'sinfrastructurebutincreasedlivingcosts.C.Tourismhasledtoadeclineinthetown'spopulation.D.Tourismhascausedenvironmentaldegradationinthecoastalarea.10.Thesentence"Theoldbook,withitswornpagesandfadedcover,wasatreasuretothecollector"containsarestrictiveclause.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsarestrictiveclause?A.Thehouse,whichwasbuiltin1920,isnowahistoricallandmark.B.Thestudent,whostudiedlateeverynight,passedtheexamwithflyingcolors.C.Thedog,withoutitsleash,ranfreelythroughthepark.D.Therestaurant,whosefoodwasdelicious,wascrowdedeveryevening.11.Thepassagediscussestheimportanceofpropernutritionforathletes,notingthatabalanceddietcanimproveperformanceandrecovery.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?A.Athletesshouldconsumeonlyhigh-caloriefoodstoenhancetheirenergy.B.Proteinisthemostimportantnutrientforathletes.C.Abalanceddietincludescarbohydrates,proteins,andfatsinappropriateproportions.D.Athletesdonotneedtoworryabouttheirdietaslongastheyexerciseregularly.12.Thesentence"Theteam,despiteitslackofexperience,performedexceptionallywellinthechampionshipgame"containsaconcessiveclause.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsaconcessiveclause?A.Therunner,althoughshetrainedhard,didnotwintherace.B.Thebook,whichwasdifficulttoread,wasveryinformative.C.Themovie,despiteitshighboxofficesuccess,receivedmixedreviews.D.Thestudent,whowasabsentyesterday,submittedherassignmentontime.13.Thepassagediscussestheeffectsofglobalwarmingonpolaricecaps,notingthatthemeltingicehasledtorisingsealevelsandincreasedcoastalerosion.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisadirectconsequenceofthemeltingicecaps?A.Thepolarregionshavebecomewarmer.B.Theocean'ssalinityhasdecreased.C.Coastalcommunitieshavefacedincreasedflooding.D.Theglobaltemperaturehasremainedstable.14.Thesentence"Thescientist,whohadbeenresearchingthevirusforyears,finallymadeabreakthroughinitstreatment"containsanon-restrictiveclause.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsanon-restrictiveclause?A.Thepatient,whosesymptomsweresevere,wasadmittedtothehospital.B.Thecar,whichwasred,wasparkedoutsidethebuilding.C.Theteacher,whotaughtfor30years,retiredlastmonth.D.Thebook,althoughitwasexpensive,wasworththeinvestment.15.Thepassagediscussestheroleoftechnologyineducation,notinghowonlinelearningplatformshavemadeeducationmoreaccessible.However,italsohighlightsthechallengesofmaintainingengagementinvirtualclassrooms.Whatisthemainconcernraisedbytheauthor?A.Thehighcostofonlinelearningplatforms.B.Thelackofpersonalinteractioninvirtualclassrooms.C.Thelimitednumberofcoursesavailableonline.D.Theslowinternetspeedsinruralareas.16.Thesentence"Theoldclock,whichhadbeeninthefamilyforgenerations,stoppedtickingonemorning"containsanon-restrictiveclause.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsanon-restrictiveclause?A.Thedog,whowasbarkingloudly,wastryingtoprotectthehouse.B.Thebook,althoughitwasboring,wasrequiredreadingforthecourse.C.Thestudent,whosegradeswereexcellent,wonthescholarship.D.Therestaurant,whichwasfamousforitspizza,wasalwayscrowded.17.Thepassagediscussestheimportanceofwaterconservation,notingthatreducingwaterusagecanhelpprotecttheenvironment.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisadirectresultofwaterconservationefforts?A.Thewaterlevelinreservoirshasdecreased.B.Thecostofwaterhasincreased.C.Theavailabilityofcleanwaterhasimproved.D.Thenumberofwater-relatedaccidentshasrisen.18.Thesentence"Theathlete,despitehisexhaustion,finishedtheraceinfirstplace"containsaconcessiveclause.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsaconcessiveclause?A.Therunner,whohadtrainedformonths,feltconfidentaboutthecompetition.B.Theteam,althoughitwassmall,wasdeterminedtowin.C.Thebook,whichwaswell-written,wasnotverypopular.D.Thestudent,whowasabsent,submittedherassignmentlate.19.Thepassagediscussestheeffectsofdeforestationonbiodiversity,notingthatthelossoftreeshasledtotheextinctionofmanyspecies.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisadirectconsequenceofdeforestation?A.Thesoilhasbecomemorefertile.B.Thenumberoftreeshasincreased.C.Thelocalclimatehasbecomemoreextreme.D.Theforesthasbecomemoredense.20.Thesentence"Theoldhouse,whichhadbeenabandonedforyears,wasstillstandingdespitethestorm"containsanon-restrictiveclause.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsanon-restrictiveclause?A.Thecar,whowasred,wasparkedoutsidethebuilding.B.Thebook,althoughitwasexpensive,wasworththeinvestment.C.Thestudent,whosegradeswereexcellent,wonthescholarship.D.Therestaurant,whichwasfamousforitspizza,wasalwayscrowded.二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainsanadverbialphrase?A.Thechildrenplayedhappilyinthepark.B.Shequicklyfinishedherhomework.C.Thedogbarkedloudlylastnight.D.Theteacherexplainedtheconceptclearly.2.Thepassagediscussestheroleofsocialmediainmoderncommunication,notinghowplatformslikeFacebookandTwitterhavetransformedthewaypeopleshareinformationandinteractwithoneanother.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthepassage?A.Thepassageiswritteninapersuasivetone.B.Thepassageprovidesevidencetosupportitsclaims.C.Thepassageiswritteninanarrativestyle.D.Thepassagefocusesonthenegativeaspectsofsocialmedia.3.Thechemicalequation\(\text{NaOH}+\text{HCl}\rightarrow\text{NaCl}+\text{H}_2\text{O}\)representsaneutralizationreaction.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthisreaction?A.Itproducesasaltandwater.B.Itrequiresheattoproceed.C.Itoccursonlyinacidicsolutions.D.Itisanexampleofasynthesisreaction.4.Thepassagedescribestheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants,explaininghowtheyconvertsunlight,water,andcarbondioxideintoglucoseandoxygen.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutphotosynthesis?A.Itoccursinthemitochondriaofplantcells.B.Itrequiressunlightasanenergysource.C.Itproducesoxygenasabyproduct.D.Itoccursonlyinaquaticenvironments.5.Thepassagediscussestheeconomicimpactoftourismonasmallcoastaltown,notingthatwhileithasbroughtincreasedrevenue,ithasalsoledtohigherpricesforlocalresidents.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthepassage?A.Thepassageiswritteninaneutraltone.B.Thepassageprovidesstatisticstosupportitsclaims.C.Thepassageiswritteninadescriptivestyle.D.Thepassagefocusesonthepositiveaspectsoftourism.6.Thesentence"Theoldbook,withitswornpagesandfadedcover,wasatreasuretothecollector"containsaparticipialphrase.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsaparticipialphrase?A.Thedog,whowasbarkingloudly,wastryingtoprotectthehouse.B.Therunner,althoughshetrainedhard,didnotwintherace.C.Thebook,whichwasdifficulttoread,wasveryinformative.D.Theathlete,despitehisexhaustion,finishedtheraceinfirstplace.7.Thepassagediscussestheeffectsofglobalwarmingonpolaricecaps,notingthatthemeltingicehasledtorisingsealevelsandincreasedcoastalerosion.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthepassage?A.Thepassageiswritteninascientificstyle.B.Thepassageprovidesevidencetosupportitsclaims.C.Thepassageiswritteninapersuasivetone.D.Thepassagefocusesontheeconomicimpactofglobalwarming.8.Thesentence"Thescientist,whohadbeenresearchingthevirusforyears,finallymadeabreakthroughinitstreatment"containsarelativeclause.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsarelativeclause?A.Thepatient,whosesymptomsweresevere,wasadmittedtothehospital.B.Thecar,whichwasred,wasparkedoutsidethebuilding.C.Theteacher,whotaughtfor30years,retiredlastmonth.D.Thebook,althoughitwasexpensive,wasworththeinvestment.9.Thepassagediscussestheroleoftechnologyineducation,notinghowonlinelearningplatformshavemadeeducationmoreaccessible.However,italsohighlightsthechallengesofmaintainingengagementinvirtualclassrooms.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthepassage?A.Thepassageiswritteninacriticaltone.B.Thepassageprovidessolutionstothechallengesmentioned.C.Thepassageiswritteninadescriptivestyle.D.Thepassagefocusesonthebenefitsofonlinelearning.10.Thesentence"Theoldclock,whichhadbeeninthefamilyforgenerations,stoppedtickingonemorning"containsanon-restrictiveclause.Whichofthefollowingsentencesalsocontainsanon-restrictiveclause?A.Thedog,whowasbarkingloudly,wastryingtoprotectthehouse.B.Thebook,althoughitwasboring,wasrequiredreadingforthecourse.C.Thestudent,whosegradeswereexcellent,wonthescholarship.D.Therestaurant,whichwasfamousforitspizza,wasalwayscrowded.三、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1.Thesentence"Thedog,__________,wastryingtoprotectthehouse"containsanon-restrictiveclause.2.Thepassagediscussestheeffectsofglobalwarmingonpolaricecaps,notingthatthemeltingicehasledto__________and__________.3.Thesentence"Theoldbook,__________,wasatreasuretothecollector"containsaparticipialphrase.4.Thechemicalequation\(\text{2H}_2+\text{O}_2\rightarrow\text{2H}_2\text{O}\)representsthe__________ofhydrogengas.5.Thepassagediscussestheimportanceofpropernutritionforathletes,notingthatabalanceddietcan__________and__________.6.Thesentence"Theteam,__________,performedexceptionallywellinthechampionshipgame"containsaconcessiveclause.7.Thepassagediscussestheroleoftechnologyineducation,notinghowonlinelearningplatformshave__________educationmoreaccessible.8.Thesentence"Theoldclock,__________,stoppedtickingonemorning"containsanon-restrictiveclause.9.Thepassagediscussestheeconomicimpactoftourismonasmallcoastaltown,notingthatwhileithasbrought__________,ithasalsoledto__________.10.Thesentence"Theathlete,__________,finishedtheraceinfirstplace"containsaconcessiveclause.四、简答题（本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenarestrictiveandanon-restrictiveclause?Provideanexampleofeach.2.Explaintheroleofadverbialphrasesinasentence.Provideanexample.3.Describetheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants.Whatarethemainreactantsandproducts?4.Discusstheeconomicimpactoftourismonasmallcoastaltown.Whatarethebenefitsanddrawbacks?5.Explaintheconceptofaneutralizationreactioninchemistry.Provideanexample.五、应用/案例分析题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）1.Thepassagediscussestheeffectsofglobalwarmingonpolaricecaps,notingthatthemeltingicehasledtorisingsealevelsandincreasedcoastalerosion.Theauthorarguesthatthesechangesposeasignificantthreattocoastalcommunities.a.Whatisthemainargumentofthepassage?b.Provideevidencefromthepassagetosupporttheauthor'sclaim.c.Whatarethepotentialconsequencesofrisingsealevelsforcoastalcommunities?2.Thepassagedescribestheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants,explaininghowtheyconvertsunlight,water,andcarbondioxideintoglucoseandoxygen.TheauthornotesthatphotosynthesisisessentialforlifeonEarth.a.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?b.Describetheprocessofphotosynthesisindetail.c.Whyisphotosynthesisimportantfortheenvironment?六、写作题（本大题共1小题，共10分）Writeashortessay(approximately150words)onthetopic:"TheRoleofTechnologyinModernEducation."Discusshowtechnologyhastransformedthewaywelearnandthechallengesithasbrought.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C解析：Thephrase"Byseveralrenownedcontemporarypainters"ismisplacedbecauseitmodifies"theuseofcolorandform,"whichisnottheintendedmeaning.Thecorrectplacementshouldbe"Severalrenownedcontemporarypaintershaveusedinnovativecolorandformintheirworks."2.A解析：Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistosummarizethefindingsofthescientificstudy.Thepassageprovidesempiricalevidenceanddiscussestheeffectsofclimatechangeoncoastalecosystemswithouttryingtopersuadereadersorintroducenewmethods.3.B解析："Largelydueto"indicatesthatthenewproductlineisasignificantfactorbutnotthesolereasonfortherevenueincrease.Thepassageimpliesthatotherfactorsmayhavecontributedaswell.4.B解析："Theoldhouseneededrepairs,butthenewownerwaswillingtoinvestinitsrestoration"containsapairofcontrastingideas("neededrepairs"vs."willingtoinvest").Theothersentencesdonotpresentcontrastingideas.5.C解析：ThegreenlightsymbolizesGatsby'sunattainabledreams,underscoringthethemethatdreamsareoftenoutofreach.Thesymboldoesnotcreatemystery,highlightwealth,orforeshadowtheending.6.C解析：Theauthor'stoneiscautious,notingboththebenefitsanddrawbacksofsocialmedia.Thepassagedoesnotexpressindifference,support,orsarcasm.7.D解析：Theequationisbalancedwithtwomoleculesofhydrogenandonemoleculeofoxygenonbothsides.Theotherstatementsareincorrect.8.D解析：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsproduceenergy.Theotherstatementsareincorrect.9.B解析：Tourismhasimprovedthetown'sinfrastructurebutincreasedlivingcosts.Thepassagedoesnotmentionnoimpact,adeclineinpopulation,orenvironmentaldegradation.10.A解析："Thehouse,whichwasbuiltin1920,isnowahistoricallandmark"containsarestrictiveclause.Theothersentencesdonotcontainrestrictiveclauses.11.C解析：Abalanceddietincludescarbohydrates,proteins,andfatsinappropriateproportions.Thepassagesupportsthisstatement.12.B解析："Thebook,whichwasdifficulttoread,wasveryinformative"containsaconcessiveclause.Theothersentencesdonotcontainconcessiveclauses.13.C解析：Thedirectconsequenceofmeltingicecapsisincreasedfloodingincoastalcommunities.Theotherstatementsarenotdirectconsequences.14.B解析："Thecar,whichwasred,wasparkedoutsidethebuilding"containsanon-restrictiveclause.Theothersentencesdonotcontainnon-restrictiveclauses.15.B解析：Themainconcernraisedbytheauthoristhelackofpersonalinteractioninvirtualclassrooms.Thepassagedoesnotfocusonthecost,limitedcourses,orinternetspeeds.16.D解析："Therestaurant,whichwasfamousforitspizza,wasalwayscrowded"containsanon-restrictiveclause.Theothersentencesdonotcontainnon-restrictiveclauses.17.C解析：Reducingwaterusagehasimprovedtheavailabilityofcleanwater.Theotherstatementsarenotdirectresults.18.B解析："Theteam,althoughitwassmall,wasdeterminedtowin"containsaconcessiveclause.Theothersentencesdonotcontainconcessiveclauses.19.C解析：Thedirectconsequenceofdeforestationismoreextremelocalclimateconditions.Theotherstatementsareincorrect.20.D解析："Therestaurant,whichwasfamousforitspizza,wasalwayscrowded"containsanon-restrictiveclause.Theothersentencesdonotcontainnon-restrictiveclauses.二、多项选择题1.A,B,C解析：Thesentences"Thechildrenplayedhappilyinthepark,""Shequicklyfinishedherhomework,"and"Thedogbarkedloudlylastnight"allcontainadverbialphrases.2.A,B解析：Thepassageiswritteninapersuasivetoneandprovidesevidencetosupportitsclaims.Thepassageisnotnarrativeorfocusedonthenegativeaspects.3.A解析：Theneutralizationreactionproducesasaltandwater.Theotherstatementsareincorrect.4.B,C解析：Photosynthesisrequiressunlightandproducesoxygen.Theotherstatementsareincorrect.5.A,B,C解析：Thepassageiswritteninaneutraltone,providesstatistics,andisdescriptive.Thepassagedoesnotfocusonthepositiveaspects.6.A,D解析："Thedog,whowasbarkingloudly,wastryingtoprotectthehouse"and"Theathlete,despitehisexhaustion,finishedtheraceinfirstplace"containparticipialphrases.7.A,B解析：Thepassageiswritteninascientificstyleandprovidesevidencetosupportitsclaims.Thepassageisnotpersuasiveorfocusedontheeconomicimpact.8.A,B,C解析："Thepatient,whosesymptomsweresevere,wasadmittedtothehospital,""Thecar,whichwasred,wasparkedoutsidethebuilding,"and"Theteacher,whotaughtfor30years,retiredlastmonth"allcontainrelativeclauses.9.A,C解析：Thepassageiswritteninacriticaltoneandisdescriptive.Thepassagedoesnotprovidesolutionsorfocusonthebenefits.10.A,B,C解析："Thedog,whowasbarkingloudly,wastryingtoprotectthehouse,""Thebook,althoughitwasboring,wasrequiredreadingforthecourse,"and"Thestudent,whosegradeswereexcellent,wonthescholarship"allcontainnon-restrictiveclauses.三、填空题1.whowasbarkingloudly2.risingsealevels,increasedcoastalerosion3.withitswornpagesandfadedcover4.combustion5.improve,recover6.althoughitwassmall7.madeeducationmoreaccessible8.whichhadbeeninthefamilyforgenerations9.increasedrevenue,higherpricesforlocalresidents10.despitehisexhaustion四、简答题1.Arestrictiveclauseisessentialtothemeaningofthenounitmodifies,whileanon-restrictiveclauseprovidesadditionalbutnon-essentialinformation.Exampleofarestrictiveclause:"Thebookthatwasonthetablewashers."Exampleofanon-restrictiveclause:"Thebook,whichwasonthetable,washers."2.Adverbialphrasesmodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs,providinginformationabouttime,plac