2025年美国Z世代财务健康观察报告 A Window into Gen Zs Financial Health 2025

AWindowinto

GenZ'sFinancialHealth

2025

BANKOFAMERICA

BetterMoneyHabits

Since2021,theBetterMoneyHabisteamhassurveyedadutGenZtobetterundestandthisgeneration'saproachtomoney.The2025BeterMoneyHabitsstudybuilds

onpreviousreportsexaminingthefinancialattitudesandbehaviorsofadultGenZ(ages18-28)AmericansandprovidesuswithasnapshtonthestateofGenZ'sfinancial

health.Thesefindingsstrengthenourabilitytomeettheirneedswithresouresandguidancethroughouttheirfinancialjourneys.TheBankofAmericaBetterMoneyHabits

platformconnectspeopleatalllifestages,includingGenZ,torelevanttoolsandresourcesthathelpbuildfinancialknow-howandimproveAmericans'financialhealth.

OurGenZFinancialGuidebreaksdownfinancialopicslikebudgetingbuildingcredit,borowingandinvestinginawaythat'sapproachableandeasytounderstand.

GenZcontinuestofacefinancialbarrierstosuccess

dueprimarilytothehighcostofliving,

whichisalsocausingstress.

Consistentwithpreviousyears,thehighcostoflivingisatopbarriertoGenZ'spursuitoffinancialsuccess.

Overhalf(51%)ofGenZcitedthehighcost

oflivingasatopbarriertofinancialsuccess.

Thisisconsistentwiththelastthreeyears

(52%in2024,53%in2023and50%in2022),

andislowerthanMillennials(66%)

(2024:57%;2023:59%;2022:60%).

Oncetheystartedsupportingthemselves,overa

third(35%)ofGenZreportedthattheirtotalmonthly

spendingishigherthantheyexpectedittobe.

ThisisespeciallytrueforolderGenZ(23-28),as43%said

thattheirtotalmonthlyspendwashigherthanexpected

(comparedto25%ofyoungerGenZages18-22).

GenZindividualswhoreportedhigherthanexpectedmonthlyspending

saidtheseeverydayexpensescostmorethantheyanticipated:

Groceriesandtoiletries

Rent/utilities

Diningout

Tocombatthehighcostofliving,GenZiscuttingbackonexpenses

toimprovetheirfinancialhealth.

Almosttwo-thirds(64%)ofGenZreportedtakingactionduetotherisingcostoflivingoverthepast12months,

whichissimilartolastyear(2024:67%),butslightlylowerthanMillennials(73%)(2024:66%).

41%

2024:

43%

startedshoppingat

amoreaffordable

groerystore

23%

2024:

24%

ofGenZcutbackondiningout

18%

2024:

21%

startedusingabudget

12%

2024:

13%

pickedupasidehustle

MostofGenZ(72%)tookactionoverthelastyearinanefforttoimprovetheirfinancialsituation(2024:67%).

51%

putmoneytowardsavings

2024:47%;

2023:55%;

forward

GenZis-thinking.Fortheupcomingyear,theirtopprioritiesare:

2022:54%

25%

ontributedto

aretirementaount

2024:22%;

2023:22%

2022:21%

24%

paidoffdebt

2024:22%;

2023:18%

202530%

202432%

202331%

202232%

Advancingintheirareerorinreasingtheirsalary

202530%

202430%

202331%;

202231%

Gettinganewjob

202527%

202424%

202326%

202225%

Savingforretirement/thefuture

202527%

202427%

202336%;

202240%

Furtheringtheireduation

3

GenZisstressedaboutfinances,primarilyduetoexternaleconomicfactors,

andstruggletomeettheirfinancialgoals.

Ofthosewhoreportedexperiencingfinancialstress,thetopthreecausesinclude:

52%

40%

36%

Economicinstability

Notmakingefficientprogresstowardtheirfinancialgoals

Insufficientincometocoverbasicneeds

and/orfinancialobligations

AthirdofGenZ

reportedbeing

financiallystressed.

33%

ManyGenZmakehealthychoicestofightfinancialstress,butforsome,

stressleadstoavoidanceorsplurges.

WhenGenZisfeelingstressedabouttheirfinances,many(90%)arelikelytotakeaction:

Checktheirbank

accountbalanceand/or

recentcharges

64%

Makea

budget

46%

Getaheadon

payingbills

42%

Transfermoney

tosavings

FinancialstresscancausesomeGenZ

toavoidtakinganyaction:33%avoid

thinkingaboutortakingactionon

theirfinanceswhenthey'restressed.

Almostathird(30%)reported

thattheyarelikelytotreat

themselvestoapurchasewhen

feelingfinanciallystressed.

withturningthesefinancialprioritiesintohabits.

GenZwantstosave,butstruggleswithconsistency.

→OverhalfofGenZreportedputtingmoneytowardsavingsinthelastyear.

Thisisconsistentwiththelastthreeyears:47%in2024,55%in2023and54%in2022.

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OlderGenZ(23-28)prioritizedsavingmore,with55%contributingtosavingsinthelastyearcomparedwith46%ofyoungerGenZ(18-22).

Thisisconsistentwith2024:50%and44%,respectively.

Overathird(36%)puts

anyleftovermoneythat

theycanintosavings,

butitvariesmonth-to

month(2024:39%).

Only18%ofGenZput

asetpercentageoftheirpaycheckintoasavingsaccountevery

month(2024:15%).

Nearlyathird(29%)

saidtheywouldliketo

savebutdon'tmakeenoughmoneytodoso.

(2024:30%).

reportednotbeingableto

Aboutoneinfive(21%)GenZ

saveasatopbarriertofinancial

success(2024:17%;2023:

18%;2022:18%).

Buildinganemergencyfundremainsdifficultforthisgeneration,asoverhalf(55%)do

nothaveenoughemergencysavingstocoverthreemonthsofexpenses.Thisisconsistentwiththelastthreeyears:57%in2024,56%in2023and55%in2022.

Nearlyhalf(49%)ofMillennialsalsodon'thaveenoughemergencysavingstocoverthreemonthsofexpenses

(2024:49%;2023:48%;2022:46%).

5

BANKOFAMERICA

BetterMoneyHabits

GenZthinksthatsavingforretirementisimportant,buttheystruggle

withactuallygettingstarted.

GenZrecognizestheimportanceofbeginningtoorcontinuingtoplanforretirement-

butisstrugglingtomakeprogress.

42%

ofGenZsaidthey

consideractivelysaving

asymboloffinancial

independence.

forretirementtobe

27%

ofGenZsaidsavingforretirement/thefutureisone

oftheirtopthreeprioritiesfor

theyearahead,whichissimilartopreviousyears(2024:24%,

2023:26%,2022:25%),but

lowerthanMillennials(44%)

(2024:36%;2023:47%;

2022:41%).

ClosetohalfofGenZ

(43%)saidtheyarenot

ontracktobeactively

savingforretirementin

thenextfiveyears,but

they'dliketobe.

(2024:46%)

OnlyasmallportionofGenZiscurrentlysavingforretirement.

Lessthanafifth(19%)Onlyaquarter(25%)ofNon-studentGenZismoreThisalsochangeswith

ofGenZputsapercentageGenZcontributedtoalikelytobesavingforage:49%ofMillennials

intoa401(k)(2024:19%)generalinthelastyear(26%)ofnon-studentsputaccountingeneralin

oftheirpaycheckretirementaccountinretirement,asaquartercontributedtoaretirement

andonly14%regularly2024:22%,apercentageoftheirthelastyear

contributetoanIRAor2023:22%paycheckintoa401(k),2024:49%;

RothIRA(2024:11%).2022:21%.comparedtoonly2023:46%;

9%ofstudents.2022:43%.

There'saknowledgegapabouthowmuch

thisgenerationneedstosaveforretirement.

Athird(36%)ofGenZsaidthey

havenoideahowmuchmoneythey

Onein10(11%)GenZsaidthey

don'tthinktheywilleverbeable

willneedtoretirecomfortably.

toretirecomfortably.

GenZconsidersinvestingasymboloffinancialindependence,

butfewarecurrentlyinvesting.

Whenaskedwhatthey

onsidertobeasymbol

offinancialindependence,

35%ofGenZlisted

startingtoinvestor

buildinginvestments.

However,only21%ofGen

Zatuallyinvestedinthe

stockmarketoverthepast

year.Enouragingly,thisisup

year-over-year

(2024:15%;2023:15%;

2022:19%).

Onlyathird(33%)ofGenZ

saidtheyareontracktostart

investingorbuildinvestments

inthenextfiveyears

(2024:29%).

38%saidtheyare

notontracktostart

investingorbuild

investmentsinthenext

fiveyears,butthey

wantto(2024:40%).

7

OtherbarriersexistforGenZ,including

manyinthisgenerationarestillreceiving

insufficientincomeandhousingcosts.Infact,

financialassistancefromtheirfamilies.

LackofincomecontinuestobeaproblemforGenZ,andtheyworrythattheyarebehindfinanciallycomparedtowheretheirparentswereattheirage.

Thisgenerationstruggleswithalackofincome.

Overathirdreportedthatnothavingenough

incometoachievetheirfinancialgoalsisatop

barriertofinancialsuccess,consistentwiththelastthreeyears(2024:38%;2023:36%;2022:38%).

Overhalf(53%)ofGenZreportedthattheydon’tmake

enoughmoneytolivethelifetheywanttolive

comparedto44%ofMillennials(2024:41%).

30%ofGenZfeelliketheyarebehindontheirfinancialgoalscomparedtowheretheirparents

wereattheirage(2024:32%).

Whenaskedabouthowtheycomparetotheirparents,only

aboutaquarterofGenZ(27%)feelstheywillbebetteroff

financiallythantheirparents(2024:29%).

39%ofMillennialssay

thesame(2024:37%).

8BetterMoneyHabits

9

HousingcostscontinuetoposeissuesforGenZ,withmanyreporting

thattheydonotpayfortheirownhousing.

Overaquarter(28%)ofGenZ

itedhousing/rentexpensesas

atopbarriertofinancial

success,consistentwiththelast

threeyears

2024:28%;

2023:30%

2022:26%.

Half(50%)ofGenZdoesnotpayfortheirownhousing

(2024:54%).

Evenmanynon-studentGenZ

(41%)donotpayfortheirown

housing(comparedto64%

ofstudents)

2024:43%and68%,respectively.

63%

reportedthat31%or

Amongtheroughly

halfofGenZ(49%)

whoareresponsible

fortheirown

housing

moreoftheirmonthly

paycheckgoestoward

housingosts

(2024:64%).

24%

saidtheyspend51%or

moreoftheirmonthly

paycheckonhousing

costs(2024:23%).

GenZcontinuestoreceivefinancialassistancefromexternalsources,

primarilyfamily,butatlowerratesthanlastyear.

45%

ClosetohalfofGenZreceivefinancialsupport

Thisislowerthanin2024,when

54%

ofGenZreceivedfinancialsupport,and

46%

receivedfinancialsupportfromtheirparentsorfamilymembers,

demonstratingthisgeneration’sgrowingfinancialindependence.

39%

ofGenZreceivefinancialsupport

fromtheirparentsorfamilymembers.

EvenGenZwhoareoutofschoolgethelpfrommomanddad.

33%

Athirdofnon-student

GenZreported

receivingfinancial

assistane

(2024:37%)

Comparedtostudents:

63%

receivefinancialsupport,(2024:76%)

57%

receivefinancialsupportfromparents/family(2024:69%).

27%

ofnon-studentGenZ

itedtheirparentsor

otherfamilymembers

asthefundingsource

(2024:30%).

OfthoseGenZwhoreceivefinancialassistance,theyputthosefundstowardeverydayexpenseslike:

Groceriesandtoiletries

Phoneplan

Rent/utilities

Healthinsuranceor

payments

55%

50%

47%

39%

(2024:57%)

(2024:53%)

(2024:53%)

(2024:49%)

ThewaythatGenZreceivesfinancialassistancevaries.

Ofthosethatreceiveassistance:

reportedthattheyreceiveassistanceasneeded

receiveafixed,monthlyassistanceincome.

Thosereceivingassistancearegettinglessmoneythantheywerein2024.

Forthosereceivingassistance,

22%

get$1,000ormorepermonth,(2024:32%)and

22%

2025

32%

2024

54%

receivelessthan$500permonth

(2024:44%).

202554%

202444%

GenZlovesto“treatthemselves,”

However,mostknowtheirlimits.

whichcansometimesleadtooverspending.

Thisgenerationlovestobuythemselvesa“littletreat”—ahabitthatsometimesleadstooverspending.

OverhalfofGenZtreatsthemselvesonatleastaweeklybasis.

Nearlyaquartertreatthemselves

dailyormultipletimesaweek.

Athirdreportedtreatingthemselvesonceaweek.

GenZlikesalittle

treat,whethertocheer

they'refeelingsador

stressed,ortocelebrate

agooddayorawin.

themselvesupwhen

24%

91%

ofGenZtreatthemselves

59%

thanintendedonlittletreats

reportedoccasionally,oftenoralwaysspendingmore

BetterMoneyHabits

Spendingmoneyonnon-essentialgoodsand

servicesisatrapGenZcanfallinto.

54%

33%

20%

OverhalfofGenZsharedthattheymakenon-essentialpurchasesof$200+monthlyorafewtimesayear.

AthirdofGenZagreedthat

theybuythingstheydon’treallyneed.

Oneinfivemakesanon-essentialpur-chaseof$200+aboutonceamonth.

Ofthosemakinganon-essential

r12%thesepurhases.

Onewaythisgenerationmanagestheirfinancesisbypayingattention

tohowmuchmoneytheyhaveandworkingtolivewithintheirmeans,

thoughsomestillstrugglewiththis.

69%ofGenZreportedknowingroughlyorexactlyhowmuchtheycanspendtostaywithintheirmeans,

but28%hasonlysomeornoideahowmuchtheycanspendtostaywithintheirmeans.

Whenaskedabouttheirawarenessofthecurrentbalancesforvariousaccounts:

84%

knewexactlyor

approximatelyhow

muhmoneytheyhave

intheirchecking

account(s).

73%

knewexactlyor

approximatelyhow

muhmoneythey

haveintheirsaving

account(s).

64%

knewtheexactorapproximatebalaneontheircreditcard(s).

34%

knewtheexactor

approximatebalane

oftheirretirement

account(s).

33%

knewtheexactor

approximatebalane

oftheirinvestment

account(s).

12

Whenitcomestotheirrelationships,

financialresponsibilityandtransparency

areimportanttoGenZ.

GenZcontinuestobeopenandtransparentabouttheirfinances,oftensetting

boundarieswithfriendsaboutwhattheycanandcan’taffordtodo.

Two-thirdsofGenZdoes

notfeelpressuredbytheir

friendstospendbeyond

theirmeans.

JustunderhalfofGenZsaythey

arecomfortabledecliningsocial

opportunitiesandadmittingit's

becausetheycan'taffordtoparticipate.

Inresponsetotherisingcostof

living,aboutaquarterofGenZ

reportedpassingoneventswith

friendstocombatexpenses.

2025

2024

66

63%

2025

2024

42%

38%

2025

2024

23%

27%

Whenitcomestotheir

datinglives,GenZisnotspendingondates:Over

half(53%)spendS0amonthonromanticdates,and28%saytheyspendlessthan

$100permonth.

ThisistrueofbothmenandThosewhoreportedbeingin

women:53%ofmenspendS0relationshipsspentmore:

permonthondates,and54%43%GenZthatareinarelationship

ofwomensaythesame.andnotlivingtogetherspent

25%ofmenspendlessthan$1-5100/month;similarly,48%

$100permonthondates,andofthoseinarelationshipandliving30%ofwomensaythesame.togetherspent$1-100amonth.

Whenitcomestofindingaromanticpartner,

financialresponsibilitymatterstothisgeneration.

GenZsharedthattheseattributesareimportantwhenchoosingasignificantother:

Finanialresponsibility

78%

Finanialseurity

70%

Finanialbehaviors

70%

Finan