2025年美国Z世代财务健康观察报告

AWindowinto

GenZ’sFinancialHealth2025

BANKOFAMERICA

BetterMoneyHabits"

Since2021,theBetterMoneyHabitsteamhassurveyedadultGenZtobetterunderstandthisgeneration’sapproachtomoney.The2025BetterMoneyHabitsstudybuilds

onpreviousreportsexaminingthefinancialattitudesandbehaviorsofadultGenZ(ages18-28)AmericansandprovidesuswithasnapshotonthestateofGenZ’sfinancial

health.Thesefindingsstrengthenourabilitytomeettheirneedswithresourcesandguidancethroughouttheirfinancialjourneys.TheBankofAmericaBetterMoneyHabits

platformconnectspeopleatalllifestages,includingGenZ,torelevanttoolsandresourcesthathelpbuildfinancialknow-howandimproveAmericans’financialhealth.

Our

GenZFinancialGuide

breaksdownfinancialtopicslikebudgeting,buildingcredit,borrowingandinvestinginawaythat’sapproachableandeasytounderstand.

Adulthoodismoreexpensivethananticipated;

GenZcontinuestofacefinancialbarrierstosuccessdueprimarilytothehighcostofliving,

whichisalsocausingstress.

Consistentwithpreviousyears,thehighcostoflivingisatopbarriertoGenZ’spursuitoffinancialsuccess.

Overhalf(51%)ofGenZcitedthehighcostoflivingasatopbarriertofinancialsuccess.

Thisisconsistentwiththelastthreeyears

(52%in2024,53%in2023and50%in2022),

andislowerthanMillennials(66%)

(2024:57%;2023:59%;2022:60%).

Oncetheystartedsupportingthemselves,overa

third(35%)ofGenZreportedthattheirtotalmonthly

spendingishigherthantheyexpectedittobe.

ThisisespeciallytrueforolderGenZ(23-28),as43%said

thattheirtotalmonthlyspendwashigherthanexpected

(comparedto25%ofyoungerGenZages18-22).

GenZindividualswhoreportedhigherthanexpectedmonthlyspending

saidtheseeverydayexpensescostmorethantheyanticipated:

63%

Groceriesandtoiletries

47%

Rent/utilities

42%

Diningout

2

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BetterMoneyHabits"

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Tocombatthehighcostofliving,GenZiscuttingbackonexpensestoimprovetheirfinancialhealth.

Almosttwo-thirds(64%)ofGenZreportedtakingactionduetotherisingcostoflivingoverthepast12months,

whichissimilartolastyear(2024:67%),butslightlylowerthanMillennials(73%)(2024:66%).

41%

2024:

43%

startedshoppingat

amoreaffordable

grocerystore

23%

2024:

24%

ofGenZcutbackondiningout

18%

2024:

21%

startedusingabudget

12%

2024:

13%

pickedupasidehustle

MostofGenZ(72%)tookactionoverthelastyearinanefforttoimprovetheirfinancialsituation(2024:67%).

51%

putmoneytowardsavings

2024:47%;

2023:55%;

forward

GenZis-thinking.Fortheupcomingyear,theirtopprioritiesare:

2022:54%

25%

contributedto

aretirementaccount

2024:22%;

2023:22%

2022:21%

$

24%

paidoffdebt

2024:22%;

2023:18%

202530%

2024mm32%

202331%

2022mm32%Advancingintheircareerorincreasingtheirsalary

202530%

2024mm30%

202331%;

202231%

Gettinganewjob

202527%

2024mm24%

2023mm26%

202225%

Savingforretirement/thefuture

202527%

202427%

2023mm36%;

202240%

Furtheringtheireducation

GenZisstressedaboutfinances,primarilyduetoexternaleconomicfactors,andstruggletomeettheirfinancialgoals.

Ofthosewhoreportedexperiencingfinancialstress,thetopthreecausesinclude:

AthirdofGenZ

reportedbeing

financiallystressed.

33%

52%

40%

36%

Economicinstability

Notmakingefficientprogresstowardtheirfinancialgoals

Insufficientincometocoverbasicneedsand/orfinancialobligations

ManyGenZmakehealthychoicestofightfinancialstress,butforsome,stressleadstoavoidanceorsplurges.

WhenGenZisfeelingstressedabouttheirfinances,many(90%)arelikelytotakeaction:

69%

64%

46%

42%

Checktheirbank

accountbalanceand/or

recentcharges

Makea

budget

Getaheadon

payingbills

Transfermoney

tosavings

FinancialstresscancausesomeGenZ

toavoidtakinganyaction:33%avoid

thinkingaboutortakingactionon

theirfinanceswhenthey’restressed.

Almostathird(30%)reported

thattheyarelikelytotreat

themselvestoapurchasewhen

feelingfinanciallystressed.

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BetterMoneyHabits"

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BetterMoneyHabits"

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GenZbelievesthatsaving,retirementplanningandinvestingareimportant,butmanystruggle

withturningthesefinancialprioritiesintohabits.

GenZwantstosave,butstruggleswithconsistency.

51%

OverhalfofGenZreportedputtingmoneytowardsavingsinthelastyear.

Thisisconsistentwiththelastthreeyears:47%in2024,55%in2023and54%in2022.

OlderGenZ(23-28)prioritizedsavingmore,with55%contributingtosavingsinthelastyearcomparedwith46%ofyoungerGenZ(18-22).

Thisisconsistentwith2024:50%and44%,respectively.

$

Overathird(36%)puts

anyleftovermoneythat

theycanintosavings,

butitvariesmonth-to

month(2024:39%).

Only18%ofGenZput

asetpercentageof

theirpaycheckintoa

savingsaccountevery

month(2024:15%).

$

Nearlyathird(29%)

saidtheywouldliketo

savebutdon’tmake

enoughmoneytodoso.

(2024:30%).

Aboutoneinfive(21%)GenZ

reportednotbeingableto

saveasatopbarriertofinancial

success(2024:17%;2023:

18%;2022:18%).

Buildinganemergencyfundremainsdifficultforthisgeneration,asoverhalf(55%)do

nothaveenoughemergencysavingstocoverthreemonthsofexpenses.Thisisconsistentwiththelastthreeyears:57%in2024,56%in2023and55%in2022.

△

Nearlyhalf(49%)ofMillennialsalsodon’thaveenoughemergencysavingstocoverthreemonthsofexpenses

(2024:49%;2023:48%;2022:46%).

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BetterMoneyHabits"

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GenZthinksthatsavingforretirementisimportant,buttheystrugglewithactuallygettingstarted.

GenZrecognizestheimportanceofbeginningtoorcontinuingtoplanforretirement-

butisstrugglingtomakeprogress.

42%

27%

ofGenZsaidsavingforretirement/thefutureisone

ofGenZsaidthey

consideractivelysaving

forretirementtobe

asymboloffinancial

independence.

oftheirtopthreeprioritiesfor

theyearahead,whichissimilar

topreviousyears(2024:24%,

2023:26%,2022:25%),but

lowerthanMillennials(44%)

(2024:36%;2023:47%;

2022:41%).

ClosetohalfofGenZ

(43%)saidtheyarenot

ontracktobeactively

savingforretirementin

thenextfiveyears,but

they’dliketobe.

(2024:46%)

OnlyasmallportionofGenZiscurrentlysavingforretirement.

Lessthanafifth(19%)

ofGenZputsapercentage

oftheirpaycheck

intoa401(k)(2024:19%)

andonly14%regularly

contributetoanlRAor

RothlRA(2024:11%).

Onlyaquarter(25%)ofGenZcontributedtoaretirementaccountingeneralinthelastyear

2024:22%,

2023:22%

2022:21%.

Non-studentGenZismore

likelytobesavingfor

retirement,asaquarter

(26%)ofnon-studentsput

apercentageoftheir

paycheckintoa401(k),

comparedtoonly

9%ofstudents.

Thisalsochangeswith

age:49%ofMillennials

contributedtoaretirement

accountingeneralin

thelastyear

2024:49%;

2023:46%;

2022:43%.

There’saknowledgegapabouthowmuch

thisgenerationneedstosaveforretirement.

Athird(36%)ofGenZsaidthey

havenoideahowmuchmoneythey

willneedtoretirecomfortably.

Onein10(11%)GenZsaidthey

don’tthinktheywilleverbeable

toretirecomfortably.

GenZconsidersinvestingasymboloffinancialindependence,butfewarecurrentlyinvesting.

Whenaskedwhatthey

considertobeasymbol

offinancialindependence,

35%ofGenZlisted

startingtoinvestor

buildinginvestments.

However,only21%ofGen

Zactuallyinvestedinthe

stockmarketoverthepast

year.Encouragingly,thisisup

year-over-year

(2024:15%;2023:15%;

2022:19%).

Onlyathird(33%)ofGenZ

saidtheyareontracktostart

investingorbuildinvestments

inthenextfiveyears

(2024:29%).

38%saidtheyare

notontracktostart

investingorbuild

investmentsinthenext

fiveyears,butthey

wantto(2024:40%).

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BetterMoneyHabits"

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OtherbarriersexistforGenZ,including

insufficientincomeandhousingcosts.Infact,manyinthisgenerationarestillreceiving financialassistancefromtheirfamilies.

LackofincomecontinuestobeaproblemforGenZ,andtheyworrythattheyarebehindfinanciallycomparedtowheretheirparentswereattheirage.

+

37%

Thisgenerationstruggleswithalackofincome.

Overathirdreportedthatnothavingenough

incometoachievetheirfinancialgoalsisatop

barriertofinancialsuccess,consistentwiththelastthreeyears(2024:38%;2023:36%;2022:38%).

,金

Overhalf(53%)ofGenZreportedthattheydon’tmake

enoughmoneytolivethelifetheywanttolive

comparedto44%ofMillennials(2024:41%).

30%ofGenZfeelliketheyarebehindontheir

financialgoalscomparedtowheretheirparents

wereattheirage(2024:32%).

Whenaskedabouthowtheycomparetotheirparents,only

aboutaquarterofGenZ(27%)feelstheywillbebetteroff

financiallythantheirparents(2024:29%).

39%ofMillennialssaythesame(2024:37%).

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BetterMoneyHabits"

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HousingcostscontinuetoposeissuesforGenZ,withmanyreportingthattheydonotpayfortheirownhousing.

Overaquarter(28%)ofGenZ

citedhousing/rentexpensesas

atopbarriertofinancial

success,consistentwiththelast

threeyears

2024:28%;

2023:30%

2022:26%.

Half(50%)ofGenZdoesnotpayfortheirownhousing

(2024:54%).

Evenmanynon-studentGenZ

(41%)donotpayfortheirown

housing(comparedto64%

ofstudents)

2024:43%and68%,respectively.

63%

reportedthat31%or

Amongtheroughly

halfofGenZ(49%)

whoareresponsible

fortheirown

housing

moreoftheirmonthly

paycheckgoestoward

housingcosts

(2024:64%).

24%

saidtheyspend51%or

moreoftheirmonthly

paycheckonhousing

costs(2024:23%).

GenZcontinuestoreceivefinancialassistancefromexternalsources,primarilyfamily,butatlowerratesthanlastyear.

45%

ClosetohalfofGenZreceivefinancialsupport

Thisislowerthanin2024,when

54%mm

ofGenZreceivedfinancialsupport,and

46%

receivedfinancialsupportfrom

theirparentsorfamilymembers,

demonstratingthisgeneration’sgrowingfinancialindependence.

39%

ofGenZreceivefinancialsupport

fromtheirparentsorfamilymembers.

EvenGenZwhoareoutofschoolgethelpfrommomanddad.

33%

Athirdofnon-student

GenZreported

receivingfinancial

assistance

(2024:37%)

Comparedtostudents:

63%

receivefinancialsupport,——(2024:76%)

57%

receivefinancialsupportfromparents/family(2024:69%).

27%

ofnon-studentGenZ

citedtheirparentsor

otherfamilymembers

asthefundingsource

(2024:30%).

OfthoseGenZwhoreceivefinancialassistance,theyputthosefundstowardeverydayexpenseslike:

Groceriesandtoiletries

55%

(2024:57%)

Phoneplan

50%

(2024:53%)

Rent/utilities

47%

(2024:53%)

Healthinsuranceorpayments

39%

(2024:49%)

ThewaythatGenZreceivesfinancialassistancevaries.

Ofthosethatreceiveassistance:

64%

24%

reportedthattheyreceiveassistanceasneeded

receiveafixed,monthlyassistanceincome.

Thosereceivingassistancearegettinglessmoneythantheywerein2024.

Forthosereceivingassistance,

22%

get$1,000ormorepermonth,

(2024:32%)and

54%

receivelessthan$500permonth

(2024:44%).

202522%202554%

2024mw32%202444%

$

$

Habitse

★

★

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GenZlovesto“treatthemselves,”

whichcansometimesleadtooverspending.However,mostknowtheirlimits.

GenZlikesalittle

treat,whethertocheer

themselvesupwhen

they’refeelingsador

stressed,ortocelebrate

agooddayorawin.

Thisgenerationlovestobuythemselvesa“littletreat”—ahabitthatsometimesleadstooverspending.

onatleastaweeklybasis.

57%OverhalfofGenZtreatsthemselves

24%

Nearlyaquartertreatthemselvesdailyormultipletimesaweek.

33%

Athirdreportedtreatingthemselvesonceaweek.

91%

ofGenZtreatthemselves

59%

reportedoccasionally,oftenoralwaysspendingmorethanintendedonlittletreats

Spendingmoneyonnon-essentialgoodsandservicesisatrapGenZcanfallinto.

54%

33%

20%

OverhalfofGenZsharedthattheymakenon-essentialpurchasesof$200+monthlyorafewtimesayear.

AthirdofGenZagreedthat

theybuythingstheydon’treallyneed.

Oneinfivemakesanon-essentialpur-chaseof$200+aboutonceamonth.

Ofthosemakinganon-essential

r12%thesepurchases.

Onewaythisgenerationmanagestheirfinancesisbypayingattentiontohowmuchmoneytheyhaveandworkingtolivewithintheirmeans, thoughsomestillstrugglewiththis.

69%ofGenZreportedknowingroughlyorexactlyhowmuchtheycanspendtostaywithintheirmeans,

but28%hasonlysomeornoideahowmuchtheycanspendtostaywithintheirmeans.

Whenaskedabouttheirawarenessofthecurrentbalancesforvariousaccounts:

84%

knewexactlyor

approximatelyhow

muchmoneytheyhave

intheirchecking

account(s).

73%

knewexactlyor

approximatelyhow

muchmoneythey

haveintheirsaving

account(s).

64%

knewtheexactorapproximatebalanceontheircreditcard(s).

34%

knewtheexactor

approximatebalance

oftheirretirement

account(s).

33%

knewtheexactor

approximatebalance

oftheirinvestment

account(s).

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Whenitcomestotheirrelationships,financialresponsibilityandtransparency areimportanttoGenZ.

GenZcontinuestobeopenandtransparentabouttheirfinances,oftensettingboundarieswithfriendsaboutwhattheycanandcan’taffordtodo.

Two-thirdsofGenZdoes

notfeelpressuredbytheir

friendstospendbeyond

theirmeans.

202566%

202463%

JustunderhalfofGenZsaythey

arecomfortabledecliningsocial

opportunitiesandadmittingit’s

becausetheycan’taffordtoparticipate.

202542%

202438%

Inresponsetotherisingcostof

living,aboutaquarterofGenZ

reportedpassingoneventswith

friendstocombatexpenses.

202523%

202427%

Whenitcomestotheir

datinglives,GenZisnot

spendingondates:Over

half(53%)spend$0amonth

onromanticdates,and28%

saytheyspendlessthan

$100permonth.

Thisistrueofbothmenand

women:53%ofmenspend$0

permonthondates,and54%

ofwomensaythesame.

25%ofmenspendlessthan$100permonthondates,and30%ofwomensaythesame.

Thosewhoreportedbeinginrelationshipsspentmore:

43%GenZthatareinarelationship

andnotlivingtogetherspent

$1-$100/month;similarly,48%

ofthoseinarelationshipandliving

togetherspent$1-100amonth.

Whenitcomestofindingaromanticpartner,financialresponsibilitymatterstothisgeneration.

GenZsharedthattheseattributesareimportantwhenchoosingasignificantother:

Financialresponsibility

78%

Financialsecurity

70%

Financialbehaviors

70%

Financialknowledge

61