单片机原理及应用（双语版·新形态版） 课件 第3章MCS51指令集

IntroductoryMicrocontrollerChapter3TheMCS-51InstructionSetandSpecialFunctionRegistersLANGUAGESFORTHE8051HighLevellanguages:- C51,SDCC,SmallC,PL/M-51Assemblylanguage:- ASM51高级语言编译语言Edit(Write)AssembleRun汇编SourceCodeObjectCode源码目标码Edit(Write)AssembleRunSourceCodeObjectCodeReadablebypeopleReadableby8051MOVA,25hPOPAINCAADDA,45h100101011001100111001011SourceCodeObjectCodeMOVA,25hE525MOV4Bh,26h854B26INCA04SETB20h.3D203AssemblyLanguageProgramFormatLABEL OPCODE

OPERANDCOMMENTBEGIN: MOV A,#34h;loadaccumulator

MOV 0C6h,A标号操作码操作数注释

SJMP BEGIN

Base SymbolDecimal noneBinary bHexadecimal hNumberFormats十进制二进制十六进制00000011b = 310 = 03h00100000b = 3210 = 20h1610 = 10h =00010000b30h = 4810 =00110000b11111111b = FFh = 2551043h=01000011bInaprogram,ahexnumbercannotbeginwithaletter F0h 0F0h E4h 0E4h C7h 0C7h

FFh 0FFhADDRESSINGMODES寻址方式

00010C0B0A0908070605040302ImmediateAddressingMOV07h,#3Fh3F3F

立即Numberneedsa#(hash井)00010C0B0A0908070605040302DirectAddressingMOV09h,02h直接

FFFFNo#meansanaddressR0R70F1017181FRegisterBank0RegisterAddressingMOVA,R6AccumulatorA寄存器5A5AHouseNo12DirectIndirect间接007HouseNo15HouseNo12R0R10C0B0A0908R7R6R5R4R3R2IndirectAddressingMOV@R1,#6Eh0A6E6EIndirectaddressingcanuseR0,R1orDPTRasindirectionregister.@=at16-bitAddressingModesImmediateDirectRegisterIndirect34hR5R0AAAAR0R10C0B0A0908R7R6R5R4R3R2InherentAddressingCLR AINC ADEC AInstructionswhichdonotmakeuseofmemoryornumbersAccumulatorAddressingRegisterARegisterAcanhavetwodifferentaddressingmodesAccumulatorAddressing8-bitbusesAccumulatoraddressingADirectaddressingACCPUSHACC {Directaddressing}POPACC {Directaddressing}INCA {Accumulatoraddressing}INCACC {Directaddressing}MOV23h,ACC {Directaddressing}MOV23h,A {Accumulatoraddress}AddressingAArethesethesame?MOV23h,ACCRAMAddressingADirectaddressingMOV23h,ACCAddressingARAMDirectaddressingRAMMOV23h,ACCAddressingADirectaddressingRAMMOV23h,ACCAddressingADirectaddressingRAMMOV23h,AAddressingAAccumulatoraddressingRAMMOV23h,AAddressingAAccumulatoraddressingMOV23h,ACC 24clockcycles

MOV23h,A 12clockcycles

时钟周期BitAddressingSomeinstructionsrefertobitsSETB28.5h {Set28.5h}SETB45h {Set28.5h}CLRP0.3 {ClearP0pin3}CPL5Eh {Complementbit5Eh}Whichlocationscanbebit-addressed?BitAddressingSomeinstructionsrefertobitsInternalRAM20h-2FhAccumulatorACCRegisterBI/OPortsMostSFRs

Whichlocationscanbebit-addressed? CLRACC.40AccumulatorABitAddressing CLR P0.30AccumulatorAClearPin3ofPort0 CLRACC.4BitAddressingBitAddressing20212C2B2A29282726252423222D2E2F CLR 24.6h00 CLR P0.3AccumulatorAClearPin3ofPort0 CLRACC.4THEMCS-51INSTRUCTIONSETFulldetailsinAppendixA(Page236)AppendixAInstruction DescriptionBytesClock cyclesADD A,direct A+(direct)->A 2 12ADD A,@Ri

A+(Ri)->A 1 12INC A A+1->A 1 12INC DPTR DPTR+1->DPTR 1 24addr11 =11-bitaddressaddr16 =16-bitaddressdirect =8-bitaddressofinternalRAMorSFRRn =DataintheregistersR0toR7@Ri =IndirectaddressusingR0orR1[]: =IFconditionin[]isTRUEthenaction() =Dataattheaddressin()rel =OffsettobeaddedtocreatetheaddressTHEMCS-51INSTRUCTIONSETDataMovementInstructionsDataMovementInstructionsMOVA,#34hMOVA,47hMOVA,R3MOVA,@R034hFFhFFh34h5Fh5FhC6hC6h47hR0R3ACCA累加器Direct直接寻址@Ri间接寻址Rn寄存器#data立即数PossibleDataTransferInstructionsMOV,AACCA累加器Direct直接寻址@Ri间接寻址Rn寄存器#data立即数PossibleDataTransferInstructionsMOV,DPTR16-bit16-bitNowtrythefollowing..Question3.5.1Question3.5.5Question3.5.7Question3.5.8Question3.5.9Page47-!!!!Question3.5.1Number5toR5,8toR7MOV R5,#05hMOV R7,#08hQuestion3.5.5Write55htoPort1MOV P1,#55hQuestion3.5.7CopyfromA9hto36hAddressingmodes:36h=Direct,A9h=IndirectUseR0asindirectregisterPage20Table2.2DataMemoryDataMemCodeMemoryCodeMemorySFRs0080FFFFFFFFFF0000IndirectInternalRAMInternalROMExternalROMExternalRAMDirectMOV R0,#0A9hMOV 36h,@R0Question3.5.1Number5toR5,8toR7MOV R5,#05hMOV R7,#08hQuestion3.5.5Write55htoPort1MOV P1,#55hQuestion3.5.7CopyfromA9hto36hAddressingmodes:36h=Direct,A9h=IndirectUseR0asindirectregisterPage20Table2.2Question3.5.8

MovefromaddressinR0to48hMOV 48h,@R0MOV R6,@R1Question3.5.9

MovefromaddressinR1toR6ACCA累加器Direct直接寻址@Ri间接寻址Rn寄存器#data立即数PossibleDataTransferInstructionsQuestion3.5.8

MovefromaddressinR0to48hMOV 48h,@R0MOV R6,@R1Question3.5.9

MovefromaddressinR1toR6MOV A,@R1MOVR6,ADataMovementInstructionsMOVCA,@A+DPTRProgramCodememoryAC656h00hDPTR=C656h56h56hDataMovementInstructionsMOVXA,@DPTRDatamemoryAMOVX@DPTR,AC656h56h56hDPTR=C656hPOP37hStackPointer36h37h35hXXXXDataMovementInstructionsPUSH36hStackPointer36h37h35hXXXXDataMovementInstructionsDataMovementInstructionsXCHA,67h(Exchange)67h66h65h68h10011100A11110000MOVR7,AMOVA,67hMOV67h,R748cyclesDataMovementInstructionsXCHDA,@R0(Exchangenibbles)67h66h65h68h1001A1111R067h11000000

半位元组Pleasetrythefollowing..(Page48)Question3.5.2Question3.5.4Question3.5.12Question3.5.10SFRshavedirectaddressingQuestion3.5.2 ExchangeSPandPSW

MOV A,SPMOV SP,PSWMOV PSW,AQuestion3.5.4CopybyteinexternalRAMat007DhtoSPMOV DPTR,#007DhMOVX A,@DPTR ;(007D)toAMOV SP,A ;AtoSPQuestion3.5.10 CopyCodebyteat13F5htoIPMOV DPTR,#13F5hCLR AMOVC A,@A+DPTRMOV IP,A POP P1Question3.5.12 POPtopofstacktoPort1ArithmeticInstructionsAADDA,#30h30h80h+80hArithmeticInstructionsB0hAADDA,#C0hC0h80h+80hArithmeticInstructions40h80h+C0h=140h1000000011000000101000000C(Carryflag)1AADDCA,#30h-AddwithCarry

30h80h+80hArithmeticInstructionsB1hC(Carryflag)1Memory4C4F4E4D(Incrementing

增加)AddtovalueinthememoryINC4Dh650166ArithmeticInstructionsMemory1E2221201FDecrementing

减少SubtractfromvalueinthememoryDEC1Fh650164ArithmeticInstructionsArithmeticInstructionsMULABABXAB(Lowbyte)(Highbyte)(Multiply)ArithmeticInstructionsMULABABXAB(Lowbyte)(Highbyte)80h80h80h*80h=4000h00h40h(Multiply)ArithmeticInstructionsDIVABABAB(Quotient)(Modulus)(Divide)商ArithmeticInstructionsDIVABABAB(Quotient)(Modulus)07h03h02h01h(Divide)商ArithmeticInstructionsDA-DecimalAdjustDecimalBinaryBCDOpcode4800110000+3200100000=8001010000ADDBinary-CodedDecimal二进制编码的十进ArithmeticInstructionsDA-DecimalAdjustDecimalBinaryBCDOpcode480011000001001000+320010000000110010=800101000001111010ADDDA10000000ArithmeticInstructionsDA-DecimalAdjustDecimalBinaryBCD480011000001001000+320010000000110010=800101000001111010ADDDA10000000MOV A,#01001000b;BCDADD A,#00110010b;BCDDA AASUBBA,#30h30h80h-80hArithmeticInstructions4FhC(Carryflag)1-ASUBBA,#30h30h80h-50hArithmeticInstructionsC(Carryflag)0ASUBBA,#80h80h30h-50hArithmeticInstructionsC(Carryflag)1ASUBBA,#80h80h30h-50hArithmeticInstructionsC(Carryflag)1Iftheresultisnegative,thentheCarry=1aftertheinstructionLogicalInstructions1111000010010000ANLA,67h(logicalAND)67h66h65h68h10011100ALogicalInstructions11110000AND100111001111000011111100ORLA,67h(logicalOR)67h66h65h68h10011100ALogicalInstructions11110000OR100111001111000001101100XRLA,67h(ExclusiveOR)67h66h65h68h10011100ALogicalInstructions11110000Ex-OR10011100LogicalInstructionsCLRA1100110100000000CPLA(Complement)1100110100110010c.LogicalInstructionsRLA(RotateLeftaccumulatorA)1001101RLCA(RotateLeftAthroughCarry)(Carryflag)C1010011011c.LogicalInstructionsRRA(RotateRightaccumulatorA)1001101RRCA(RotateRightAthroughCarry)(Carryflag)C1010011011c.LogicalInstructionsSWAPA11001101LogicalInstructionsSETB24.6hCLR24.6hNOP-Nooperation10Sometimesuse24h.6Pleasetrythefollowing..(Page48)Question3.5.15Question3.5.16Question3.5.17Question3.5.15Multiply47and96.Resultin56hand57h

MOV A,#2Fh ;Number47MOV B,#60h ;Number96MUL ABMOV 56h,A ;LowbyteofresultMOV 57h,B ;Highbyteofresult

MOV A,#61h ;Number97MOV B,#05h ;Number5DIV ABMOV 66h,A ;QuotientMOV 67h,B ;ModulusQuestion3.5.16Divide97by5.Quotientin66h,modulus67h

MOV A,#14hADD A,#67hDA AMOV 36h,AQuestion3.5.1714h(BCD)+67h(BCD)Resultin36hJumpandSubroutineInstructions

SJMP X -Shortjump LJMP Y -Longjump

AJMP Z -AbsolutejumpNoHighJump!!JumpandSubroutineInstructionsShortJumpSJMP0EDh0001F0040302SJMPF2F10<=Offset<=255EDh

JumpandSubroutineInstructionsOffset00h<=Offset<=FFhLongJumpLJMP0FFF1h0001FFF0040302LJMPCanjumpanywhereinmemoryuptoFFFFhFFF1FFF2JumpandSubroutineInstructionsFFF1AbsoluteJumpAJMP7B2h00017B1040302AJMP7B37B2Canjumpuptoaddress2047(7FFh)withinsame2kbyteblockJumpandSubroutineInstructions07B2Usesan11-bitaddressConditionalJumps条件转移

CJNEA,#01,44hCompareandJumpifnotequal4044434241?AConditionalJumps条件转移

CJNEA,#01,44hCompareandJumpifnotequal404443424155?CJNE01XXA01NOTEQUALConditionalJumps条件转移

CJNEA,#01,44hCompareandJumpifnotequal404443424101?CJNE01XXA01EQUALConditionalJumps条件转移

404443424103?DJNZ6FXXRAMaddress6Fh00NOTZERODJNZ6Fh,45hDecrementandJumpifnotzero3F3E3D4502ConditionalJumps条件转移

404443424103?DJNZ6FRAMaddress6Fh00NOTZEROAGAIN:DJNZ6Fh,AGAIN3F3E3D45020100ZERO3CXXConditionalJumpsareShortJumps

MOV A,27hLOOP: DEC A CJNE A,#00h,LOOP MOV 27h,ATypicalloopprogramsLOOP: DJNZ27h,LOOP

DJNZ27h,$JB 21.3h,LOOP-Jumpifbitset(=1)JNB21.3h,LOOP-JumpifbitNOTsetConditionalJumpwithbits

765432101001011121hJC LOOP-JumpifCarrysetJNC LOOP-JumpifCarryclearConditionalJumpwithCarry

CarryFlag0JZ LOOP-JumpifA=0JNZ LOOP-JumpifA<>0ConditionalJumponZero

MOVA,#26h ACALLDELAY ------ ------DELAY: MOV0D6,#45hAGAIN: DJNZ0D6,AGAIN RETSubroutineCallInstructions子程序ACALL 0056h-AbsolutecallLCALL 90A3h-LongcallRET-ReturnfromsubroutineMOVA…ACALLMOV…RET----------DJNZ…DELAYSubroutineCallInstructions子程序ACALL 0056h-AbsolutecallLCALL 90A3h-LongcallRET-ReturnfromsubroutineMOVA…ACALLMOV…RET----------DJNZ…

MOVA,#26h ACALLDELAY ------ ------DELAY: MOV0D6,#45hAGAIN: DJNZ0D6,AGAIN RETDELAYSpecialFunctionRegistersWherearetheSFRs?WherearetheSFRsinthecircuit?WhataretheaddressesofSFRsinmemory?SpecialFunctionRegistersSpecialFunctionRegistersWherearetheSFRs?WherearetheSFRsinthecircuit?WhataretheaddressesofSFRsinmemory?00hFFh80h7FhFFFF0000DatamemorySpecialFunctionRegistersSpecialFunctionRegistersNameAddressNameAddressAE0PSWD0BF0SCON98DPH83SBUF99DPL82SP81IEA8TMOD89IPB8TCON88P080TL08AP190TH08CP2A0TL18BP3B0TH18DPCON87FFh80h00hFFh80h7FhFFFF0000DatamemorySpecialFunctionRegistersSpecialFunctionRegistersNameAddressNameAddressAE0PSWD0BF0SCON98DPH83SBUF99DPL82SP81IEA8TMOD89IPB8TCON88P080TL08AP190TH08CP2A0TL18BP3B0TH18DPCON87FFh80hMOV A,#35hMOV B,#47hMOV 0E0h,#35hMOV 0F0h,#47hADDA,directADDA,B00hFFh80h7FhFFFF0000DatamemorySpecialFunctionRegistersSpecialFunctionRegistersNameAddressNameAddressAE0PSWD0BF0SCON98DPH83SBUF99DPL82SP81IEA8TMOD89IPB8TCON88P080TL08AP190TH08CP2A0TL18BP3B0TH18DPCON87FFh80hAccumulatormodeADirectaddressmodeACCMOVX A,@DPTRMOVX B,@DPTRSpecialFunctionRegistersAccumulatorA(AorACC)B(B)DataPointer(DPTR)ProgramCounter(PC)StackPointer(SP)888161688DPLDPHCYACF0RS1RS0OV-PProgramStatusWord-PSWCarry

进位EvenParity偶校验

forAoverflowAuxiliaryCarry

辅助进位Example:0101101001101011CYACF0RS1RS0OV-P

MOVA,#5Ah ADDA,#6BhPSW10100011011010Example:0101101001101011CYACF0RS1RS0OV-P

MOVA,#5Ah ADD