北京大学《英语写作》2024-2025学年第一学期期末冲刺模拟卷

北京大学《英语写作》2024-2025学年第一学期期末冲刺模拟卷考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：____________姓名：____________学号：____________得分：____________PartI.TrueorFalse（判断题，每题1分，共10分）Directions:WriteT(True)orF(False)inthebracketbeforeeachstatement.1.()Athesisstatementshouldbeasinglesentencethatclearlystatesthemainargumentofanessay.2.()Inacademicwriting,thetopicsentencemustalwaysbethefirstsentenceofaparagraph.3.()Agoodparagraphshouldcontainonlyonemainidea.4.()InformalEnglishletters,thedateisusuallywrittenontherightsideofthepage.5.()"However"and"But"canbeusedinterchangeablyatthebeginningofasentence.6.()Asummaryshouldincludethewriter'spersonalopinionsabouttheoriginaltext.7.()Passivevoiceispreferredinscientificwritingwhentheactionismoreimportantthanthedoer.8.()InEnglishwriting,acommacanbeusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses.9.()Theconclusionparagraphshouldintroducenewargumentstostrengthentheessay.10.()Atopicsentenceshouldbespecificenoughtoguidetheparagraphbutbroadenoughtoallowdevelopment.PartII.MultipleChoice（单项选择题，每题1分，共15分）Directions:ChoosethebestanswerfromA,B,CandD.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicofagoodthesisstatement?A.Itisarguable.B.Itisspecific.C.Itisauniversallyacceptedfact.D.Itcontrolstheessay.2.Inastandardfive-paragraphessay,howmanybodyparagraphsarethere?A.1B.2C.3D.53.Whichtransitionwordexpressescontrast?A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.NeverthelessD.Likewise4.Whichofthefollowingclosingsisappropriateforaformalbusinessletter?A.CheersB.BestwishesC.YourssincerelyD.Takecare5.Whatisthemainpurposeofatopicsentence?A.TogiveexamplessupportingtheargumentB.TostatethemainideaoftheparagraphC.ToconcludetheparagraphD.Tointroducethewholeessay6.Whichofthefollowingsentencesusesactivevoice?A.ThecakewaseatenbyJohn.B.Johnatethecake.C.Thecakewasbeingeaten.D.Thecakehasbeeneatenbysomeone.7.Asummaryshouldbeapproximatelywhatpercentageoftheoriginaltext?A.5%B.10–15%C.30%D.50%8.WhichpunctuationmarkistypicallyusedafterthesalutationinaformalAmericanEnglishletter?A.CommaB.ColonC.PeriodD.Semicolon9.Attackingthepersonwhoholdsanopinionratherthanaddressingtheargumentitselfisanexampleof______.A.anappealtoemotionB.astrawmanfallacyC.anadhominemfallacyD.ahastygeneralization10.Informalacademicwriting,whichpointofviewisgenerallypreferred?A.Firstperson"I"B.Secondperson"you"C.ThirdpersonD.Noconsistentpointofview11.Whichtransitionalexpressionsignalscauseandeffect?A.HoweverB.FurthermoreC.ConsequentlyD.Meanwhile12.Whatisa"commasplice"?A.AcommausedinalistofitemsB.TwoindependentclausesjoinedonlybyacommaC.AcommaafteranintroductoryphraseD.Acommabetweentwocoordinateadjectives13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaprewritingtechnique?A.BrainstormingB.OutliningC.RevisingD.Freewriting14.InAPAstyle,thereferencelistisarranged______.A.alphabeticallybytheauthor'slastnameB.chronologicallybypublicationyearC.bytheorderofcitationinthetextD.alphabeticallybyarticletitle15.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisthemostconciseanddirect?A.Duetothefactthatitwasraining,thegamewascanceled.B.Becauseofthefactthatitwasraining,thegamewascanceled.C.Becauseitrained,thegamewascanceled.D.Onaccountofthefactthatitrained,thegamewascanceled.PartIII.FillintheBlanks（填空题，每题1分，共10分）Directions:FillineachblankwithONEappropriateword.1.A____________isthecentralargumentorclaimthatanessayaimstoprove.2.The____________paragraphgrabsthereader'sattention,providesbackground,andpresentsthethesisstatement.3.Wordsandphrasessuchas"however,""therefore,""inaddition,"and"bycontrast"arecalled____________expressions.4.Inaformalletter,"DearProfessorSmith"isreferredtoasthe____________.5.A____________isabrief,objectiverestatementofthemainpointsofapassageorarticle.6.Thestageofwritinginwhichawriterchecks,reorganizes,andimprovesadraftiscalled____________.7.A____________sentenceexpressesthemainideaofasingleparagraphandsupportsthethesis.8.____________voiceemphasizesthedoeroftheactionandisgenerallypreferredinclear,directwriting.9.The____________paragraphrestatesthethesisindifferentwordsandsummarizesthemainsupportingpoints.10.Inacademicwriting,citingothers'ideasproperlyisnecessarytoavoid____________.PartIV.ErrorCorrection（单句改错，每题3分，共15分）Directions:EachofthefollowingsentencescontainsONEerror(grammar,punctuation,logic,orclarity).Identifytheerrorandrewritethecorrectedsentence.1.Theprofessorexplainedthetheorywasdifficulttounderstand.Correction:____________________________________________2.Walkingdownthestreet,thetreeslookedbeautiful.Correction:____________________________________________3.Shedon'tlikecoffee,shepreferstea.Correction:____________________________________________4.Thereasonhewaslateisbecausehiscarbrokedown.Correction:____________________________________________5.Beingasitwasrainingheavily,wedecidedtocancelthepicnic.Correction:____________________________________________PartV.ShortAnswerQuestions（简答题，每题5分，共20分）Directions:AnswerthefollowingquestionsincompleteEnglishsentences.Youmaywritein2–4sentences.1.Whatarethethreemainstructuralpartsofanacademicessay?Brieflyexplainthefunctionofeach.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Whatisthedifferencebetweenathesisstatementandatopicsentence?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.ListtwocommonpatternsofparagraphdevelopmentinEnglishwriting,andbrieflyexplainhoweachworks.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.WhataretwokeydifferencesbetweenformalandinformalEnglishletters?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartVI.WritingTasks（写作题，每题15分，共30分）Task1.EmailWriting（约120–150词）Supposeyouareauniversitystudent.WriteaformalemailtoProfessorLeetorequestanextensiononyourEnglishwritingassignment,whichisduenextMonday.Inyouremail,youshould:stateyourpurposeclearlyinthesubjectlineandopening;giveabriefandreasonablereasonfortherequest;proposeanewdeadlineandconfirmyourcommitmenttotheassignment.Writeyouremailbelow.Subject:____________________________________________DearProfessorLee,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,[YourName]Task2.ArgumentativeParagraphWriting（约150–200词）WriteathesisstatementandONEbodyparagraphonthefollowingtopic:Shoulduniversitystudentsberequiredtotakephysicaleducation(PE)courses?Youshould:takeaclearposition(agreeordisagree)inthethesisstatement;provideatleastonereasonandsupportingevidenceorexampleinthebodyparagraph;useappropriatetransitionwordsandmaintainparagraphunity.Thesisstatement:____________________________________________Bodyparagraph:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案与解析（AnswerKeyandExplanations）PartI.TrueorFalse1.TThesisstatement是全文的核心论点，通常用一个完整句子概括。2.F主题句通常位于段首，但也可以放在段中或段末，视段落发展策略而定。3.T一个好的段落只围绕一个中心意思展开，即段落的统一性（unity）。4.T英式正式书信中日期通常居右；美式正式书信中日期常居左，但居右也常见。5.F"however"是较正式的过渡副词，用逗号与主句隔开；"but"是并列连词，直接连接两个分句，语体也更口语化。6.F摘要应客观转述原文要点，不应加入个人评价或观点。7.T在科技写作中，当动作本身比动作执行者更重要时，常用被动语态。8.F逗号不能单独连接两个独立分句，这是commasplice错误；应用句号、分号或并列连词。9.F结论段应总结论点，不应引入新的论据或新论点。10.T主题句既要有足够的限定性以指导段落，又要留出展开空间。PartII.MultipleChoice1.C好的thesisstatement应当是可辩论的（arguable），而不是无可争议的事实。2.C五段式作文=引言段+三个主体段+结论段。3.CNevertheless表示转折；Therefore表因果；Moreover表递进；Likewise表类比。4.C正式商务/学术书信用Yourssincerely或Yoursfaithfully；其余三项偏非正式。5.B主题句的功能是概括段落主旨。6.B只有B是主动语态；其余均为被动语态。7.B摘要通常为原文长度的10–15%左右。8.B美式正式书信称呼后常用冒号（DearProfessorSmith:）；英式常用逗号。9.C攻击对方本人而非其论点是adhominem（人身攻击）谬误。10.C正式学术写作通常使用第三人称，避免第一/第二人称（部分学科允许第一人称）。11.CConsequently表因果；However表转折；Furthermore表递进；Meanwhile表时间对比。12.Bcommasplice指两个独立分句仅用逗号连接，是语法错误。13.CRevising（修改）是写作后期阶段，不是prewriting。14.AAPA参考文献按作者姓氏字母顺序排列。15.CC最简洁直接；其余三项均使用了"duetothefactthat"/"onaccountof"等冗余表达。PartIII.FillintheBlanks1.thesis(statement)2.introduction/introductory3.transition(al)4.salutation5.summary6.revision/revising/editing7.topic8.Active9.conclusion/concluding10.plagiarismPartIV.ErrorCorrection1.Error:缺少宾语从句引导词。

Corrected:Theprofessorexplainedthatthetheorywasdifficulttounderstand.2.Error:悬垂修饰语（danglingmodifier）——walking的逻辑主语应是人，不是trees。

Corrected:AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,thetreeslookedbeautiful./Walkingdownthestreet,Ithoughtthetreeslookedbeautiful.3.Error:主谓不一致+commasplice。

Corrected:Shedoesn'tlikecoffee;shepreferstea./Shedoesn'tlikecoffeeandshepreferstea.4.Error:"Thereason...isbecause..."语义重复，because应改为that。

Corrected:Thereasonhewaslateisthathiscarbrokedown./Hewaslatebecausehiscarbrokedown.5.Error:"Beingas"是非正式/不规范表达，应使用Since/Because/As。

Corrected:Since/As/Becauseitwasrainingheavily,wedecidedtocancelthepicnic.PartV.ShortAnswerQuestions1.Threepartsofanessay:(1)Introduction—introducesthetopic,providesbackground,andstatesthethesis.(2)Bodyparagraphs—developandsupportthethesiswithreasons,examples,andevidence.(3)Conclusion—restatesthethesis,summarizesmainpoints,andmayofferafinalthoughtorimplication.2.Difference:Athesisstatementisthemainargumentoftheentireessayandappearsintheintroduction.Atopicsentencestatesthemainideaofonesingleparagraphandsupportsthethesis.Inshort:thethesiscontrolsthewholeessay;thetopicsentencecontrolsoneparagraph.3.Twopatterns:(Anytwoofthefollowing)(a)Exemplification—givesexamplestoillustrateageneralpoint.(b)Causeandeffect—explainswhysomethinghappensandwhatresultsfromit.(c)Comparison/Contrast—showssimilaritiesordifferencesbetweentwosubjects.(d)Classification—dividesasubjectintocategories.(e)Definition—explainswhatatermorconceptmeans.4.Twodifferences:(Anytwoofthefollowing)(a)Tone—formallettersuseprofessional,polite,andimpersonallanguage;informallettersareconversationalandpersonal.(b)Format—formallettersrequiresender'saddress,date,recipient'saddress,propersalutationandclosing;informallettersaremoreflexible.(c)Vocabularyandgrammar—formallettersavoidcontractions,colloquialexpressions,andfirst/secondpersonwherepossible.PartVI.WritingTasks—ReferenceAnswersTask1.SampleEmailSubject:RequestforExtensiononWritingAssignment–[YourName]DearProfessorLee,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.Mynameis[YourName],astudentinyourEnglishwritingclass.Iamwritingtorespectfullyrequestaone-weekextensiononourwritingassignment,whichisduenextMonday.Unfortunately,IhavebeensufferingfromabadcoldandfeversincethisWednesday,whichhasmadeitdifficultformetoconcentrateonwriting.Mydoctorhasadvisedmetorestforseveraldays.IamnowrecoveringandwouldliketosubmittherevisedessaybythefollowingMonday,20January.Ifullyunderstandtheimportanceofthedeadlineandwillensur