2011届高考英语二轮专题复习课件(湖南专用)：阅读简答-其他文体

1、专题三其他文体,专题三其他文体,专题三考题导读,阅读简答题选取的材料还有议论文和新闻报道两种。其中所选取的议论文通常有两类：一是先分析人们习以为常的现象，指出其中的谬误，然后阐述自己的观点；二是开门见山地点明要阐述的观点，然后通过类比等手段来证明该观点。掌握议论文的特点，把握好作者在文章中所阐述的观点利于快速把握全文脉络，准确找到有效的答题信息句。,专题三考题导读,时事新闻类阅读材料往往语言地道、内容时新。新闻阅读材料都由标题(Headlines)、导语(Introductions)、背景(Background)、主体(Mainbody)和结尾(Ends)五部分构成。此类文章主题突出，文章的第

2、一句话或第一段往往就是对整篇文章的高度概括，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。阅读时，要善于捕捉新闻细节，根据问题善于找到相关句并能分析理解长难句，从而在归纳、概括、推理的基础上准确谴词组句作答。,专题三真题再现,2007湖南Thenorthmagneticpole(磁极)isnolongeraresidentofCanada.IthasdriftedacrosstheCanadianArcticandisnowanglingtowardSiberia.,专题三真题再现,NottobeconfusedwiththegeographicNorthPolethenorthernextremityofth

3、eEarthsaxis(地轴)，thenorthmagneticpole(wheretheEarthsmagneticfieldisdirecteddownward)ismovingduetonaturalchangesintheEarthsmagneticfield,aprocessthatoriginatesabout3,000kilometersbelowourfeet,intheoutercore(核心)oftheplanet.Butscientistsarenownoticingthatthemagneticpolehaspickedupitspace.,专题三真题再现,Overth

4、epastcentury,thepolehasbeenmigratingatanaveragespeedofabout10kilometersperyear,saysLarryNewitt,headofGeomagneticLaboratoryatNaturalResourcesCanadainOttawa.Sincethe1970s,thisspeedhasincreasedtoabout50kilometersperyear.,专题三真题再现,Scientistsarewonderingwhythespeedisincreasing,saysNewitt.Onehypothesis(假说)

5、relatesitto“magneticjerks”，suddenshifts(变化)intherateofchangeofthemagneticfield.Therehavebeenthreejerksinthepastfourdecades,eachonecorrelatingtoanincreaseinspeed.,专题三真题再现,Ifthenorthmagneticpolecontinuesatitscurrentrate,itcouldreachSiberiaby2056.“Formostofrecordedhistory,thepolehasbeenapartofCanada,an

6、dnowitsnot，”saysNewitt.Itmaybeablowtoourcollectivepsyche,butotherthanthat,itdoesnthaveamajoreffectonmostpeoplesexistence.,专题三真题再现,1Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“angling”._2Whatcouldhappentothenorthmagneticpolebythemiddleofthe21century?(nomorethan8words)_3Whatisthemainideao

7、fthepassage?(nomorethan8words)_,专题三真题再现,【文章大意】本文为新闻报道。报道北磁极向西伯利亚方向移动的原因、移动的速度及其影响。1Moving/Migrating.通过理解画线词“angling”所在的句子“IthasdriftedacrosstheCanadianArcticandisnowanglingtowardSiberia.”，可判断其关键词是“It(Thenorthmagneticpole)”与“Siberia”，即：北磁极正朝西伯利亚方向“angling”；,专题三真题再现,再根据“Thenorthmagneticpole”不难在第二段找到信息

8、句“thenorthmagneticpoleismovingduetonaturalchangesintheEarthsmagneticfield”和第三段找到“thepolehasbeenmigratingatanaveragespeedofabout10kilometersperyear”，从而判断答案为“Moving或Migrating”。,专题三真题再现,2ItcouldreachSiberia.抓住关键词“themiddleofthe21century”可在倒数第二段找到信息句“Ifthenorthmagneticpolecontinuesatitscurrentrate,itcou

9、ldreachSiberiaby2056”，从而可以判断作答。3Thenorthmagneticpoleismovingfaster.全文主题句为首段中的“IthasdriftedacrosstheCanadianArcticandisnowanglingtowardSiberia.”，由下文语义逻辑关系可以推断angling即为“移动”之意，再结合全文内容稍加归纳便可归纳作答。,专题三专题预测,(一)AhusbandandwifeteamfromCaliforniareachedthePacificOceanaftera4,900milecrosscountrywalk,becomingth

10、efirsttobackpacktheAmericanDiscoveryTrailinonecontinuouswalk.,专题三专题预测,MarciaandKenPowersstartedthetravelacross13states,through14nationalparksand16nationalforestsonFeb.27fromDelaware.Nearlyeightmonthslater,theexcitedcouplewalkedthroughwaterintothePacificOcean,adayaheadoftime.,专题三专题预测,Wearealittlesadt

11、hatagreatadventureisover.Itwasafantasticadventure.Andnowwegohomeandjustdohousework.Itsreallysad,saidMarcia,whoisinher50s.Sheandher60yearoldhusbandtraversedcities,desert,mountainsandfarmlandbeforereachingthePacificwitharmsaroundeachothersbackpacks.,专题三专题预测,TheyovercamedeepsnowintheEast,aquicksandinUt

12、ah,closelightningstrikesintheMidwestandstrongdesertsandstormsintheWestwhileaveraging22milesadayandtakingonlyfourdaysrest.ButtheyenjoyedtheFrenchhistoryofSt.Louis,thebeautyoftheColoradoRockiesandthekindnessofstrangerstheymetalongtheway.,专题三专题预测,Theyparticularlyremembertwobrothersadoctorandadentistwho

13、putthemupintheirhomesaround.Chester,.,afterterribledays,andamotorcyclistswhogavethemwateraftertheyfailedtofindanyonUtahslonelyWahWahdesert.,专题三专题预测,“Americansaretrulywarmheartedandwonderful，”MarciaPowerssaid.“Wegottomeetpeoplethatwewouldnevermeetinourdailylivesathome.Wegottotouchitwithourfeetandhand

14、sandsmellallitssmellandhearitswildlife.Itsaamazingcountry，”sheadded.,专题三专题预测,1Howlongdidittakethecoupletocover4,900milesonfoot？(nomorethan3words)_2WhydidthecouplehugeachotherafterreachingthePacific?(nomorethan8words)_3Useatleastthreeadjectivestodescribethecouplesjourney.(nomorethan4words)_4Whatisthe

15、besttitleforthetext？(nomorethan9words)_,专题三专题预测,1Nearly8months.根据第二段“Nearlyeightmonthslater,theexcitedcouplewalkedthroughwaterintothePacificOcean,adayaheadoftime.”可判断作答。2Becausetheyhadfinishedthecrosscountrywalk.综合第一、二段可判断作答。3Adventurous,tough/challenging/difficultbutenjoyable/fantastic/wonderful.综合

16、第三、四段及最后一段可推断作答。4Acouplefinisheda4,900milewalkacrossAmerica根据全文及首句可判断作答。,专题三专题预测,(二)Manyoftheproblemsfacingtodaysworldarentnewstous.Theenvironmentisindireneedofhelpbecauseitsbeingdamaged,hungeriswidespreadthroughouttheworld,andworkersintheThirdWorldCountriesarecontinuouslybeingexploited.Therefore,in

17、dividualsacrosstheglobeneedtoband(团结)togetherforacauseandusetheircollectiveeffortstomakeallthedifferenceintheworld.,专题三专题预测,Forinstance,onepersonrecyclingacanorabottledoesntseemlikemuch.Butifeveryhouseholdinagivencitywastorecycleandconserveenergy,thatcitycouldmakeahugepositiveimpactonenvironmentalda

18、mage.Similarly,therearecountlesswaystohelpfightworldhungerwhetheritstodonatemoneytoadedicatedworldwidecharity,donatecannedgoodstoyourlocalcharity,orevenmakelifestylechangeslikegoingvegetarian.Worldhungerisamassiveproblembutitdoesntmeanindividualsthemselvescantmakeadifference.,专题三专题预测,Workerexploitat

19、ionisanotherhugeproblem.AllacrosstheworldparticularlyintheThirdWorldCountriesworkersareforcedtolaborlonghours,withclosetonopay.Yettheseworkerscontinuetoshowuptosuchawayoflife,becausetheyhavenootheroptions.,专题三专题预测,So,howcanpeoplelikeushelpfightsuchabigproblem?Simplyraisingawarenessoftheproductsyoubu

20、yinstoresfromclothingtofoodisamassivestart.Forexample,ifyouseetwosimilarproductssidebysideinafoodshop,butoneofthemislabeled“fairtrade”，youllknowimmediatelythattheworkerswholaboredtoproducethatproductweregivenafairpricefortheirgoods.Andtrue,fairtradeproductsmightcostalittlebitmore,butbuyingthemisasig

21、nificantstarttohelpfightworkerexploitation.,专题三专题预测,Inshort,eachofusshouldbesociallyconscioustomakeadifferencetowidespreadsocialproblems.1Whatproblemsfacingtodaysworldarementionedinthefirstparagraph？(nomorethan8words)_2Whatshouldbedonetofightworldhunger?(nomorethan15words)_,专题三专题预测,3Howistheproductw

22、hichislabeled“fairtrade”differentfromotherproducts?(nomorethan13words)_4Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(nomorethan15words)_,专题三专题预测,1Environmentaldamage,worldhunger,andworkerexploitation.根据第一段“Manyoftheproblemsfacingtodaysworldarentnewstous.Theenvironmentisindireneedofhelpbecauseitsbeingdamaged,hungeriswidespreadth