that引导的宾语从句PPT课件

1、-,1,宾语从句,-,2,什么是宾语从句？,试比较：,Weknowhim,WeknowhelikesEnglish.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是用一个句子来充当宾语。,简单句,复合句,-,3,宾语从句分为三类：,(1)that引导的宾语从句Ihope(that)itwillsnowthiswinter.,(2)whether/if引导的宾语从句Imnotsureifhewillcome.,(3)疑问词引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknowwhathewilldonext.,-,4,例如：Ihope(that)itwillsnowthiswinter.Bettythinks(

2、that)treescanimprovetheair.Iknow(that)heisfriendly.,注：that没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句。多数情况下that可以省略。,当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望、相信、知道、说”时，(如：say,think,believe,expect,hope,wish，know，see,feel,remember,forget等）其后面的句子一般用that引导。,（一）引导词,-,5,(二)语序,宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。,例如：Ihear(that)physicsisnteasy.Ithink(that)yo

3、uwilllikethisschoolsoon.,-,6,(三)时态,当主句是一般现在时时，宾语从句可根据实际情况而使用不同的时态。,2.当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时,宾语从句通常也要用过去的某种时态。（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,-,7,HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.,hehadfinishedhiswork.,hewouldgotoHongKong.,hewassick.,hewasreadingabook.,-,8,3.当宾语从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名

4、言警句等时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时。,Hetoldmetheeartharoundthesun.（move）,moves,SummerisafterSpring.,Hetoldme(that),thesunrisesintheeast.,Theteachertoldus(that),-,9,宾语从句三要素,that(陈述句),ifwhether(一般疑问句),特殊疑问词(特殊疑问句),主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理时态不变,-,10,否定转移,当宾语从句表示否定意义时，且主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think/beli

5、eve/suppose/imagine等时，一般将否定词not转移到主句的谓语中,这就叫做“否定转移”。,误：Ithinkhewontcome.,我认为他不会来。,正：Idontthinkhewillcome.,注意：上述情况变成反意义疑问句时，附加问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加问句要看主句。试比较：,Ithinkheiswrong,isnthe?Hethinksheiswrong,donthe？,-,11,Thankyou!,-,12,Completethesentences.,（1）Sallysaid,“Itsveryquiet!”Sallysaid_.,（2）Sally

6、said,“Nooneisshouting.”Sallysaid_.（3）Linglingsaid,“Theairisverycleartoday.”Linglingsaid_.,thatnoonewasshouting,thattheairwasveryclearthatday,thatitwasveryquiet,LetsPractise.,-,13,宾语从句的否定转移当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose，expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。Idontthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.,-,1

7、4,主句的谓语动同think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。IdontbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,wontshe/he?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedtheproject,haventyou?,-,15,如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.

8、Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?,-,16,当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。Yoursistersupposessheneedsnohelp,doesntshe?Youthoughttheycouldhavecompletedtheproject,didntyou?Theydontbelieveshesanengineer,dothey?Shedoesntexpectthatwearecomingsosoon,doesshe?,-,17,宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一

9、般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。,-,18,(4)Damingsaid,“Everyoneischeeringnow.”Damingsaid_.,thateveryonewascheeringthen,(5)Tonysaid,“Itsverynoisyhere!”Tonysaid_.,thatitwasverynoisythere,-,19,宾语从句的时态受主句的限制1.主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前则从句要用过去完成时态。例:1)Shesaysthatsheisastudent.Shesaidthatshewasastudent.2)ShesaysthatshewillflytoJapaninaweek.ShesaidthatshewouldflytoJapaninaweek.,-,20,3)Shesaysthatshehasfinishedherhomeworkalready:Shesaidthatshe