大学英语四级考试辅导语法课件

1、大学英语专题辅导,专题一：重点语法部分,第一章虚拟语气,虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示一种假设、意愿、建议、请求等不可能成为事实的情况。1虚拟语气用于非真实条件句非真实条件句，往往表示一种不真实的假设。一般地，非真实条件句由连接词If引导，但也可以省略，还有其它一些形式的非真实条件句。,11谓语动词的各种形式在If引导的非真实条件句中，谓语动词具有以下特殊形式：,与现在从句did,were,V-ed事实相反主句would(should,could,might)+v.与过去从句had+V-ed/been事实相反主句would(should,could,might)+have+v-ed对未

2、来的从句wereto/should+v虚拟推测主句would(should,could,might)+v.,1.1.1.和现在事实相反的非真实条件句,这类非真实条件句表示和现在事实相反的情况。比如：-Iwould/shouldcertainlygoifIhadthetime.如果我有时间，我一定会去的。-IfIwereyourfather,Iwouldcriticizeyoumoreseverely.如果我是你父亲，我会更严厉地批评你。,-Howniceitwouldbeifyoucouldstayabitlonger！如果你能久留些日子，那多好啊！-IfIknewhisaddress,Iwo

3、uldbeabletowritetohim.如果我知道他的地址，我就能给他写信了。-Ifhewerehere,hemightbeabletohelp.如果他在这里，他或许会帮忙的。,1.1.2.和过去事实相反的非真实条件句这类非真实条件句表示过去未发生的事情，和过去事实相反。比如：,-IfIhadleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果我早一点离开的话，我就会赶上火车了。-Themanslifemighthavebeensavedifhehadbeensenttoabetterhospital.如果把那个人送到一家更好的医院的话，他也许回被救

4、活的,-IcouldhavedonebetterifIhadbeenmorecareful.我要是更细心一些的话，会做得更好的。Youwouldnthavecaughtcoldifyouhadputonmoreclothes.你如果多穿些衣服，就不会着凉了。,1.1.3.对未来事情的虚拟推测这类非真实条件句表示对未来事情的虚拟推测。-IfIwereto/shoulddoit,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.,这类非真实条件句表示对未来事情的虚拟推测。-IfIwereto/shoulddoit,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.如果我去做这事的话，我会用不同

5、方式去做的。-Ifthisweretohappenagain,wewouldntletyouoffsoeasily.如果这样的事情再次发生，我们不会如此轻易的放过你的。-Iftheyshoulddaretoinvadeourcountry,wewouldwipethemoutcompletely.如果他们胆敢侵略我们国家，我们会将他们全部消灭掉。,1.1.4.省略If的非真实条件句虚拟条件句中的连接词if省略时，要把were,had,should移到从句的主语之前。比如:,-WereIrich(=ifIwererich),Iwouldgiveyousomemoney.如果我富有的话，我会给你一

6、些钱的。,-HadIhadmoretime(=IfIhadhadmoretime),Iwouldhavefinishedmyhomework.如果我有更多些时间，我一定已经完成家庭作业了。-Shouldhecomeearly(=Ifheshouldcomeearly),tellhimtowaitforhiswife.如果他来得早，告诉他等候他的妻子。,1.1.5.错综时间非真实条件句主句表示的动作和从句表示的动作所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据表示的时间进行调整，如果从句表示过去，而主句表示现在，或者从句表示现在，而主句表示过去，可以使用混合虚拟形式.,-Ifshehadtakenthe

7、doctorsadvice,shewouldntbeinhospitalnow.如果她听从医生建议的话，现在也就不会住院了。,如果汤姆通过了大学考试，他现在就在这所大学里学习了。-Ifshewasntsobusynow,shemighthavejoinedusinthework.如果她现在不那么忙，她或许会参加我们的工作。,-Tomwouldbestudyingattheuniversitynowifhehadpassedtheentranceexamination.,1.1.6.含蓄条件句英语中有些句子从形式上看不包含条件从句，但在意义上却是非真实条件句，这类句子称为含蓄条件句，这样的句子可

8、分为三类,1.省略整个条件句-Suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.(省略了ifwehadbeenmorecareful).这样的错误本来是能够避免的。-Ishouldhavecaughtthetrain.(省略了ifIhadleftalittleearlier)我本应该赶上火车的。,2.用介词或介词短语表示的非真实条件句-Butforairandwater,nolivingthingcouldexist.没有氧气和水，任何生物都不能生存。-Withoutsteel,therewouldbehardlyanyindustrytotalkabout.没有钢，几乎任何工

9、业都无从谈起。-Iwouldhavedonethesameinthatposition.我要是处于那个位置，也会那样做的.,3.通过上下文来表示非真实条件句-Iwasillthatday,otherwiseIwouldhavecometoseeyou.那天我生病了，否则我就来看你了。-Youcannotdothat.Itwouldruinyourlife.你不能那样做，那会毁了你的一生。-Tomjustgivesupeverythingforher.Herrywouldntbethatsilly.汤姆为她放弃一切，亨利才不会那么傻呢。,1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句1.2.1.句型“wishth

10、at”在wish后的that宾语从句中：1.如果表示对现在的愿望，从句谓语要使用过去时:（1）从句谓语动词如果是be，则用were形式。（2）从句谓语动词如果是行为动词，则用过去时形式。-IwishIwereabird.但愿我是只鸟儿。-Iwishyoudidnttalklikethat.但愿你没有那样说。,2.如果表示对将来的愿望，从句谓语动词用“would(could,might)+动词原形”的形式。-Iwishyouwoulddothefavorforme.但愿你会帮我这个忙。-IwishIcouldspeakseverallanguages.但愿我会说好几种语言。,3.如果表示对过去没

11、有实现或不可能实现的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去完成时形式“had+done/been”形式。-Iwishyouhadntmadesomanyspellingmistakesinthelastexam.但愿上次考试你没出那么多拼写错误。-IwishthatIhadlistenedtoyouradvice.多希望我那时听了你的话。,1.2.2.句型“主语+引起虚拟的动词+含虚拟语气的宾语从句”,1.英语中有很多表示愿望、请求、命令、建议等意义的动词，当它们作为谓语引导宾语从句时,从句谓语必须用“(should)+动词原形”的形式.常用的这类动词有：,demand,insist,suggest,com

12、mand,request,order,propose,desire,require,urge,maintain,deserve,recommend,intend,move,ask,prefer,advise,decide等等。-Theteacherinsistedthatallthestudents(should)beontime.老师要求学生们准时到校。-Hesuggestedthattheregulations(should)berevised.他建议修改规则。,Thelawyeraskedthatthecase(should)bepostponedforonemonth.律师要求案子往后

13、推迟一个月。但是，请注意：1.在书面语中，should常常可以省略，在TOEFL考试中，should必须省略。,2.在动词expect,believe,think,suspect等的否定形式或疑问形式后，其宾语从句的谓语可用虚拟语气，其形式为“should+动词原形或完成时用来表示惊讶、困惑、怀疑、不满等情绪。比如：-Ineverexpectedthattheproblemshouldbesocomplicated.我从未想到问题会如此复杂。-Theyjustcouldntbelievethatthenewstadiumshouldbesobig.他们简直不能相信新的体育馆会如此大。-Idon

14、tthinkheshouldhavedonethefavorforyou.我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。,1.3.虚拟语气用于主语从句1.3.1.句型1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为：Itis/was+引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分词+含虚拟语气的主语从句2.这类主语从句常常用于表示要求、建议、命令、请求、提议等，其谓语形式往往为“（should）+动词原形”的形式。在美国，常省略should，而在英国，则往往不省略should。,比如：-Itisnecessarythatthemachine(should)beoiledeveryday.机器必须天天上油。-Itisdesiredthateve

15、rystudent(should)passtheexam.要求每位学生都得通过考试。,1.3.2.可以引导这类虚拟语气的主语从句的形容词和过去分词,1.一般形容词important,necessarynatural,possible,essential,vital,appropriate,better,best,imperative,probable等等。,Itisimportant/vital/necessary/essentialthattheenvironment(should)beprotected.2.表示惊讶、厌恶、不解等意义的形容词：用来强调“惊讶”的语气。,pity,inter

16、esting,strange,odd,amazing,astonishing,surprising,annoying,ridiculous,absurd,sorry,shocked,astonished,unthinkable,incredible等等。,-Itisamazingthathe(should)finishtheworksosoon.-Itisapity/interesting/strange/odd/surprising/annoying/absurd/ridiculousthatamanlikehim(should)makesuchafoolishmistake.-Iamsor

17、ry/shocked/astonishedthathe(should)feelthatway.在这里，should用于强调“惊讶”的意义。,3.“特殊”形容词，这些形容词往往与上面所列的能引起虚拟语气的动词相对应。如：advisable,desirable,urgent,preferable等等。-Itisdesirablethattheclassroom(should)becleanedinanhour.希望教室在一个小时内打扫干净。-Itisadvisablethatanotheruniversity(should)besetup.建立另一所大学是行得通的。,4.动词过去分词，这些分词也往

18、往与上面所列的能引起虚拟语气的动词相对应。比如：desired,advised,decided,required,requested,proposed,ordered,demanded,insisted,arranged,moved,suggested等等。Itisrecommended/decided/requested/suggestedthattherules(should)beprotected.,1.4.虚拟语气用于状语从句1.4.1.由asif/though引导的表语从句和方式状语从句1.其谓语形式跟wish后的宾语从句中的谓语形式一样，有如下形式：（1）如果表示与现在事实相反，从

19、句谓语要使用过去时，即：从句谓语动词如果是系动词be，则用were形式；如果是行为动词，则用过去时形式。（2）如果表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时形式“had+动词的过去分词”，也可用“could/would+动词的完成时”形式。（3）如果表示与将来事实相反，从句谓语为“would(could,might)+动词原形”的形式。,2.举例-Helooksasifhewereill.他看上去仿佛病了。-Thismachineoperatedasthoughithadbeenrepaired.这机器运行良好，仿佛修理过一样。-Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsf

20、oryears.他们交谈起来似乎是多年的朋友一样。-Itseemsasifitwerespringalready.现在仿佛已经是春天了。,1.4.2.由某些连词引导的让步状语从句以下连词可以引导让步状语从句：lest,forfearthat,whether等。-Hetookhisraincoatwithhimlestitshouldrain.他随身带上雨衣，生怕下雨。-Wehidbehindsomebushesforfearthatpassers-byshouldseeus.我们躲在矮树后，以防过路人看见。-Allmatter,whetheritbegas,liquidorsolid,isma

21、deupofatoms.所有物质，无论是气体、液体、还是固体，均由原子组成。,1.4.3.由某些连词引导的条件状语从句1可以引导含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句的连词有：incase(假使，说不定)unless（除非，如果不）supposing（假如）providing（倘若）onconditionthat（如果）2.这类条件状语的谓语动词可用动词的过去时形式，也可用“（should）+动词原形”或“may(might,could,would)+动词原形”的形式。,3.举例-IwillgetsomebeerincaseJohnshouldcomehere.我会弄些啤酒，以便约翰来这里。-Unless

22、heweremyfriend,Ishouldnotexpecthishelp.如果他不是我的朋友，我不会期待他的帮助。-Supposinghenevercame!Whatwouldyoudothen?假设他不来！你们将怎么办呢？-Providingyouhadtheopportunitytogoabroad.Wherewouldyougo?假若你有机会出国，你会上哪儿去？,1.4.4.由某些连词引导的状语从句1.可以引导含有虚拟语气的目的状语从句的连词有：inorderthat;sothat2.这种目的状语从句的谓语动词用“may/might或can/could+动词原形”形式。1.举例-Sh

23、elistenedcarefullyinorderthatshemightdiscoverexactlywhathewanted.她仔细听着，以图发现她真正想要的东西。-Shetookthefrontseatsothatshecould/mighthearmoreclearly.她坐在前排以便听得更清楚些。,1.4.5.由某些代词或词组引导的让步状语从句1.可以引导含有虚拟语气的让步状语从句的代词或词组有：wh-ever型代词，nomatterwh-型词组。2.这种让步状语从句的谓语动词通常用“（may）+动词原形”的形式；若指过去的动作，则用（may）+havedone。,.举例-Whate

24、verdefectshemayhave,heisanhonestman.无论他有什么缺陷，他都是一个诚实的人。-Iwontletyouinwhoeveryoumaybe.无论你是谁，我都不会让你进来。-Comewhatmay,wellgoahead.无论发生什么情况，我们都要干下去。-Youmustntbeproud,howevermuchyoumayhaveachieved.不管你取得了多大成就，都不应骄傲。,1.5.其它表示虚拟语气的句型1.5.1.虚拟语气用于表语从句和同位语从句1.当表语从句的主语和同位语的先行词是能够引起虚拟语气的抽象名词时，从句必须用虚拟语气.其形式为：从句的谓语动

25、词用“(should)+动词原形”的形式。2.能够引起虚拟语气的抽象名词（1）一般名词：idea,motion,plan等等。（2）与那些能够引导虚拟语气的动词相对应的名词。比如：advice,demand,desire,order,proposal,preference,requirement,suggestion,decision,recommendation等等,-Yoursuggestionthathebeinvitedwasrejected.你的关于邀请他的建议被拒绝了。-Mysuggestionisthathe(should)takepartinthegame.我建议让他参加比赛。

26、-Whatdoyouthinkofmyproposalthatwe(should)gotowatchthegamenextSunday?我建议下周日去看比赛，你们认为如何？,1.5.2.一些特殊句型1.句型“hadhoped/thought+宾语从句”表示“过去未实现的愿望或想法”，有“本来希望，本来以为”之意，从句谓语要用“would+动词原形”的形式。-Mikehadhopedthatshewouldanswerhisletter.迈克本来以为她会回他信的。,2.句型“wouldrather/wouldsooner/would(just)assoon+从句”这种句型后面常接省去that的从

27、句，从句谓语用过去时表示还不是事实，用过去完成时表示发生在过去的但没有实现的事情。-Iwouldrathertheycametomorrow.我希望他们明天来。-Iwouldrathertheyhadcomeyesterday.我真希望你昨天来了。（其实没有来）-Iwouldjustassoonyoupostedtheletterrightaway.我真希望你立即把这封信寄出去。,3.句型“Itis(high,about)time(that)”这种从句谓语使用“should动词原型”时，表示对现在事实的虚拟；使用动词的过去时，是对未来的虚拟推测；现在一般使用后一种形式。比如：-Itistime

28、(that)wewenttobed.-Itishightime(that)weputanendtothiscontroversy.,4.句型IfonlyIfonly表示“但愿”、“要是就好了”之意，其用法和句型“Iwish”基本相同，只是更富有感情色彩，与should连用，表示一时很难实现的愿望。-IfonlyIcouldfly!我要是会飞就好了！-IfonlyIwouldpassthefinalexam!但愿我能通过期末考试！-Ifonlytherainwouldstop.这雨要是停下来就好了。,.虚拟语气可以用于otherwise或or引导的并列分句-Idontknowhisaddress

29、;otherwiseIwouldwritehimearlier.我不知道他的地址，否则我早就给他写信了。-Ididntknowhisaddress;otherwiseIwouldhavewrittenhimearlier.以前我不知道他的地址，否则我早就给他写信了。,.虚拟语气用于表示祝福、愿望、诅咒、禁止等意义。-Mayyoubehappy!祝你幸福！-LonglivethePeoplesRepublicofChina!中华人民共和国万岁！-Godblessyou!上帝保佑你！-Goddamnyou!该死的！-Heavenforbid!天理不容！-Sobeit.但愿如此就这样吧。-Devil

30、takehim!混蛋！,7.虚拟语气用于使语气变得委婉和客气-Wouldyoumindopeningthewindowforme?你能给我打开窗子吗？-Idliketogowithyou.我和你去。-Youmightaswellputthemeetingoffforafewdays.你们不妨把会议推迟几天。-Theleadershipwouldntallowit.领导上恐怕不会同意。,练习1：1.IwishI_youbetter.A.knowB.knewC.willknowD.haveknown2.Iwishedit_butitdid.A.occurrednotB.hadnotoccurred

31、C.wouldnotoccurD.didnotoccur3.IfonlyI_theanswer,Iwouldhavetoldyou.A.knewB.haveknownC.wouldknowD.hadknown4.IfI_tomorrow,whatwouldwedo?A.willnotriseB.wouldnotriseC.didnotriseD.hadnotrise,5._,Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme.A.HadIbeenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.Ihadbeenyou6.UnlessyoulearntGerman,there_littlepo

32、intinyourgoingtoaGermanuniversity.A.wouldbeB.willbeC.canbeD.wouldntbe7.Itshightime_himaseverelessonforbeingoftenlate.A.yougiveB.yougaveC.youllgiveD.youshouldgive,8.Ifwedidnothaveatmosphericpressure,weautomobiletires.A.cannothaveB.couldnothaveC.willnothaveD.arenothaving9.Thedoctorsuggestedthatyourbro

33、therhisrighthand.A.avoidtouseB.avoidusingC.hasavoidusingD.avoidedtouse10.Iwouldbegratefulifyouthearrangementsforme.A.makeB.weretomakeC.madeD.wouldmake,11.Ifthereafire,ringthenumber119.A.isB.wereC.shouldbeD.be12.Itisimportantthateachofyou_anotebooktoclasswithyoueveryday.A.willbringB.mustbringC.brings

34、D.bring13.Werecommendthatwork_atonce.A.startB.startsC.willstartD.started14.Theradioistoonoisy.Iwishyou_down.A.willturnB.wouldturnC.aretoturnD.canturn,15.Ifyouhadnttoldmeaboutit,I_unawareofthefactsnow.A.wouldstillhavebeenB.mstillC.wouldstillbeD.wasstill16.Idjustassoon_rudelytoher.A.thatyouwontspeakB.

35、younotspeakingC.younotspeakD.youdidntspeak17.Benwouldhavestudiedmedicineifhe_toamedicalschool.A.couldbeabletoenterB.hadbeenadmittedC.wasadmittedD.wereadmitted,18.IfBob_withus,hewouldhavehadagoodtime.A.wouldcomeB.wouldhavecomeC.hadcomeD.came19.WehadhopedthatMary_wellagain.A.willsoonbeB.hadsoonbeenC.i

36、ssoonD.wouldsoonbe20.Ifyouhadtakenthemedicineyesterday,you_sobadnow.A.wouldnthavefeltB.dontfeelC.wouldntbefeelingD.arentfeeling,21.Ifhewerereallyhonest,he_thetruthatlastmeeting.A.wouldtellB.toldC.shouldhavetoldD.musthavetold22.Butforthestorm,I_homebeforenight.A.wouldbeB.wasC.wouldhavebeenD.hadbeen23

37、.Ifithadnotbeenforlily,I_.A.shallnothaveunderstooditB.wouldntunderstanditC.mightnothaveunderstooditD.donotunderstandit,24.Itisnecessarythatthecourseingeneralscience_takenbeforethechemistrycourse.A.isB.beC.tobeD.willbe25.Ifithadnotbeenforthestormwe_muchearlier.A.shouldarriveB.shouldhavearrivedC.would

38、arriveD.mightarrive26.Itisvitalthatyou_ourcompetitorstoknowourplans.A.donotpermitB.willnotpermitC.notpermitD.havenotpermitted,28.MayIbegthatyou_anydecisioninthismatteruntilIseeyou?A.donotmakeB.willnotmakeC.notmakeD.didnotmake29.Thestudentsrequestthatthey_givenlesshomework.A.beB.areC.willbeD.were30.H

39、etalksasifhe_everything.A.knowsB.hasknownC.knewD.willknow31.-WhatsMaryssecondname?-How_Iknow?A.canB.shouldC.doD.could,32.Ifyou_amoment,Illgoandtellthemanagerthatyouarehere.A.willwaitB.waitedC.waitD.weretowait33.Youwillloseweightifyou_onadiet.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.hadgone34.Ifyou_themovielastnight,youw

40、ouldntbesosleepy.A.haventwatchedB.didntwatchC.wouldnthavewatchedD.hadntwatched,35.Iamsorrythathe_theoffer.A.shouldrefuseB.hasrefuseC.refusesD.shouldhaverefused36.Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechild_.A.wouldnotdieB.wouldnothavediedC.couldnotdieD.couldnothavedie37.Heworeamasksothatnoone_him.A.canreco

41、gnizeB.mayrecognizeC.recognizeD.shouldrecognize,38.Ididntknowhistelephonenumber;otherwiseI_him.A.telephonedB.hadtelephonedC.wouldhavetelephonedD.wastelephoning39.Hadshebeengivensomeinformation,she_thequestion.A.wouldanswerB.couldanswerC.couldhaveansweredD.answered40.Wehungoutalanternlesthe_lostinthe

42、mist.A.getsB.getC.willgetD.got,41.Itisbestthatyou_yourtripatonce.A.cancelB.canceledC.willcancelD.aretocancel42.Ifeelveryuncomfortable.IwishI_somuch.A.donoteatB.didnoteatC.hadnoteatenD.havenoteaten43.Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI_toit.A.hadnotgoneB.havenotgoneC.didnotgoD.cannothavegone,44

43、.Atthethoughtheshookhimself,asthoughhe_fromanevildream.A.wokeB.wakesC.wouldwakeD.hadwoke45.Iwontletyouoffwhoever_.A.youareB.youwillbeC.youmaybeD.yoube46.Yourexaminationresultswerequitesatisfactory,but_ifyouhadspentlesstimeinplayingbasketball.A.wouldnttheybebetterB.wouldnttheyhavebeenbetterC.hadntthe

44、ybeenbetterD.werenttheybetter,47.Nomatterwhat_IamdeterminedtodowhatIthinkitright.A.yousayB.youwillsayC.yousaidD.youmaysay48.Itwassuggestedthatthisnaughtyboy_A.willbepunishedB.couldbepunishedC.waspunishedD.bepunished49.IfWatergate_Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.A.hadnotoccurredB.wasnotocc

45、urredC.didnotoccurD.wouldnotoccur,50.Itisastonishingthatapersonofyourintelligence_betakeninsoeasily.A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.would51.Itwasdecidedthatthematter_referredtospecialcommittee.A.wasB.beC.tobeD.wastobe52.Whatwouldhappensupposingtheworld_spinning.A.stopB.stoppedC.wouldstopD.hadstopped,53.Thel

46、aunchingoftherocketwasdelayedhalfanhourbybadweather.Iftheweather_goodtheywouldhavelauncheditat8:40insteadofat9:10.A.beB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe54.Whydopeoplealwaysweardarkclothesatnight?Ifthey_lightcoloredclothesdriverswouldseethemmuchmoreeasily.A.wearB.wouldwearC.woreD.hadworn,55.Ididnotrecognizehim

47、atfirstbecausehewaswearingdarkglasses;ifhe_them,I_himimmediately.A.wasntwearingcouldrecognizedB.wasntwearingcouldhaverecognizedC.hadntbeenwearingmightrecognizeD.hadntbeenwearingcouldhaverecognized56._electroniccomputersnotbeenused,itwouldhavetakenthemalongtimetosolvethecomplicatedproblem.A.HadB.Have

48、C.HasD.Were,57.Withoutair,we_forcedtoseekshelterfromthesun,asthere_noatmospheretoprotectusfromthesunsdeadlyrays.A.will,beB.maybe,maybeC.wouldbe,wouldbeD.are,is58.Intheabsenceoffriction,belts_inconveyingpowerfromonemachinetoanother.A.willnotbeusedB.maynotbeusedC.cannotbeusedD.couldnotbeused,59.Itisde

49、cidedthatnosmoking_intheroomA.isallowedB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.shouldhavebeenallowed60.Thedoctorinsistedthatthispatient_forthesedays.A.notworkhardB.worknothardC.notworkhardD.doesnotworkhard,61.Theleaderraisedhisvoicesothatwe_.A.couldallhearB.canallhearC.allshouldhearD.allmayhear62.Heturnedtherad

50、iodownverylowinorderthathe_disturbtheoldladydownstairs.A.shouldntB.maynotC.shallnotD.couldnt63.Thedoctorinsistedthathispatient_.A.thathenotworktoohardfortwomonthsB.takeiteasyfortwomonthsC.takingiteasyinsideoftwomonthsD.totakesomevacationstwomonths,64.Ifhehadnttakenglovesoff,he_frostbitten.A.wonthave

51、gotB.hadntgotC.wouldnthavegotD.shouldnthavegot65.Ifyouhadbeenhere,what_?A.shouldyoudoB.wouldyouhavedoneC.haveyoudoneD.didyoudo66.-Whyareyouinsuchbadtemper?-BecauseIhavebeenwaitingforanhourinanicywind.Ifyou_foranhourinanicywind,you_inbadtemper,too.,A.werewaitingwouldbeB.waitedhadbeenC.hadbeenwaitingw

52、ouldhavebeD.hadbeenwaitingwouldbe67.Everything_ifNancyhadnotcalledthefirebrigade.A.willbedestroyedB.willhavedestroyedC.woulddestroyD.wouldhavebeendestroyed68.Thechairmanrequestedthat_.A.themembersstudiedmorecarefullytheproblemB.theproblemwasmorecarefulnesslystudied,C.withmorecarefulnesstheproblemcou

53、ldbestudiedD.themembersstudytheproblemmorecarefully69._hewouldhavecometotheclass.A.IfMikeisabletofinishhishomeworkB.WouldMikebeabletofinishhishomeworkC.IfMikecouldfinishhishomeworkD.IfMikehadbeenabletofinishhishomework70.IfIhadseenthesignal,I_.A.wouldstopB.wouldhavestoppedC.musthavestoppedD.hadstopp

54、ed,71.Somescientistssaythatitisessentialthatmankind_theamountofthepollutioninbigcities.A.reduceB.reducedC.bereducedD.willreduce72.IfIcouldswim,I_withyoutothereservoiryesterday.A.wouldgoB.wentC.hadgoneD.wouldhavegone73.Theywouldstillbemissingatseaifapassingship_them.A.didnotspotB.hadnotspottedC.wasno

55、tspottingD.wouldnotspot,74.WedarenotplayjokesonMr.Kanelesthe_angry.A.willbecomeB.shouldbecomeC.becomesD.became75.Itisagreatpitythatyou_havedonesuchathing.A.oughttoB.shouldC.couldD.might76.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms_backbeforethedeadline.A.mustbesentB.weresentC.wouldbesentD.besent,77.Itish

56、ighlydesirablethatanewpresident_forthiscollege.A.appointedB.beappointedC.isappointedD.hasbeenappointed78.Butfortheworkershelp,we_.A.shouldntsucceedB.couldnothavesucceedC.willnotsucceedD.shouldnothavesucceed79._yourhelp,Iwouldnothavefinishedmywork.A.ButthatB.ButforC.ButifD.Thanksto,80.Thetrafficwasve

57、ryheavy,otherwiseI_there20minutesearlier.A.wouldbeB.shouldbeC.wouldhavebeenD.hadbeen81.AsIhavenothingtodonow,I_aswellgowithyou.A.shouldB.wouldC.couldD.might82.Nomachinewouldworkforlongifit_properlylubricated.A.isntB.werentC.hasntD.wont,83.I_tothepartyifIhadhadaninvitation.A.wouldgoB.wouldhavegoneC.w

58、entD.oughttogo84.IfIhadwings,I_tothemoon.A.wouldhaveflownB.wouldflyC.canflyD.fly85.Youradvicethatshe_tillnextweekisreasonable.A.waitsB.willwaitC.istowaitD.wait,86._today,shewouldgettherebyFriday.A.IfsheleavesB.WereshetoleaveC.WassheleavingD.Wouldsheleave87.Themanager_thatthenewemployersgothroughprofessionaltrainingbeforetheystartedworking.A.persistedB.insistedC.resistedD.assisted88.Youdbetterkeepaseatforherincaseshe_.A.comingB.maycomeC.com