病理专业名词词库(定稿)

1、损伤与修复Hypertrophy 肥大Hyperplasia 增生Atrophy 萎缩Metaplasia 化生Degeneration 变性Cellular swelling （Hydropic Degeneration ） 水变性Fatty change （steatosis） 脂肪变性Hyaline degeneration 玻璃样变/透明变Necrosis 坏死Pyknosis 核固缩Karyorrhexis 核碎裂Karyolysis 核溶解Coagulative necrosis 凝固性坏死Caseous necrosis / caseation 干酪样坏死Liquefactive

2、 necrosis 液化性坏死Fat necrosis 脂肪坏死Fibrinoid necrosis 纤维素样坏死Gangrene 坏疽Sinus 窦道Fistula 瘘管Organization 机化Apoptosis 凋亡Regeneration 再生granulation tissue 肉芽组织scar tissue 瘢痕组织Bony callus 骨痂局部血液循环障碍Hyperemia充血Congestion 淤血Arterial hyperemia动脉性充血Venous hyperemia静脉性充血Cyanosis发绀Hemosiderin 含铁血黄素Heart failure ce

3、lls心衰细胞Brown duration 褐色硬化Nutmeg liver 槟榔肝Hemorrhage出血Disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)弥漫性血管内凝血Thrombosis血栓形成Thrombus 血栓Pale thrombus白色血栓Mixed thrombus混合血栓Mural thrombus附壁血栓Red thrombus红色血栓Hyaline thrombus透明血栓Microthrombus微血栓Fibrinous thrombus纤维素性血栓Recanalization 再通Calcification钙化Phlebolit

4、h静脉石Arteriolith动脉石Embolism 栓塞Embolus栓子Thromboembolism血栓栓塞Pulmonary embolism肺动脉栓塞Saddle embolism骑跨性栓塞Fat embolism脂肪栓塞Gas/air embolism气体/空气栓塞Decompression sickness减压病Amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞Infarction梗死Anemic/white infarct贫血性/白色梗死Hemorrhagic/red infarct出血性/红色梗死Septic infarct败血性梗死Edema 水肿Pitting ede

5、ma凹陷性水肿炎症Inflammation 炎症Alteration 变质Exudation 渗出Proliferation增生Exudate 渗出液Transudate漏出液Acute inflammation急性炎症Chronic inflammation慢性炎症Stasis血流停滞Margination边集Rolling滚动Emigration 游出Chemotaxis趋化作用Inflammation mediator炎症介质Serous inflammation浆液性炎症Catarrh卡他Fibrinous inflammation纤维素性炎症Suppurative / purulen

6、t inflammation化脓性炎症Pus脓液Empyema积脓Phlegmonous inflammation蜂窝织炎Abscess 脓肿Hemorrhagic inflammation出血性炎Bacteremia 菌血症Toxemia 毒血症Septicemia 败血症Pyemia 脓毒血症Metastatic abscess转移性脓肿Chronic granulomatous inflammation 慢性肉芽肿性炎Granuloma肉芽肿Epithelioid cell 上皮样细胞Langhans-type giant cell朗罕氏巨细胞Foreign body giant cel

7、l异物巨细胞肿瘤Neoplasm肿瘤Neoplasia 肿瘤形成Benign tumor良性肿瘤Malignant tumor恶性肿瘤Neoplastic proliferation肿瘤性增生Mass肿块Carcinogen致癌物Parenchyma实质Stroma间质Differentiarion分化Angiogenesis血管生成Atypia异型性Pleomorphism多形性Tumor giant cell肿瘤巨细胞Hyperchromasia核深染Mitotic figure核分裂像Anaplasia 间变Anaplastic tumor间变性肿瘤Nomenclature命名Class

8、ification分类Grade分级Stage分期Carcinoma癌Undifferentiated carcinoma未分化癌Sarcoma肉瘤Carcinosarcoma癌肉瘤Teratoma畸胎瘤Invasion浸润Metastasis转移Expansive growth膨胀性生长Exophytic growth外生性生长Invasive growth浸润性生长Capsule被膜Encapsulated 有被膜的Well-cirtcumscribed分界清楚Progression演进Heterogeneity异质性Direct spreading直接蔓延Primary tumor原发性

9、肿瘤Secondary / metastatic tumor继发性/转移性肿瘤Lymphatic metastasis淋巴道转移Hematogenous metastasis血道转移Implantation metastasis种植性转移Borderline tumor交界性肿瘤Malignant potential恶性潜能Papilloma乳头状瘤Adenoma腺瘤Cystadenoma囊腺瘤Squamous cell carcinoma鳞状细胞癌Keratin pearl角化珠Adenocarcinoma腺癌Mucinous adenocarcinoma粘液腺癌Signet-ring ca

10、rcinoma印戒细胞癌Lipoma脂肪瘤Hemangioma血管瘤Leiomyoma平滑肌瘤Liposarcoma 脂肪肉瘤Lieomyosarcoma平滑肌肉瘤Osteosarcoma骨肉瘤Retinoblastoma视网膜母细胞瘤Malignant melanoma恶性黑色素瘤Lymphoma淋巴瘤Precancerous disease/ lesion癌前疾病/ 病变Dysplasia 非典型增生/ 异型增生Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia宫颈上皮内瘤变Oncogene 癌基因Proto-oncogene原癌基因Tumor suppressor ge

11、ne肿瘤抑制基因Cancer癌症Cancer stem cell癌症干细胞心血管系统疾病Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Coronary atherosclerosis 冠状动脉粥样硬化Myocardial infarction 心肌梗死Hypertension 高血压Rheumatism 风湿病Infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎Valvular vutium of the heart 心瓣膜病呼吸系统疾病Pneumonia 肺炎Chronic bronchitis 慢支Pulmonary emphysema 肺气肿Bronchial asthma 支气管

12、哮喘Bronchiectasis 支气管扩张症Chronis pulmonary hypertension 慢性肺动脉高压消化系统疾病Intestinal metaplasia肠上皮化生Chronic atrophic gastritis慢性萎缩性胃炎Chronic superficial gastritis慢性浅表性胃炎 Perforation 穿孔Penetration 穿孔Obstruction 梗阻Malignant transformation 恶性转化Appendicitis 阑尾炎Acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎Acute suppurative appendic

13、itis 急性化脓性阑尾炎Acute gangrenous appendicitis 急性坏疽性阑尾炎Peritonitis 腹膜炎Sepsis 败血症Idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases 非特异性肠病Diarrhea 腹泻Intermittent attacks 间歇性Perianal abscesses 肛门周围脓肿Segmental distribution 节段性Skip areas 跳跃性Cobblestone 鹅卵石Linear narrow deep ulcers-fissures 裂隙状深溃疡Noncaseating granuloma

14、非干酪性肉芽肿Ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎Pseudopolyps 假性息肉Gastric carcinoma 胃癌Early stage gastric carcinoma 早期胃癌Advanced gastric carcinoma 进展期胃癌Linitis plastica 革囊胃Left supraclavicular node 左锁骨上窝淋巴结Krukenberg tumor 克鲁勃根瘤Colorectal carcinoma 结直肠癌Esophageal carcinoma 食管癌Polypoid 息肉状 Fungating 蕈伞状 Raised everte

15、d edges 边缘隆起 Traheoesophageal fistula 气管食管瘘Dysphagia 吞咽困难Crypt abscess 隐窝脓肿Anemia 贫血Hematemesis 呕血Melena 黑便Endoscopic visualization 内窥镜Mucosa 粘膜Submucosa 粘膜下Serosa 浆膜Lesser curvature 小弯Greater curvature 大弯Helicobacter pylori (HP) 幽门螺旋杆菌Antrum 胃窦 Peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡肝脏疾病Hepatic lobule 肝小叶Central vein 中

16、央静脉Hepatic cord 肝索Portal tract 汇管区Limiting plate 界板Viral hepatitis 病毒性肝炎Jaundice 黄疸Fecal oral infection 粪口传播Asymptomatic carrier state 无症状携带者Acute&chronic hepatitis急性/慢性肝炎Fulminant hepatitis 暴发性肝炎Liver cirrhosis & cancer possibility exists肝硬化/肝癌Ballooning change 气球样变Lytic necrosis 溶解坏死Councilman bod

17、y 嗜酸性小体Focal necrosis 局灶性坏死Piecemeal necrosis 碎片状坏死Bridging necrosis 桥接坏死Submassive necrosis 亚大块坏死Massive necrosis 大块坏死Cholestasis 瘀胆Ground-glass hepatocyte 毛玻璃样肝细胞Serum transaminase 血清转氨酶Spotty necrosis 点状坏死Mild type chronic hepatitis 轻度慢性肝炎Severe type chronic hepatitis 中度慢性肝炎Fulminant viral hepati

18、tis 重型肝炎Acute yellow atrophy 急性黄色肝萎缩Nodular regeneration 结节状再生Alcoholic liver disease 酒精性肝病Alcoholism 酒精中毒Hepatic steatosis 脂肪肝Alcoholic hepatitis 酒精性肝炎Liver cirrhosis 肝硬化Mallory bodyAlcoholic cirrhosis 酒精性肝硬化Pseudo-lobule 假小叶Micronodular cirrhosis 小结节性肝硬化Macronodular cirrhosis 大结节性肝硬化Chronic liver

19、failure 慢性肝功能衰竭Portal hypertension 门脉高压Ascites 腹水Spider nevi 蜘蛛痣Gynaecomastia 男性乳房发育症Hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病Portosystemic shunts 门-体静脉分流Hyperestrongenemia 高雌激素血症Congestive splenomagly 脾淤血肿大Hypersplenism 脾功能亢进 Splenomegaly 脾肿大Esophageal varices 食管静脉曲张Palmer erythema 肝掌Postviral cirrhosis 肝炎后肝硬化Bi

20、liary cirrhosis 胆汁性肝硬化Hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌Cholangiocarcinoma 胆管细胞癌Angiosarcoma 血管肉瘤Hepatoblastoma 肝母细胞瘤Aflatoxin B1 黄曲霉毒素Solitary massive type 巨块形Multiple nodules type 多结节型Diffuse infiltrative 弥漫型Umbilication 癌脐Trabeculae 小梁Intrahepatic extension 肝内播散Satellite nodules 卫星结节淋巴造血系统疾病Lymphoid n

21、eoplasms 淋巴组织肿瘤Hodgkin lymphoma HODGKIN淋巴瘤Burkitt lymphoma BURKITT 淋巴瘤泌尿系统疾病Glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎Pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎Glomerulus 肾小管Capillary tufts 血管球Parietal cell 壁层上皮Visceral cell 脏层上皮Mesangial cell 系膜细胞Podocyte 足突细胞Glomerular basement membrane (GBM) 肾小球基底膜Anuria 无尿Oliguria 少尿Uremia 尿毒症Azotemia

22、氮质血症Nocturia 夜尿Hematuria 血尿Proteinuria 蛋白尿Cast 管型Immunofluorescence 免疫荧光Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis 急性增生性肾小球肾炎Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis 快速进行性肾小球肾炎Minimal changes disease 微小病变性肾炎Membranous glomerulonephritis 膜性肾小球肾炎Immune complex 免疫复合物b-hemolytic streptococci 乙型溶血性链球菌hypercell

23、ular 细胞增生humps 驼峰状granular fluorescent 颗粒状荧光linear pattern fluorescent 线性荧光Crescent 新月体Nephritic syndrome 肾炎综合征Sclerosis 硬化Colloid cast 胶质管型Ascending infection 上行性感染Bloodstream infection 血源性感染 Uneven scarring 不规则疤痕Asymmetric 不对称Thyroidization 甲状腺样Transitional cell carcinoma 移形细胞癌生殖系统和乳腺疾病Carcinoma o

24、f cervix 子宫颈癌Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia 子宫颈上皮内瘤变Fibroadenoma 纤维腺瘤Hydatidiform mole 葡萄胎Invasive mole 侵袭性葡萄胎Choriocarcinoma 绒毛膜癌Carcinoma in situ 原位癌Exophatic 外生性Ulcerating 溃疡型Infiltrating 浸润型Gestational trophoblastic disease 滋养叶细胞疾病Lobular carcinoma in situ 小叶原位癌Ductal carcinoma in situ 导管原位癌

25、Infiltrating ductal carcinoma 浸润性导管癌Infiltrating lobular carcinoma 浸润性小叶癌Colloid carcinoma 胶样癌Chorionic epithelium 绒毛上皮Cytotrophoblast 细胞滋养层细胞Syncytiotrophoblast 合体滋养层细胞Placental chorionic villi 胎盘绒毛Fibrocystic changes 纤维囊性变Apocrine metaplasia of breast 乳腺大汗腺样化生Micropapillae 微乳头Cribriform 筛状Comedo c

26、arcinoma 粉刺样癌Upper outer quadrant 外上象限Scirrhous carcinoma硬癌Mucinous (colloid) carcinoma 粘液癌（胶样癌）Tubular carcinoma 小管癌Anxillary nodes 腋窝淋巴结Estrogen receptor 雌激素受体内分泌系统疾病Diffuse nontoxic Goiter 弥漫性非毒性甲状腺肿Diffuse hyperplastic goiter 弥漫性增生性甲状腺肿Diffuse colloid goiter 弥漫性胶样甲状腺肿Nodular goiter 结节性甲状腺肿Diffuse toxic Goiter 弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿 thyroiditis 甲状腺