状语从句讲解

1、状语从句,1.时间状语从句（1）,WhenWhileAs,当,When,IwilltellheraboutitwhenIseeher.Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein.Iwillgohomewhenhecomesback.,When-当时候,通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。,When-正在的时候，突然。通常主句是bedoing或beaboutto或hadjustdone,When也可以表示先后关系,When也可以表示先后关系,When也可以表示先后关系,Irecognizedthethiefwhen/asIpassedhim.Wh

2、enhefinishedhislecture,peoplestoodupandapplauded.IwaswalkingonthestreetwhenIcameacrossanoldfriend.Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitbegantorain.Hehadjustfinishedtheworkwhenthedoorbellrang.Wewereonthepointofdrivingawaywhenthepolicemansignedustostop.,意思为既然或考虑到(原因状语从句)Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeas

3、ilywalkthere.Howcantheylearnanythingwhentheyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingtelevision?Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyouhavegotsuchagoodone?Thereisnopoint（in）owningacarwhenwehavesogoodapublictransportsystem.Whyusemetalwhenyoucanuseplastic?Howcanhegetthepromotionwhenhisbossdislikeshim?,while,While-在期间，往往指一段时间

4、。,WhilewewereinAmerica,wesawhimtwice.,Whileweweretalking,hecamein.,Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.,While表示两相对比。,While表示让步“尽管”。,WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idontagreethattheycannotbesolved.,As,As-一边一边,随着,Shewasdoingherhomeworkasshewaslisteningtothemusic.,Asshegrewolder,sh

5、ebecamemorebeautiful.Astimegoesby,.,Justas,时间状语从句（2）,NotuntilSinceAssoonas(immediately,directly)Themoment/theminuteHardlywhen/NosoonerthanEverytime/eachtime,直到才,自从,一就,一就,每次，每当,一就,我什么都不会说，直到你让我说。2.直到他回来，我们才开始工作。,Iwontsayanythinguntilyoutellmeto.,Wedidntstarttheworkuntilhecameback.,notuntil句型中强调和倒装：It

6、wasnotuntilhecamebackthatwestartedthework.Notuntilhecamebackdidwestartthework.,3.他们一看到这张照片，就笑翻了。Theylaughedassoonastheysawthepicture.Theylaughedthemomenttheysawthepicture.4.我刚一到家就开始下雨了。HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.5.他刚一上去车就发动了。Hardlyhadhegotonitwhenthebusst

7、arted.Nosoonerhadhegotonitthanthebusstarted.6.每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。EverytimeIlistentomusic,Illthinkofit.,时间状语从句（3）,beforeItwillbe+一段时间+before从句(does)要过才能做Itwillnotbe+一段时间+before从句要不了就能做Itwas+一段时间+before从句(did)过了做了Itwasnot+一段时间+before从句(did)没过做了,我五年后才能回来。ItwillbefiveyearsbeforeIcameback.用不了多久他们就会互相了解了。Itwil

8、lnotbelongbeforetheyunderstandeachother.五天后他才回来的。Itwasfivedaysbeforehecameback.不久后敌人就被赶走了。Itwasnotlongbeforetheenemywasdrivenoutoftheircountry.,不久我们就动身去北方了。Itwasnotlongbeforeweleftforthenorth.再过一年你就毕业了。Itwillbeayearbeforeyougraduate.用不了多久我们就会知道实验的结果了。Itwillnotbelongbeforeweknowtheresultoftheexperime

9、nt.过了一段时间他们才意识到事情的真相。Itwassometimebeforetheyrealizedthetruth.,Timepassedquicklyandthreemonthswentbybeforesheknewit.时间过得飞快，她不知不觉就在那里度过了三个月.Healmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及接电话就挂了。Themostdestruc

10、tivenaturaldisaster,tsunami,cameunexpectedlybeforethetouristscouldleavethecoast.,since自从以来，一般主句用完成式或完成进行时：IhaveneverseenhimsinceIgraduated.IvebeenlearningEnglishsinceGradeThreeinprimaryschool.IvebeenfeelingdownsinceIlostmyjob.,Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+sincedid:(did为短暂动词)自从以来已经多久了;(did为持续动词)不以来已经多久了Ithasbee

11、ntwentydayssincethewarbrokeout.Itistenyearssincehelivedhere.,Itisthreeyearssincehesmoked.他不吸烟有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehebegantosmoke.他吸烟有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehewasasoldier.他退役有三年了。ItisyearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.好多年没玩的这么痛快了。,注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或

12、将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如：IlltelephoneyouassoonasIgetthere.我一到达那里就打电话给你。Shesaidshewouldphonemeassoonasshegotthere.她说她一到达那里就给我电话。Dontgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.等车停稳后才下车。,2.条件状语从句,ifunlessaslongasincase,如果,除非,只要,万一,从句中用一般现在时代替将来时,_weatherpermits,wewillgototheparktomorrow.Youdbettertakeanu

13、mbrella_itrains.Isleepwiththewindowopen_itsreallycold._youlistentome,Illgivewhateveryouwant.,If,incase,unless,Aslongas,If/unless/aslongas/incase,Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier(ifyoudontstartearlier).如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。Wellletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy.我们可

14、以让你使用这个房间，条件是你把它保持整洁。Supposinghedoesnotcome,shallwegowithouthim?如果他不来，是不是不带他去?Hewilldotheworkprovidingyoupayhim.如果你能付费，他可以做这工作。,3.原因状语从句,BecauseSinceAs,Because表示直接的因果关系，常放主句后.回答Why问句、强调原因或有partly,not修饰时,只能用because.,Since,as表示众所周知的原因，常放于主句前，译成“既然”.Since语气比as强。,IlearnEnglishpartly_Ilikeit._everyoneish

15、ere,letsbeginthemeeting.Itis_heishonestthathegetsthejob.,because,Since,because,Seeingthatyourealreadyatthedoor,IsupposeImustinviteyouinside.鉴于你已到了门口，我想我必须邀请你入内。Consideringhesonlyjuststarted,heknowsquitealotaboutit.考虑到他只是刚刚开始,他对此的了解已经不少了。Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcar

16、eerforher.考虑到她喜欢孩子,我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。Since/Nowthatyourenotinterested,Iwonttellyouaboutit.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。,注意：1.considering和given还可用介词。如：Consideringhisage,thelittleboyreadsverywell.就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得挺好的。Givenherinterestinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.考虑到她喜欢孩子,我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。2.表示“因为”的连词不能与

17、表示“所以”的so连用。如：因为他病了，所以没有出席会议。误：Becausehewasill,sohedidntattendthemeeting.正：Hedidntattendthemeetingbecausehewasill.正：Hewasillsohedidntattendthemeeting.,Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.Thedaybreaks,forthebirdsaresinging.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.

18、Hemust/maybeathomenow,forthelightison.Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththemachine,fortheenginefailedtostart.Amancannotsmilelikeachild,forachildsmileswithhiseyes,whileamansmileswithhislipsalone.,结果状语从句,SothatSuchthat,形容词,名词,如此以至于,Hehasmade_greatprogressthattheteachersarepleasedwithhim.Hehad_manyfallsthat

19、hewasblackandblueallover.,Istudyhard,sothat/inorderthatImaynotfailintheexaminations.,目的状语从句,such,so,manymuchlittlefew,Theyare_interestingnovelsthatIwanttoreadthemagain.Hewas_anhonestboythathewaspraised.Sheis_lovelyagirlthateveryonelikesher.Theboyis_youngthathecantlookafterhimself.Hehasmade_greatprog

20、ressthatteachersarepleasedwithhim.Hehad_littleeducationthathewasunfitforthejob.,such,such,so,so,such,so,Therewere_manypeopleinthestreetthatwecouldntgetclosetothebuilding.Heruns_fastthatnobodycancatchupwithhim._goodweather_muchmoney_handsomeboys,so,so,Such,So,Such,Bringitcloserso(that)Icanseeitbetter

21、.拿近一点以便我看得更清楚。Ileftat6:00sothat/inorderthatIcouldcatchthetrain.为了赶上火车，我六点就出门了。Hewalkedfastforfearthatheshouldbelate.他走得很快，以免迟到。Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。Theyrisktheirlivesinorderthatwemaylivemoresafely.他们冒了生死危险使我们生活得更安全。Theyaresuchwonderfulplayersthatnoonecanbeatthem.他们都是出

22、色的运动员，没有人能战胜他们。,目的状语从句,Sothat倒装Sodarkwasitthathecouldntseethefacesofhiscompanions.Sofrightenedwasshethatshecouldntsayaword.Soloudlydidhespeakthateventhepeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Sodangerousdidtheweatherbecomethatallmountainroadswereclosed.Suchagoodstudentwashethateveryonelikedhim.,考题1Sodifficu

23、lt_ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(2006广东)A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound考题2_homeworkdidwehavetodothatwehadnotimetotakearest.(2006福建)A.SomuchB.ToomuchC.ToolittleD.Solittle,B,A,让步状语从句,Althoughheisbusy,henevermissesafootballmatch.,=busyasheis,henevermissesafootballmatc

24、h.,Nomatterwhatyoumaydo,doitwell.,Nomatterwherelifetakesusto,juststicktoourdreams.,although,though,as,while(虽然),evenif/though(即使),whetheror(不论/不管还是)以及“疑问词+ever”和“nomatter+疑问词”等,Although/Thoughtheyarepoortheyarehappy.虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。Thoughheisveryold,heworkshard.尽管他年老了但仍努力工作。Tiredashewas,hesatuplate.他虽然疲

25、倦,可仍然很晚才睡。WhileIlikethecolorofthehat,Idonotlikeitsshape.虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的形状。,Illgoevenif/thoughitsnows.即使下雪我也要去。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.不管你信还是不信，这的确是事实。However(=Nomatterhow)tiredyoumaybe,youmustdoittoday.不管怎样累,你也得今天做。Wherever(=Nomatterwhere)Iam,Iwillbethinkingofyou.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。,Girlass

26、heis,sheisbraverthanaboy.Smartashewas,hewasnotabletosolvetheproblem.Tryashemight,hecouldntgetoutofthedifficulty.Heavilyasitwasrainingoutside,theystartedoutveryearly.,引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as(正如)，asif或asthough(好像)等。如：DoasItoldyou.按我告诉你的那样做。Asamanlives,sohedies.正如人能活，也能死。Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedye

27、sterday.整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天发生似的。PleasepronouncethewordthewayIdo.请照我这样,读这个单词.,地点状语从句Keepitwhereyoucanseeit.把它放在你看得见的地方。Heliveswheretheclimateismild.他住在一个气候温暖的地方。WhereverIamlwillbethinkingofyou.我不论在哪儿，都会想你的。ThechurchwasbuiltwheretherehadoncebeenaRomantemple.教堂建在曾一度是罗马神庙的地方。NexttimeIhopeyoullgowhereItel

28、lyouto.下次我希望你去我告诉你去的地方。,地点状语从句与定语从句的区别:在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语，则是状语从句；作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。如：Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.(where引导地点状语从句）你从何处来到何处去。Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.(where引导定语从句，修饰village)回到你来的那个村子里去。,考题1Mom,whatdidthedoctorsay?Headvisedmetolive_theairisfresher.(2006四川)A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where考题2Inpeace,too,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp_thereishumansuffering.(2006江西)A.whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.wherever,D,D,考题3Ifyouaretraveling_thecustomsa