虚拟语气-(精)幻灯片

1、1,Leaning aims 教学目标,一、深入了解，掌握虚拟语气 二、团结互助，积极主动，勇于展现自 我,2,英语动词有 种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气,用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,三,3,虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法； 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法; 5、虚拟语气时态的判定。,4,if引导的虚拟条件句,5,虚拟语气,例句 If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met

2、him. 要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反) 2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反) 3. If I were you, I would go at once. 假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你),虚拟语气在 在条件从句中,6,主从句的谓语形式,时间,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,did / were,had done,would/could/should/might +V.(原),would

3、/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1. did / were 2. should do 3. were to do,would/could/should/might + V.(原),7,If + 主 + did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形,If I were you, I would try it again.,1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。,2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。,If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.,与现在事实相反的虚拟条件

4、句,8,If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（have done）,If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.,1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。,If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.,2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。,与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,9,名词性从句中的虚拟语气及几种虚拟语气特殊句型,10,二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用,（1）用于宾语从句,、wish 后

5、面的宾语从句中。 一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词形式为：,表现在 过去时 表过去 过去完成时 表将来 would, might, could动词原形,I wish (that) I were a bird. I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. I wish (that) I wouldcould go.,11,2.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气,一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求 1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose (advice, su

6、ggestion, proposal ) 4. demand , require, request, desire 这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。 即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形， 或者将should省略。,12,3. would rather + 从句 动词用过去式或过去完成时,I would rather you told me the truth. I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.,4. as if ( as though) 看起来 常用虚拟形式，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式

7、(had done).,He treats /treated the boy as if he were his own son.,He speaks/ spoke as if he had known about it,13,四 情态动词+ have done could have done 本来可以- - - might have done 本来可能 - - - should / ought to have done 本来应该做 - - - shouldnt / ought not to have done 本不该做 - - 你本不应该告诉她真相。 You shouldnt have to

8、ld her the truth . neednt have done 本不必做 - - - 比较：didnt need to do 没必要做也没有做 - - - 我没必要擦窗户。我兄弟做了 I didnt need to clean the windows . My brother did it. would have done 本来会去做-,我没有足够的钱否则我会买那本书的,I didnt have enough money, otherwise I would have bought that book.,14,5. He is talking so much about America

9、 as if he _ there. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone 6. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set 7. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now. are B. were C. would be D. would have

10、been 8. You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago. A. would B. should have C. may D. have,B,B,c,A,15,Homework,1.Finish the Exercise 1 and 2 after class 2.Preview Period 4,16,Thank you,17,非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况:,18,1. 条件暗含在短语中。如：,W hat would I have done without you?

11、(条件暗含在分词短语without you中),It would be easier to do it this way. (条件暗含在不定式短语to do it this way 中),But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment. (暗含条件是but for your help),19,This same thing, happening in wartime, would lead to a disaster. (条件暗含在分词短语happening in wartime中),He must have the

12、strength of a hippopotamus, or he never could have vanquished that great beast. (暗含条件是连词or),Alone, he would have been terrified. (暗含条件是alone),20,2. 条件暗含在上下文中。如：,You might stay here forever. (可能暗含if you wanted to) We would have succeeded. (可能暗含if we had kept trying) Your reputation would be ruined. (可能暗含if you should accept it) I would appreciate a little of your time. (可能暗含if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time),21,3. 在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。如： You wouldnt