2011年高考定语从句考查热点剖析

1、定语从句由于具有先行词的复杂性关系词的多样性以及从句中成分的多变性位置的灵活性等特点,历年都是高考的重点.,热点一: 考查关系代词whose,【高考真题】,Thats the new machine _parts are too small to be seen. ( 2010山东) A. that B. which C. whose D. what,C,(2) The old temple _roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. ( 2010 年陕西) A. where B. which C. its D. whose (3) Chil

2、dren who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. (2010 北京) A. what B. whose C. which D. that,D,B,考点归纳,如果关系词在定语从句中修饰名词,且作定语,不论先行词是物还是人,都用whose. 在这种情况下, 可用 of which 代替whose. 例如:whose parts are too small to be seen 可用 of which the parts are too small to be seen 代替.,巩固练习,I was

3、born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (2009湖南) A. which B. of which C. that D. whose (2) The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. (2008陕西) A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands

4、 of D. the hands of which,D,D,热点二 : 考查关系副词where,【高考真题】,Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. (2010福建) A. that B. where C. which D. whose (2) -Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? -You should try the barbers _ I go.

5、 Its only 15. (2010天津) A. as B. which C. where D. that,B,C,考点归纳,先行词表示地点,并在从句中作状语时, 用where 引导定语从句; 先行词表示地点, 但在从句中作主语宾语时用which 或that, 作定语则用whose. 英语中有些特殊先行词, 如: case, point, situation, occasion, activity , business等引导定语从句时, 关系词常用where , 相当于in which , 在从句中作状语.,巩固练习,Life is like a long race _ we compete

6、 with others to go beyond ourselves. ( 2009 重庆) A. why B. what C. that D. where (2) Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. ( 2009福建) A. that B. when C. which D. where (3) The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons to

7、urist attractions. (2008江苏) A. which B. what C. that D. where,D,D,A,热点三 : 考查which 引导的非限制性定语从句,【高考真题】,(1) As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _ is named after his grandfather. ( 2010全国卷I) A. which B. where C. what D. that (2) After graduating from college, I took sometime off to go travelli

8、ng, _ turned out to be a wise decision. (2010 四川) A. that B. which C. when D. where,A,B,考点归纳,(1)which 引导的非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是物, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语; which也可以指代前面整个主句.,(2) 根据在非限制性定语从句中所作的成分来选用关系代词或关系副词: 若作主语宾语或表语, 就用which, who 或whom;若作状语,就用when 或where.,(3) 关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句.,巩固练习,Whenever I met her, _

9、 was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (2009山东) A. who B. which C. when D. that (2) My friend showed me round the town ,_ was very kind of him. (2009全国卷II) A. which B. that C. where D. it (3) Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _ they learn simple games and songs. ( 2007

10、 全国卷I) A. then B. there C. while D. where,B,A,D,热点 四: 考查分割式定语从句,【高考真题】,The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _she would stay for an hour. ( 2010年江西) A. where B. who C. which D. what (2) Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met

11、 in the English speech contest last year. ( 2010 湖南) A. who B. where C. when D. which In China, the number of cities is increasing _ development is recognized across the world. ( 2010重庆) A. where B. which C. whose D. that,A,A,C,考点归纳,如果定语从句过长, 为了使句子保持平衡,常将定语从句和其修饰的先行词分割开来. 此时, 找到定语从句的先行词是解题关键. 有时在定语从

12、句中会使用插入语, 如 I think, of course, believe it or not, you know 等. 此时可忽略该插入语, 以使定语从句的分析变得简单而容易.,巩固练习,(1) Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (2009 江苏卷) A. if B. when C. which D. since (2) Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to

13、the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. (2004天津) A. who B. that C. what D. which,B,D,热点 五 : 考查先行词为不定代词的定语从句,【高考真题】,I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. (2010全国卷II) A. who B. that C. as D. what,B,【考点归纳】,宜用that引导的定语从句如下:,先行词为all, much, little, something, eve

14、rything, anything , nothing, none, the one等不定代词时; 先行词既包括人又包括物时; 先行词前有the only, the very, the right, the same等修饰时; 先行词前有形容词最高级序数词修饰时; 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,如: It is no longer the city that it used to be.,巩固练习,Do you have anything _you dont understand? A. that B. which C. who D. where (2) This is the only ma

15、chine _can do such work. A. which B. whom C. what D. that (3) This is the longest train _ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. what D. whom,A,D,B,热点六 : 考查 “介词+ 关系代词” 引导的定语从句,【高考真题】,Wind power is an ancient source of energy _we may return in the near future. (2010上海卷) A. on which B. by which C. to w

16、hich D. from which,句意: 风力是古老的能量来源,在不久的将来我们可能会恢复使用风力.,C,【考点归纳】,在“介词+ 关系代词” 引导的定语从句中,关系代词指人时whom用,指物时用which. 介词的选取可根据该介词和先行词的固定搭配或介词和定语从句中的动词形容词名词等的习惯搭配来确定. 表示 “所属关系” 或”整体中的部分” 时用介词of. 有一些动词短语不能拆开, 如pay attention to , look after, take care of, depend on等.,巩固练习,Gun control is a subject _Americans have

17、argued for a long time. (2009陕西卷) A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which (2) He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. ( 2007江苏卷) A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that (3) For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out f

18、urther, _ New York is an example. ( 2008四川卷) A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which,C,A,C,热点七: 考查 “ 名词/代词/数词+ of +关系代词”引导的定语从句,【高考真题】,The newly built caf, the walls of _are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. ( 2010江苏卷) A. that B. it C. wha

19、t D. which (2) The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city. (2010浙江卷) A. whom B. which C. them D. those,D,A,【考点归纳】,(1) 由“ 名词/代词/数词+ of +关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+ 关系代词” 引导的定语从句 一样,关系代词指人时whom用,指物时用which.,(2)由“ 名词/代词/数词+ of +关系代词”引导的定语从句可转换成

20、“ whose +名词”引导的定语从句.,e.g. He has lost the dictionary the cover of which has come off.,=whose cover,(3) 此种类型的定语从句还可以转换成并列句, 如: He has three good friends, all of whom are doctors.,He has three good friends, and all of them are doctors.,巩固练习,She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met

21、before. (2009海南卷) A. them B. who C. whom D. these Last week , only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. ( 2007安徽卷) A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom (3) The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control.

22、( 2008湖南卷) A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that,C,D,B,热点八: 考查定语从句与其他易混淆从句的区别,名词性从句状语从句强调句等都很容易与定语从句混淆,因此定语从句与这些从句的差别就为高考命题提供了很好的切入点,并且一直是高考的热点. 2010年高考英语试题涉及定语从句与状语从句名词性从句的区别.,定语从句与状语从句的区别,【高考真题】,(1)Today, we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left

23、out. (2010重庆卷) A. when B. where C. how D. what (2) Because of the heavy traffic , it was already time for lunch break _she got to her office. (2010 四川卷) A. since B. that C. when D. until,B,C,【考点归纳】,定语从句在主句中充当定语,修饰名词或代词.而状语从句在从句中充当状语,可以表示条件时间原因目的结果让步等. When, where和why在引导定语从句时, 可用”介词+which替换,在状语从句中则不可

24、以 . where引导的状语从句相当于” in the place where + 定语从句”, 如: I like to live where there is fresh air. = I like to live in the place where there is fresh air.,巩固练习,_ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. (2009江苏卷) A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until (2) She

25、 had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. (2009福建卷) A. when B. while C. after D. since,B,A,2. 定语从句与名词性从句的差异,【高考真题】,How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he goes with , whether his friends or relatives. ( 2010四川卷) A. what B.

26、who C. how D. why (2) As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here. ( 2010 天津卷) A. how B. what C. when D. which,B,B,(3) -I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. - Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more active life. A. where B. how C. when D. what (2010江苏卷),A,【考点归纳】,1. 名词性从句相当于名词, 在复合句中能担任主语宾语表语同位语等; 定语从句相当于形容词,在复合句中作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分.,2. 定