主谓一致用法详解

1、主谓一致用法详解一：主谓一致一般有以下三条原则：1、语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致，例如主语为单数形式，谓语也用单数形式，主语用复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。The number of mistakes was surprising.Li Ping and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2、意义一致，即从意义上着眼处理一致关系。例如，主语形式虽为单数但意义为复数，谓语动词也采取复数形式。The crowed were fighting for their lives.或者主语形式虽为复数但意义上视为单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。Three

2、years in a strange land seems like a long time.3、就近原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的主语。There is a teacher and some students in our classroom.4)就前原则,当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as,no less than, along with,with, like, rather than, together with, but,except, besides,including, in addition to等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。1

3、)The teacher , with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. (NMET2004 北京卷) A. was B . were C. had been D. would be2）Nobody but John and Helen _is_ absent. I, rather than you，_am_ responsible for the accident.二：用单数的情况1)当主语为表示度量、时间、金钱、距离等复数名词，一般根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名

4、词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数。Ten dollars is not enough.Three months is a long time.2)有些以-s结尾的n(如news, mathematics, physics, politics)因在意义为单数，所以谓语采用单数形式。The news is exciting.Physics is one of the most difficult subjects for me.3)如果主语是一个表示抽象概念的不定式，动名词或名词性从句，谓动都采用单数形式。To say sth is one thing and to do is another.W

5、hether he comes or not doesnt matter.Reading English magazines and novels is helpful to our English study.4)如果主语为单数，尽管后面跟with, together with, as well as, no less than, like, but, except等引导的短语谓动仍用单数形式。The teacher, as well as some Ss is coming.Nobody but Tom and Marry was in the classroom just now.5)由

6、some, any, no, every构成的复合代词，都作单数看待，因此谓动都采取单数形式。Is everyone here? There is nothing but a card in the box.6）如果主语由each(either, neither)+of+n复数或代词结构担任时，谓动采用单数Has either of them told you?Each of the Ss in our class likes reading.7)如果主语由“many a/ more than one +单数”构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，谓动仍采用单数。Many a student is on

7、 the playground.More than one of us has been to Beijing.8)在“each and each” “every and every” “No and no” 连接两个或两个以上的单数n等结构之后，谓语动词通常采用单数形式Each man and each woman was asked to help.9）如果主语是人名、国名、书名或组织机构名称时，即使是复数形式，谓动通常采用单数形式。The United Nations was founded in 1945.10）成对的名词作主语时，谓语动词采用单数形式如：There is a knif

8、e and fork on the table.Bread and butter is daily food in the west.11）one and a half + 名复作主语时，谓动用单数。(单复数都可以)One and a half years has passed.12）：a series /species of +单数或复数都用单数形式A series of lectures on psychology is said to be given by Mr stone.There has been a whole series accidents in the street.13

9、)man ,the world, clothingWhat wonderful things man has achieved!All the world knows that the earth is round.三：用复数的情况14)有些指多数人或物的n（如people, police, cattle）单数形式，具有复数意义，谓动采用复数形式。The police are looking for the lost boy.15）不可数n前面如有表数量的名词，后面常跟复数动词作谓语。There are three bottles of ink on the desk.Three millio

10、n tons of coal were exported last year.16)one or two +名复作主语，谓动采用复数形式。One or two persons agree with him.17)few或a few作主语，谓动采用复数形式。Few of us like the book.18)the +姓的复数形式The Greens are going to make a trip to London.19)以复数形式出现的表示群岛，山脉、瀑布等的专有名词The Philippines lie to the southeast of China.As is known to

11、all, the Rocky Mountains stand in North American.20)the +形容词表示一类人或物一般用复数Generally ,the young are thirsty for knowledge.As we all know ,the rich are not always happy.四：不确定的情况21）what, who, which, any, more, most, all等代词作主语谓语动词可以是单数也可以是复数形式，主要靠意思。Which is your room? Which are your rooms?All is ready, l

12、ets begin the meeting.All are here, lets begin the meeting.22）在It is +n或代词 +that/who 的强调句，谓语动词要与所强调的n或代词一致，如：It is I who am on duty today?It is Tom that is ill.23）如果主语是“the+adj或分词”结构作主语，用来表示一类人谓语v要用复数，用来表示个人或抽象概念，则谓动用单数形式The old are taken good care of in our country.The injured was a good friend of

13、mine.24）两个主语用and连接时，谓动一般用复数My brother and I have both seen the film.Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.但当and连接的两个词是指一个观念或同一个人时，谓动v则用单数：The poet and writer has come.His end and aim is clear to all of us.25)集体n: group, class, family, enemy, team, army, crowd, company, government等作主语时，

14、如果视为整体谓动就用单数，视为其中的个体成员，就用复数The whole family is going there.My family are very well.The government has started a new school project.The government are doing their best to help the poor get rich.26)当一个句子有两个主语，而它们又是由eitheror, neitheror, not onlybut also或notbut连接时谓动通常和邻近的主语保持一致。Neither he nor I have bee

15、n to Beijing.Is either he or you going there?由there或here引导的句子，主语不止一个，谓语v通常和邻近的那个主语一致。There is a piece of paper, two books and pens on the desk.Here are some books for you.27)表示数量的词语的复数n作主语时，谓动单复数形式取决于句子的意义，看作整体，谓动单数；看作个体，谓动复数Two months is quite a long time.Ten dollars is not enough.The last three ye

16、ars have been full of happiness.28）单复数同形的名sheep, deer, means, fish, fruit作主语时，谓动的单复数根据句子的意思决定。He likes to eat apple, orange and other fruits, but I dont like eat fruit.The milu deer is a kind of deer that used to be common in China.At present there are not many milu deer in nature.29)some, any, none

17、, all, most等代词和half, the rest等n与of短语连用作主语时，谓动的单复数依据of后的名词或代词而定：Some of us like sports.Some of the money was missing.The rest of the apples have been rotten awayThe rest of the fruit has been rotten away.30)one of+复数n作主语时，谓语动词为单数，当定语从句的先行词为 “one of+复数n”时，从句的谓语动词为复数；先行词是the only one of+复数n时，从句的谓语动词为单数

18、（见定语从句例子）One of my books is gone ( missing/ lost)31)表示部分概念或不定数量的n如：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity ofpercent of, a quarter of, one third of修辞主语时，谓动的单复数依据of后的n而定。A lot of work has been finishedThere are a lot of Ss in our school.Seventy percent of the surface of the earth is covered by

19、 water.One third of the ss in our class are league members.32)each作主语或所修辞的n作主语，谓语动词用单数，若each位于复数n或代词之后作同位语，谓语动词用复数Each of us has a dictionary.Each student in our class has a dictionary.We each have a dictionary.33)population作主语时，谓语v用单数，但几分之几或百分之几+population作主语时，谓语v用复数。The population of China is the

20、largest in the world.At present about 28% of Chinese population smoke.34)两个主语，一个肯定，一个否定，谓语v与肯定的主语保持数和人称的一致。My brother, and not I likes playing football.30)The number/total/average of+可复作主语，谓动单数A number of+可复作主语，谓动复数35）在加减乘除的算式中，谓动用单复数均可Three plus three is/ are six.One times two equal/equals to two.3

21、6）：there be 结构中There is a book and two pens in the deskThere are two books and a pen in the desk37）large quantities of+单数复数 谓语都用复数A large quantity of单数复数 谓语都用单数Large quantities of money were spent on the bridge.A large quantity of money/materials was spent on the bridge.38)a variety of +复数，谓语用复数a va

22、riety of +单数，谓语用单数varieties of +单数或复数谓语都用复数the variety of +复数或单数谓语都用单数A great variety of flowers were shown there.There was a considerable variety of opinion.There were several varieties of red roses.The variety of goods on display reveals a big leap forward.39 a majority of +复数，谓语用复数The majority 做主

23、语，谓语单数复数都可以The majority of +复数，谓语单数复数都可以40)倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语。如：1)Between the two buildings _(stand) a monument.2)On the ship _ (be) over 2,200 people.3)More than 1,500 people lost their lives.Among those _ (be) the young woman.41）关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其先行词的单复数。He is one of the few persons who have a good knowledge of Italian. 他是精通意大利语的少数人之一。He is the only one of the boys who was given a prize.他是这些孩子中唯一受到奖励的。当one之前有the only修饰时，one是who的先行词，从句谓语动词用单数。高考真题体验：1. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the eart