英语句型结构

1、英语句子结构一.简短的句子：英语基本句型-1主表结构：本结构由主表动词表语组成，主要用于说明主词的特性、一般、状态、身份等。系动词是：1.表示特性和存在状态的be、seem、feel、appear、look、smell、tasks、sound2.表示状态继续的remain、stay、keep、continue、stand3.表示状态变化的become、get、turn、go、run、fall、come、groweg : our English teacher is thirty years old。The cake tastes delicious。The potatoes went bad

2、in the fields。Deep water stays still。He was at work。She is in good health .It is beyond my ability。I was at a loss。You are under arrest。英语基本句型-2主体对谓语结构：本结构由主语加少的谓语动词组成，经常表示主语的动作。示例：The sun rises。汤姆has already left。主语可以有修饰语-属性，谓语则可以有修饰语-副词。: 1.The red sun rises in the east .2.They had to travel by ai

3、r or boat .3.She sat there alone。是的4。He came back when we were eating。5.weak buildings will fall down in an earth quake。英语基本句型-3主题谓词结构：本结构由主语和物的谓语动词对象组成。物体成分的多样化使这个结构非常复杂。范例：1。Tom made a hole in the wall .2.I dont know if he can comtomorrow .3.they haven t decided where to go next。4.she stopped teac

4、hing English two years ago。英语基本句型-4双宾语结构：这个结构由主语和物谓语动词间接宾语(人)直接宾语(物)组成。示例：He brings me cookies every day。但是，如果要先说直接宾语(事物)，再说间接宾语(人)，就要用介词to或for。示例：He brings cookies to me every day。She made a beautiful dress for me。指向动作的方向，指向方向，指向某人。用For指动作的受益人，为某人，为某人。经常跟随双宾语的动词有：(在to的帮助下)bring、give、lend、hand、offer

5、、pass、pay、promise、return、send、show、teach、(需要for的帮助)buy、call、cook、choose、draw、find、get、make、order、sing、save、spare等。英语基本句型-5复合宾语结构：这个结构由“主语和事物的谓语动词宾语补足语”组成。宾语补足语用于补充和说明宾语的性质和特性，没有宾语补足语，句子的意思就不完整。能用空调写的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等。示例：The sun keeps us warm。I heard him singing。They made Tom monitor。he used

6、to do his homework with his radio on。My mother asked me to clean my room。the teacher made all students finish their home work on time。使用it作为格式对象，将实际对象放在对象补充词后面以平衡句子结构是英语常用的句子结构方法。也就是说，主语谓词it vin发送实际对象。例如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family。I found it was pleasant to be with your family。第

7、一个是单句，第二个是复合词，这一点有区别。英语基本句型-6There be句型：这个句型由“there be主语副词”组成。要表达存在关系.有”.谓语动词be后面有主语，there只是引导词，没有实际意义。这个句型不是be动词，而是使用live、stand、come、go、lie、remain、exist、arrive等，但一般不使用have。例如：there stands a hill in the middle of the park .once upon a time there lived an old king in the town。Be在以后的主语、人称和数量上一致，有时态和形式

8、变化。例如：现在是there is/are.很久以前的there was/were .未来there will be；There is /are going to be.现在there has/have been .也可以有There might be.确定有there must be /there must have been.很久以前有一个there used to be.您似乎具有There seems/seem/seemed to be.偶然there happen/happens/happened to be.Once，there lived an old fisherman in

9、a village by the sea。the weatheran says there ll be a strong wind in the afternoon .there used to be a cinema here before the war。第二，平行句。结构：1.用分号连接。Eg. Some people cryOthers laugh。Let s start earlyWe have a long way to go。2.连接到并行连接词和词组- and/but/or/so/however/still/therefore/yet/while/otherwise/for/b

10、oth.and./not only.but also./as well as/Or else/either.or./neither.nor./not.but.等等。Eg : I d like to，but I have lots of homework to do。Ive got a cold，so Im going to bed。both my father and mother are teachers。Its very good，yet I dont like it。三、复句构成：由一个主要句子和一个或多个子句组成。主句和从句都有完整的主谓语结构，但主句是全域主体，从句只是专门的一种成分

11、，不能独立存在。寺庙通常用柔道语引导，起到连接主节和寺庙的作用。名词子句(主语、表语、宾语及同义句)、形容词(定语从句)、副词子句(状语从句)。1.主语子句(Subject Clause)一个句子在复句中充当一个主语，那句就是主语。1)正规主语，句子在复合词中充当主语that he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all .whatether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown。who will be our monitor ha

12、nt been decided yet。whom web must study for is a question of great importance。what caused the accident remains unknown。Whatever you did is right。Whose watch was lost is unknown。What we need is time。摘要：(1)引导主语连接词是that、whether、who、what、whatever等(2)连接词不能放在句子开头(3)主语从句在大多数情况下被认为是第三人称单数。注意：为了避免句子的头沉，通常给出形

13、式主语it，实际主语放在句子末尾it is certain that he will win the match。it is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry。It is strange that he should do that。it is said that he has gone to Shang hai。(=he is said to have gone to Shanghai)it is known to all that the gun powder was first invented b

14、y the Chinese。it is suggested that the work should be done with great care。It seems that he has seen the film。(=he seems to have seen the film)it happened that the two cheats were there。(=the two cheats happened to be there)摘要：(1)用that引出的主语，经常用形式主语引导。It is形容词/名词/特定动词ed that子句。(2)在某些that子句中使用假设法(shou

15、ld do/should have done)2.剽窃定义：表语从句是用一个句子作为表语的。Problem is puzzling。以主语连接动词形容词为表语Problem is when we can get a payrise。主语用作谓语的句子-表语从句连接标语子句的连接者包括that、what、who、when、where、which、why、whether、how。He has become a teacher。he has become what he wanted to be ten years ago。She has remained there for an hour。she

16、 has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour。His suggestion is good。他的suggestion is that we should stay calm .The question is confusing。the question is when he can arrive at the hotel。who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow。Why he cried yesterday。how I can persuade her to join us in the party。注意：1.标语子句必须使用陈述句顺序。false : the question is when can he arrive at the hotel。right : the question is when he can arrive at the hotel。2.使用whether而不是if连接标语子句(as if例外)。false : the question is if the enemy is marching towards。right : the q