聚焦高考英语语法It的用法详解课件

1、名谚导入,Please translate the following sentence into English:,“ 活到老，学到老。”,It is never too late to learn.,The Use of “It”,(“It”的用法),The Use of “It”,真题回顾：,聚焦高考,1. I dont mind her criticizing me, but_is how she does it that I object to. A. it B. that C. this D. which (2007-34),江西考区：,真题汇编2007 2006 2005,考点聚

2、焦,KEY:,1. A,3. B,2. Yes, it is clearly that your life in _ (2006-82) your country is quit different from me. ,3. Cars do cause us some health problems-in fact far more serious_than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those (2005-24),2. clearlyclear,真题回顾：,聚焦高考,1. Have you heard the latest news?

3、 No, what_? A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those 2. _felt funny watching myself on TV. A. One B. This C. It D. That 3. He didnt make_clear when and where the meeting would held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 4. In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than_. A. That u

4、sed to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be 5. Little joy can equal_of a surprising ending when you read stories. A. that B. those C. any D.some,真题汇编2007：,(全国I，21),(全国II，7),(天津，),(安徽，25),(四川，32),KEY: ACCDA,真题回顾：,聚焦高考,6. He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestsel

5、ler. When was_? _was in 2000 when he was still in college. A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It 7.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than_ in the newspaper. A. it B. those C. one D. that 8. _worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. A. This B. That C. Wha

6、t D. It,真题汇编2007：,(浙江，16),(辽宁，27),(山东，24),返 回,KEY: DDD,真题回顾：,聚焦高考,1. If I can help_, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them 2.It was after he got what he had desired_he realized it was not so important. A. that B. when C. since D. as 3. _is our belief that improvements

7、in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It 4. How long do you think it will be_China sends a manned space- ship to the moon? Perhaps two or three years. A. when B. until C. that D.before,真题汇编2006：,(全国I，26),(辽宁，35),(浙江，4),(福建，25),KEY: CADD,真题回顾：,聚焦高考,

8、5. As the busiest women in Norton, she made_her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it 6. Id appreciate_if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D.you 7. Catherine bought a post card of the place she was visitin

9、g, addressing_ to_and then posted it at the nearby post office. A. it; her B. it; herself C. herself; her D. herself; herself,真题汇编2006：,(湖南，26),(山东，24),(安徽，34),返 回,KEY: DBB,真题回顾：,聚焦高考,1.The chairman thought_necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. A. that B. it C. this D. him 2.

10、The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but_didnt help. A. it B. she C. Which D. he 3. _in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires,真题汇编2005：,(全国I/II，35),(

11、全国III，13),(上海，38),KEY: BAC,真题回顾：,聚焦高考,4. I prefer a flat in Inverness to_in Perth, because I want to live near my moms. A. one B. that C. it D. this 5. Jim passed the driving test, _surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it 6. Weve been looking at houses but havent found_we l

12、ike yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them 7. He hasnt slept at all for three days. _he is tired out. A. There is no point B. There is no need C. It is no wonder D. It is no way,真题汇编2005：,(浙江，2),(浙江，20),(湖北，30),(天津，15),KEY: AAAC,真题回顾：,聚焦高考,8. _that he managed to get the information? Oh, a friend of his h

13、elped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 9. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D.those,真题汇编2005：,(江苏，26),返 回,(山东，31),KEY: CC,聚焦高考,考点聚焦：,1. It 作替代词的用法。,2. It 构成的句型。,返 回,知识结构,Please tell what the wor

14、d “it” refers to and its functions:,1. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be much better. 2. China will host the 2008 Olympic Games on August 8th, 2008. It surely is a great historical events this century. 3. The baby cried because it was hungry.,4. Its getting hotter and hotter

15、every day. 5. Its about five kilometers from here to the railway station.,8. It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of china.,6. It is a good thing that New Zealand helps the Maori to keep their own language and culture. 7. I hate it when people talk with th

16、eir mouths full.,实战演练,As Personal Pronoun,As Impersonal Pronoun,As Antecedent Pronoun,As Stressing Pronoun,As Formal Subject,As Formal Object,As Personal Pronoun:,1. It代替前面或后面的单数名词或分句所表示的事物。 2. It在特定的环境中，It也可指人，如婴儿、性别不详或身份不明的人。,返 回,知识结构,As Impersonal Pronoun:,It用作非人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一 特点是它后面的内容都

17、是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及环境、情况或句中 所涉及之人等。,返 回,知识结构,特别注意： 如何区分 It 是人称代词还是非人称代词。,As Antecedent Pronoun:,根据句子结构的需要，人们常用It作形式主语或形式宾语， 而把 真正的主语或宾语（不定式、动名词或名词性丛句）置于句末，以确保句 子保持平衡。,返 回,知识结构,实战演练,特别注意： 某些及物动词或短语不能直接加宾语丛句，此时须先用It作形式宾语，然后 接宾语从句。此种用法常用于like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on 等之后。,e. g. You may depend

18、 on it that they will support you.,As Stressing Pronoun:,实战演练,返 回,知识结构,It 作强调词主要用于强调句，其句式为： It is / was + 强调部分 + that + 句子其他剩余部分。 e.g. It was in Greece that Olympic competitions firstly started.,特别注意： 1)It 无意义，不可换成 this 或 that 及其他的词。 2)根据需要 be 前可加 may, might, must 等情态动词。 3)若强调部分是人，that 可用who(主格)或who

19、m(宾格)，其他情况一律用 that 。 4)特殊疑问句被强调时，只有疑问词可以被强调。句式为：疑问词 + is / was + it + that + 句子其他剩余部分？ e.g. It is I who am going to Beijing next week. It must be John who will come here. It is him whom I want to see. When was it that you began to learn English?,返 回,知识结构,As Stressing Pronoun:,1. It was for this reas

20、on_her uncle moved out New York and settled down in a small village. A. which B. why C. that D. how 2. Was it during the Second World War_he died? A. when B. which C. then D. that 3. It was Mr Smith that you met at the meeting, _? A. wasnt it B. isnt C. was it D. is it 4. I have always been honest a

21、nd straight forward, and it doesnt matter_ Im talking to. A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 5. It was not_she took off her dark glasses_I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then,KEY: CDABB,知识结构,1. Who knocked at the door? Ive

22、no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didnt ask who_was. A. he B. that C. she D. it 2. 1. Do you like_here? Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. A. that B. these C. that D. it 3._is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, mo

23、re prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It 4. If I can help_, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them 5. Is it my age_the boss minds? Im afraid not. He will consider_necessary to have an experienced assistant. A. which; it B. that; it C. which; that D. that; that

24、,KEY: DDDCB,返 回,重难点分析,2. It 作替代词的用法,3. It 构成的句型,Summarization:,1. 辨别 It 是人称代词还是非人称代词,重难点分析,1. It 作人称代词一定可在句中找出其所替代的东西，不管其在前还是在后。 2. It 作无人称代词在句中不管前后都找不出其所替代的东西。,辨别 It 是人称代词还是非人称代词,返 回,实战演练,重难点分析,Please find out in which sentence it refers to personal or impersonal pronoun: 1. Although we cantt see i

25、t, there is air all around us. 2. Its lovely in the garden. Lets go for a walk. 3. What time is it by your watch?,辨别 It 是人称代词还是非人称代词,返 回,KEY: 1 / 2 3,重难点分析,it作替代词，主要是其与one、 ones、 that、those 作替代词的区别： 1. it 替代同名同物，表特指。 e. g. Have you returned the book? No, I havent returned it. 2. one 只替代可数名词的人或物，表示同名

26、异物。one 前后均可被定语修饰， 如：a / an + adj. + one，此时表泛指；但 one 也可表示特指，此时只有当 one 被this、that、the 等词修饰时。 e. g. Do you have a dictionary? No, I dont have one. I dont like this book. Id like a more interesting one. I hope it was as good as the one you lent me. 3. ones 是 one 的复数形式。其前后均可被定语修饰。 e. g. I want large ones

27、, not small ones.,It作替代词的用法,重难点分析,4. that 既可替代可数名词，又可替代不可数名词，但不可代替人， 常带后置定语。一般指代上文已出现我事物，始终是特指。 e. g. In winter the weather in Beijing is colder than the in Guangzhou. 5. those 是 that 的复数形式，可替代人，常带后置定语，一般指代上文已出现 我事物，也是特指。 e. g. Those who do not wish to need not go. The house of the rich are generall

28、y larger than those of the poor.,实战演练,It作替代词的用法,返 回,重难点分析,It作替代词的用法,返 回,1. It is common that there are generation gaps between parents and their children, for the values of todays young people differ from_of their parents. A. ones B. it C. that D. those 2. The Parks bought a new house but _will need

29、 a lot of work before they can move in. A. one B. they C. it D . which 3. When shall we start? Lets_it 8:30. Is that all right? A. set B. meet C. make D. take 4. The college system at Oxford and Cambridge is unlike_of any other university, whether in Britain or American. A. that B. one C. it D. thos

30、e 5. The language used in advertisements differs from_used in ordinary readings. A. which B. what C. that D. it,KEY: DCCAC,重难点分析,It构成的句型,返 回,1. It 作形式主语的几种句型 2. It 引起的几个易混的时间句型,3. It 构成的强调句型,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 作形式主语的几种句型,Summarization: 1. It + be + adj. / n. (for sb. ) to do sth. 2. It + be +adj. / n.

31、 + that-clause 3. It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 4. It + be + n. + doing sth. 5. It + be + 过去分词 + that-clause 6. It + takes + sb. + 一段时间+ to do 7. It + seems /appears + that-clause 8. It seems / looks as if ,9. It + be + the best / worst + clause 10. It + be + the only + + clause 11. It doesnt m

32、atter + clause 12. Its not important + clause,实战演练,返 回,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 作形式主语的几种句型,1. It + be + adj. / n. (for sb. ) to do sth. 2. It + be +adj. / n. + that-clause 特别注意： 1)这两种句型一般可以转换，我们可以用 to do 转换成 that-clause 或反之。 e. g. Its important to learn English well. Its important that we should learn Engli

33、sh well. 2)在第二种句型中，that 从句常用虚拟语气(should可省)，但仅限于下列单词： 常用形容词：strange, necessary, important, etc. 常用名词：a pity, a shame, no wonder, etc. e.g. Its strange / a pity that no one should like this book.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 作形式主语的几种句型,3. It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 在此句型中，形容词为表示批评或表扬的，常用的形容词为： good, nice,

34、kind, right, stupid, clever, cruel, rude, wise, brave, foolish, naughty, polite, careless, considerate, etc. e. g. We all think it is most foolish of you to make this mistake. 特别注意： 与第一种句型： It + be + adj. / n. (for sb. ) to do sth. 相比较时，如何选用 for 或 of? 1)如需说明动作是谁做的，用 for 短语。 e.g. It is a prize for a

35、country to hold the Olympic Games. 2)如需说明动作主语是什么样的，用 of 短语。表达说话人对主语的看法和情绪。 e. g. It is very kind of you to come to see me.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 作形式主语的几种句型,4. It + be + no + n. + doing sth. 其中的名词常为：use, good e. g. Its no use arguing with him. Its no good taking this medicine.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 作形式主语的几种句型,

36、5. It + be + 过去分词 + that-clause 在此句型中，that-clause 中常用虚拟语气(should 可省)，常见的动词为： require, request, demand, recommend, order, desire, propose, etc. e. g. It is required that all passengers show the tickets.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 作形式主语的几种句型,6. It + takes + sb. + 一段时间+ to do e. g. It took them three months to f

37、inish the task.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 作形式主语的几种句型,7. It + seems /appears /happens + that-clause 8. It seems / looks as if e. g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much. Look! It seems as if it were going to rain. But after a moment, it doesnt rain. Look! It seems as if it is going to rain. And after a

38、 moment, it rains. 特别注意： It seems /looks as if 可根据实际情况选择是否使用虚拟语气。,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 作形式主语的几种句型,9. It + be + the best / worst + clause 10. It + be + the only + + clause 特别注意： 在上述句型中从句常用现在完成时： e. g. It is the best opera (that) I have ever watched. It was the flying experience I have had.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,

39、返 回,It 作形式主语的几种句型,11. It doesnt matter + clause 12. Its not important + clause 特别注意： 在上述句型中从句常用一般现在时： e. g. It dosent matter where we go on holiday.,实战演练,重难点分析,It构成的句型,返 回,It 作形式主语的几种句型,1. _in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is requi

40、red B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 2. It is generally accepted_is what one does_matters but not what he says. A. it that; what B. that it; that C. that; what D. what; that 3. _is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. As B.

41、 That C. This D. It 4. The Foreign Minister said, “_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 5. Its pretty well understood_controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the at- mosphere today. A. that B. where C. what D. how,KEY: CBDDC,重难点分析,I

42、t构成的句型,It 引起的几个易混的时间句型,返 回,Summarization: 1. Its ( about / high) time (that) 2. It + is / was / will be + the first (second ) time + that-clause 3. It was / will (not) be + 段时间(hours, days, years, etc) + before-clause 4. It is / has been + 段时间(years, days, weeks, months, etc) + since-clause 5. It is

43、 / was + 具体的时间点 + when-clause,实战演练,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 引起的几个易混的时间句型,1. Its ( about / high) time (that) 本结构中，time 之后可接介词短语、动词不定式或 that 从句。 特别注意： 在从句中，谓语动词须用虚拟语气，用“should + 动词原形”(should 不能省) 或用动词的过去式。 e. g. Its (about) time that we went / should go to bed. Its (about) time for us to go to bed.,重难点分析,It构成

44、的句型,It 引起的几个易混的时间句型,2. It + is / was / will be + the first (second ) time + that-clause 本结构中，It 也可用 this, that 等，其中序数词也可修饰 day, month,year 等名词。 特别注意： 从句用完成时代。 e. g. Itwas the second time that I had visited the Great Wall last year. This is the fourth time that she has rung you today.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,I

45、t 引起的几个易混的时间句型,3. It was / will (not) be + 段时间(hours, days, years, etc) + before-clause 本结构中表示某一动作从现在起到将来某时刻之前发生的这一段时间的总和， 也可表示某一动作从过去某时刻起直到另一过去时刻发生之前的若干时间。 特别注意： 1)主句部分用 was ，before 从句用过去时。 2)主句部分用 will be，则 before 从句用现在时。 e. g. It will be two years before we meet again. It was a long time before I

46、 got to sleep again last night.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 引起的几个易混的时间句型,4. It is / has been + 段时间(years, days, weeks, months, etc) + since-clause 本结构表示某一动作或状态从结束时起到现在或另一过去时间为止的若干时间。 这一动作或状态的结束是以 since 从句表现出来的。 特别注意： 1)since 从句用一般过去时。 e. g. What was the party like? Wonderful. Its years since I enjoyed myself s

47、o much. It is / has been five years since I began to learn English. 2)在：It is time since-clause 中，since 从句中不能否定式。 e. g. 正：It is / has been three years since I met you in London last. 误：Its ten years since you didnt come to see me.,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 引起的几个易混的时间句型,返 回,5. It is / was + 具体的时间点 + when-clau

48、se 本结构是定语从句句型，具体的时间点是先行词，关系副词 when 引导定语从 句。 特别注意： 1)主句部分用 is ，when 从句用现在时。 2)主句部分用 was， when 从句用一般过去时。 e. g. It is 6 oclock when I go home from school every day. It was five oclock in the afternoon when they climbed up to the mountain.,实战演练,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 引起的几个易混的时间句型,返 回,1. It was some time_ we r

49、ealized the truth. A. when B. until C. since D. before 2 . It is some time_ we realized the truth. A. when B. until C. since D. before 3. That was really a splendid evening. Its years_I enjoyed myself so much. A. when B. that C. before D. since 4. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not

50、 yet eight oclock_he arrived home. A. before B. when C. that D. until 5. What a beautiful picture! Its years_I painted a picture as beautiful as this one. A. that B. since C. before D. when,KEY: DCDBC,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 构成的强调句型,返 回,如何判断一个句子是否是强调句型： 强调句式判断方法最为简单，即去掉 It is / was + + that / who 之后句子结构 完整

51、，语意齐全，则是强调句。,实战演练,重难点分析,It构成的句型,It 构成的强调句型,返 回,Please find out the stressing sentences: 1. It is strange that he was absent yesterday 2. It is from the sun that we get heat and light. 3. It is the sun from which we get heat and light. 4. It is likely that they will beat us tonight. 5. It was reporte

52、d that dozens of children died in the accident.,6. It is the ability to do the job_matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. that C. what D. it,KEY: 2 B,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,A,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,B,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例

53、题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,C,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,C,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,C,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,

54、例题讲解,分析：,答案：,B,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,B,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,D,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,A,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,A,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,A,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8,例题7,例题6,例题9,例题12,例题11,例题10,例题13,例题16,例题15,例题14,例题讲解,分析：,答案：,D,例题1,例题4,例题3,例题2,例题5,例题8