新人教版英语八年级下册unit8重点讲解及练习题

1、语法聚焦：现在完成时语法聚焦：现在完成时(Present(Present PerfectPerfect Tense)Tense) 1)1) 现在完成时的定义： （1） 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结 果。 Its so dark. 太黑了。 Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了。 （2） 表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状 态。常与 since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，so far 等时间状语连 用。 I have lived here for ten years. 我已经住在这里 10 年了。（从 10 年

2、前开始，持续到现在还 住这儿） I have lived here since 2003. 自从 2003 年我就住在这儿。 （从 2003 年开始，持续到现在还住这儿） 2)2) 现在完成时的构成及句式转换： 助动词 have/has + 过去分词 I have finished my homework. (肯定句) I have not finished my homework. （否定句） Have you finished your homework? Yes, I have. / No, I havent, （一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答）现 在完成时的标志： 常与 just, alr

3、eady, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等连用， 强调动作 的完成，不强调动作的持续。 Have you ever been to Japan? I have just finished my homework. for + 时间段；since + 过去的时间点；since + 段时间 ago；since + 一般过去时的句子。 They have known each other for five years. Since he was a child, he has lived in England. do _ _go_ _ read_see_ _kn

4、ow_ _eat _ _ forget _ _write_-_ 一、根据句意或汉语提示写词。 1. We often see people take out _ and shoot others in action movies. 2. Li Ming went to Paris three years ago, now he can speak _ very well. 3. I think dictionaries and Internet are good _(工具) for us to study English. 4. Look, Tim is walking t_ the libr

5、ary. He wants to borrow some books. 5. Would you like something e_ to eat?No, thanks. Im full. 【课后巩固】【课后巩固】 一、用括号内所给单词适当形式填空 (每题 4 分,共 20 分) 1. Judy has already _ (finish) reading Little Women. 2. Tom and Mike have already _ (decide) to learn Chinese on Internet. 3. Have you _ (read) Alice in Wonder

6、land yet? 4. Robinson _ (have) already built a house on the island. 5. It often _ (snow) in North China in winter. yet / alreadyyet / already already already 通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”，位于行 为动词之前，be 动词、助动词之后。 例如： We have already cleaned the classroom. 我们已经打扫了教室。 yetyet 用于疑问句中表示“已经”； 用于否定句中表示“还 （没） ”。 例 如： Has h

7、e found his watch yet? No, not yet. 单项选择： Have you done most of your jobs? Not _. I will do them in a minute. A. neitherB. never C. alreadyD. yet Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for EnglishSteve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class?class? 斯蒂夫，你已经决定英

8、语课写哪本书了吗？斯蒂夫，你已经决定英语课写哪本书了吗？ which book to write about 意为“写哪一本书”， 此处为“疑问词 +动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。 I cant decide when to start. 我不能决定何时动身。 I am thinking about how to deal with the problem.我正在考虑 怎样处理这个问题。 拓展 常用于此结构的疑问词还包括疑问代词 who, whom, what 及疑问副词 when, where 和 how。 He taught me how to pronounce it. 他教我如何发音

9、。 I didnt decide where to live. 我没有决定住哪儿。 （2012 呼和浩特）Which dress do you like best, Madam? Sorry, I cant decide _ now. A. to buy which oneB. buy which one C. which one to buyD. which I should buy it It was really good, so IIt was really good, so I couldntcouldnt putput it it downdown. . put down 意为“记

10、下；放下”，为“动词+副词”型短语，宾语 若为代词，应放在 put 与 down 中间。 （2012河北） _ your name on the paper and you can get a magazine. A. Cut downB. Look downC. Turn downD. Put down one the other, some the othersone the other, some the others 的辨析 1 1. . oneone thethe otherother 为固定搭配，用于两者之间，意为 “一 个另一个”。 例如： He has two sons. On

11、e is a doctor, the other is a student. 他有两个儿子。一个是医生，另一个是学生。 2 2. some the otherssome the others用于三者或三者以上， 意为“一些其 余的”。 例如： Boys are on the playground. Some are playing basketball, the others are playing football. 男孩们都在操场上，一些正打篮 球，其余的正在踢足球。 （2012山东济宁）Lily and her sister look the same. I cant tell one

12、from _. A. otherB. anotherC. the otherD. others 词义辨析词义辨析: : successsuccess 、succeedsucceed、 successfulsuccessful 和和 successfullysuccessfully 的辨析 successsuccess：名词，意为“成功” succeedsucceed：不及物动词，后常接 in doing sth.in doing sth.。 succeed in sthsucceed in sth. “在某事上取得成功”； succeed in doing sth.succeed in doi

13、ng sth. “成功做某事”。 successful:successful: 形容词，意为“成功的”。 successfully:successfully: 副词，意为“成功地”。 选词填空：succeeded, successful, successfully 1. She _ in passing the exam. 她成功的通过了考 试。 2. The performance was _. 演出很成功。 3. I finished my training _. 我成功地完成了训练。 2. 2.语法聚焦：语法聚焦： The number of records he has sold.Th

14、e number of records he has sold. 他已售出的唱片的数量 the number of 意为“的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 The number of visitors to Hong Kong has now increased. 现在去香港参观的人数已增加。 试一试：辨析 the number of 与 a number of （2013贵州安顺）In our school library there _ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them _ grow

15、ing larger and larger. A. are; isB. is; areC. have; areD. has; is belong to.belong to.属属干，为，为所拥有所拥有 belong to.为动词短语，意为属于，为所拥有。其中to 是介词，后接名词或人称代词的宾格形式，但不能跟物主代词或所 有格。 This ring belongs to my mother.这戒指是我妈妈的。 These books belong to me.这些书是属于我。 注意belong to可以与物 主代词或所有格进行句式互换。 This house belongs to us. = T

16、his house is ours这座房子是我们的。 ThisCD belongs toIt isnt A.Tom; Sam B.Tom; SamsC. Toms ； Sams D. Toms ； Sam 一、根据汉语或首字母提示写词。 （5 分） 1We Chinese should love our motherland（祖国）f_. 2 While she was studying a_, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home. 3Many songs these days are just about m_ lif

17、e in the US, such as the importance of money and s_. 4The poet（诗人） loves the b_ of the nature and the country. 5. We often i_ ourselves to others at the beginning of the term.（学期） 二、用所给单词正确形式填空。（5 分） （一）根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。 （每题 2 分，共 10 分） 1)Exploration team found a lot of t_ on this old island. 2)Chinas

18、 science and t_ is developing fast. 3)His son has studied a_ for five years. 4)They live in one of the most m_ cities in the world. 5)Diaoyu Islands b_ to China forever. （二）选择合适的单词完成短文。 （每题 2 分，共 10 分） abroad,success,modern,records,introduce Today, we will _ a famous pop singer to you. He is Steven

19、Hom, a British young man. When he was 12, he had his first band with three friends at school. They soon had many fans. Most of them are middle school students. When Steven was 18, he went _ to study music. After Steven finished his study in the university, he set up his second hand-Magic Maker. This

20、 band mainly plays _ music. They have sold over 50 million _. Magic Maker is a big _ and they have concerts all over the world every year. （三）单项选择。 （每题 2 分，共 20 分） () 1. Ive just got a new MP4. Where _ you _ it? In a shopping mall near here.A. have; boughtB. did; buyC. are; boughtD. were; getting ()

21、 2. Will you go and see the movieNet Mother with me? Thank you. But I _ it already. A. sawB. have seenC. seeD. will see () 3. I began watching here an hour ago, but now nothing _ yet. A. happensB. will happenC. happenedD. has happened () 4. Its sometimes hard to tell one twin from _. A. anotherB. so

22、me otherC. otherD. the other () 5. Look! A book is on the floor. Whose is it? It _ be Ricks. It has his name on it. A. mustntB. cantC. mustD. need () 6. Hello, may I speak to Mr. Smith? Sorry, he isnt in. He _ the office. A. has been toB. has gone toC. has been awayD. has left () 7.A number of volunteers _ willing to teach in Chinas rural areas. Yes, the number _ getting bigger and bigger. A. is;