21世纪大学实用英语综合教程

1、Unit1,. Objectives,. Suggested Teaching Plan,. Background Information,. Class Presentation,Preview,Preview,This is the first unit of Book One. In the Listening and Speaking section, you will learn how to start a conversation with other people and how to talk about yourself. In the Reading and Writin

2、g section, Text A tells us about the transition the author experienced from high school to college; Text B tells us what the writer wants from his college education; Text C includes some advice from a former college student.,prev.,grasp the basic skills necessary to understand and talk to other peop

3、le when meeting them for the first time; understand the main ideas of Texts A and B, and master the useful sentence structures and words and expressions found in the texts; know clearly how to use the countable and uncountable nouns present simple and past simple tenses of English; fill in a form wi

4、th their personal information;,. Objectives,After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to,Obj.,5. Read a college calender; 6. understand the main idea of an English paragraph and identify the topic sentence.,Obj.,. Suggested Teaching Plan,Suggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit

5、 1,Time,Contents,Plan,s.t.p.1,The teacher explains the Preview so that the students will have some idea of what this unit is about. Then, the teacher lets the students,2 periods,Preview,Listening and Speaking,s.t.p.2,1) Introducing Yourself,listen to the first half of the short talk in Ex. 1 twice a

6、nd fill in the missing words;,A.,B.,listen to the second half of the short talk in Ex. 1 twice and fill in the missing words;,C.,listen to the whole short talk and do Ex.2;,Time,Contents,Plan,Listening and Speaking,2) Getting to Know People,go through the new words in the 1st conversation in Exercis

7、e 3 and listen to the conversation twice while filling in the missing words;,A.,s.t.p.2,Time,Contents,Plan,C.,go through the second conversation with the same steps;,D.,do Exercise 4 in pairs or groups.,s.t.p.2,Time,Contents,Plan,B.,answer the questions about the conversation by way of group discuss

8、ion or the traditional teacher- student interaction;,s.t.p.3,3) Listening Practice,Before ending class, the teacher tells the students how to do the exercises (Ex. 5-10) in Listening Practice as their homework. The teacher also tells the students that they should be prepared to answer the questions

9、in Ex. 9 and give an oral presentation in class when the teacher and the students next meet.,Time,Contents,Plan,3 periods,Review of the listening and speaking skills the students have learned,The teacher asks some students to answer the questions in Ex. 9 of the Listening and Speaking section and in

10、vites at least two students to give an oral presentation in class, telling their classmates three reasons why they want to be college students.,s.t.p.4,Time,Contents,Plan,After finishing the Listening and Speaking tasks, the teacher turns to the Reading and Writing section of the unit. (These activi

11、ties should be done in half a period.),s.t.p.4,Time,Contents,Plan,1) Starter,After a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacher,s.t.p.5,Text A and being away from home, the food, competition with other students, difficulties in study, washing clothes, taking a bath or shower, new teachers, e

12、tc. (for things students may be worried about);,s.t.p.6,Time,Contents,Plan,B.,organizes pair work or group discussion among the students, which should last for about 5 minutes only, then,C.,gives the students 10 minutes to read Text A and find out the things that worried the writer when he first got

13、 to college. (The Starter should be done in about half a period.),s.t.p.7,Time,Contents,Plan,2) Text A,A.,The teacher,discusses the whole text with the students (one period);,s.t.p.7,Time,Contents,Plan,B.,guides the students through the exercises, focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises

14、as the students homework according to the students levels (one period or more).,s.t.p.8,1 period,Grammar Review,1) Grammar Review,The teacher talks about the difference between countable and uncountable nouns, and at the same time, asks the students to do the grammar exercises in class.,Time,Content

15、s,Plan,s.t.p.9,Practical Writing,2) Practical Writing,The teacher asks the students to look at the Chinese information in Ex. 12 of the section of Practical Writing and see if they can fill in the English Registration Form with this information. After this, the teacher explains the different terms a

16、nd expressions in the registration form. With the help of the teacher,Time,Contents,Plan,s.t.p.9,the students should complete the form in Ex. 13 with their own information, and do Ex. 14 as well.,Time,Contents,Plan,2 periods,Text B federal, state, and private loan programs; and benefits for veterans

17、 and certain other groups such as war orphans. (Adapted from the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia),BI-sno1,Supplementary names of colleges and departments,Beijing Union University,北京联合大学,Shanghai College of Electricity and Machinery Technology,上海电机技术高等专科学校,Tianjin Vocational College,天津职业大学,Sh

18、anxi Finance were all by ourselves. You cant go home by yourself in the dark.,Language Points,请进来吧；我们没有客人。,天黑黑的，你不能一个人回家。,I was afraid of being off by myself, away from my family for the first time.,我害怕独自一人在外，因为我是第一次远离家人。,off 意为 away（离开）。,Article1_popwinS_I was,Language Points,Here I was surrounded

19、by people I did not know and who did not know me:,people后有两个定语从句：(whom) I did not know 和 who did not know me。在第一个定语从句中，省略了whom。,Article1_popwinS_Here I,Language Points,surround /sE5rnd/: vt. be or move into position all around (sb. or sth.) 包围；围住；环绕,e.g.,The trees surround the house. As a child I wa

20、s surrounded by love and kindness.,Article1_popwin_surround,Language Points,树木围绕着房子。（或：房子四周都是树。）,作为一个孩子，我周围充满了爱和仁慈。,make friends with: become friendly with sb. 与某人交朋友,e.g.,He made friends with an old worker.,Article1_popwin_make friends with,Language Points,他跟一个老工人交了朋友。,compete /kEm5pi:t/: vi. try t

21、o win sth. by defeating others who are trying to do the same 竞争；对抗,e.g.,Its difficult for a small country to compete against/with big countries.,Article1_popwin_compete,Language Points,一个小国难以和那些大国竞争。,course /: n. a series of lessons or studies in a particular subject 课程；科目,Article1_popwin_course,Lan

22、guage Points,I would take: 此句是省略了关系代词 that 或 which 的定语从句。,Article1_popwin_I would take,Language Points,smart /t/: a. clever 聪明的,e.g.,Tom is smart and always gets the highest grades.,Article1_popwin_smart,Language Points,汤姆很聪明，总是得最高分。,keep up with: move or progress at the same rate as 跟上,e.g.,I had t

23、o walk fast to keep up with him. Jacks having trouble keeping up with the other students in his class.,Article1_popwin_keep up with,Language Points,我必须走得快才能跟上他。,杰克难以跟上班里的其他学生。,3) What did the writer have to do in order to do well in his studies?,He had to set a study program.,Article2_popwin_Q,Chine

24、se Version,我很快就认识到，我的生活现在就取决于我自己了。如果我要在学业上取得成功，我就必须制定一份学习计划。我必须调整花在学习上的时间和花在社交上的时间。我必须决定什么时候上床睡觉，什么时候吃什么，什么时候喝什么，对什么人表示友好。这些问题我都得自己回答。,Article2_popwin_T,Article2_popwin_be up to,be up to: be left to (sb.) to decide 取决于(某人)的，须由(某人)决定的,e.g.,You may do your homework today or tomorrow its up to you. Its

25、 up to our group leader to make the final decision.,Language Points,你可以今天也可以明天做作业由你自己决定。,最后的决定由我们的组长来做。,Article2_popwin_set,set: cause to exist 树立，制定,e.g.,Parents should set a good example for their children. The school set high standards for its students.,Language Points,家长应给孩子树立一个好榜样。,这所学校给学生们规定了高

26、标准。,Article2_popwin_succeed,succeed /sEk5si:d/: vi. do what one is trying to do; achieve the desired end 成功；达到目的,e.g.,If you can learn, you can succeed in school. If you try hard, you will succeed.,Language Points,如果你能学习，你就能在学校里取得成功。,如果你非常努力，你就会成功。,Article2_popwin_regulate,regulate /5regjleIt/: vt.

27、control (time, speed, etc.) so that it functions as desired 调整；调节（时间、速度等）,e.g.,regulate ones life regulate the temperature of a room,Language Points,调整生活,调节室温,Article2_popwin_time I spent,time I spent: = time that I spent.,The relative pronoun “that” as the object of the attributive clause is omitte

28、d in this sentence (本定语从句中作为宾语的关系代词 that 被省略了).,Language Points,Article2_popwin_socialize,socialize /: vi. meet people socially 与人交往；交际,Language Points,Article2_Spopwin_I had to decide when to go to bed, when,I had to decide when to go to bed, when : 本课文使用了较多起连接作用的副词和代词。这种副词和代词可以用于动词、介词或一些固定的短语之后。,e

29、.g.,They re discussing what to do next. I don t know where to go. Tom is not sure when he can come back.,他们正在讨论接下来怎么办。,我不知道去什么地方。,汤姆不能肯定什么时候能回来。,Language Points,Article2_popwin_with whom to be friendly,with whom to be friendly: with whom to be friends 对谁友好,e.g.,Betty s very friendly with John and To

30、m.,Language Points,贝蒂对约翰和汤姆非常友好。,Article2_Spopwin_These questions I had to answer for myself:,These questions I had to answer for myself: The object “these questions” appears at the beginning of the sentence so that it is more closely linked with the sentence that goes before it. In this sentence, “

31、for myself” means unaided “without help” (独自地;依靠自己).,e.g.,Nobody should help John with his homework this time. He must do it for himself.,Language Points,这一次谁都不应帮着汤姆做作业。他必须独自完成。,Article2_popwin_ for myself,Language Points,for oneself: unaided; without help 独自地；依靠自己,Article3_popwin_Q,4) What mistakes

32、 did the writer make at first?,He made mistakes in how to use his time.,Article3_popwin_T,Chinese Version,开始时，生活有点艰难。我在怎样利用时间上犯了错误。我在交朋友上花的时间太多了。我还在怎样选择大学里的第一批朋友上犯了一些错误。,Article3_popwin_at first,at first: at or in the beginning 起先，开始时,e.g.,At first, George did not know how to do his work and felt wo

33、rried. If at first you don t succeed, try, try again.,Language Points,开始时，乔治不知道怎样干自己的工作，心里很发愁。,如果开初失利，那就再试一次。,Article3_popwin_at first,e.g.,At first I thought he was shy, but then I discovered that he was just not interested in other people.,起先我以为他是怕羞，但后来才发觉他是对别人不感兴趣。,Article3_popwin_a bit,e.g.,a bi

34、t: a little or to a small degree 有点；稍微,I m a bit tired tonight. She looks a bit like my sister.,Language Points,今晚我有点累。,她看上去有点像我妹妹。,Article3_popwin_spend time (in) doing sth,spend time (in) doing sth.: use time doing a particular thing 花时间做某事,e.g.,Mary spends all her free time writing one book after

35、 another. I spent an hour reading.,Language Points,玛丽把她所有的空余时间都用来一本接一本地写书。,我花了一个小时阅读。,Article4_popwin_Q,5) What happened to him shortly after?,He had his life under control and was able to do well in his studies.,6) What other things did the writer do in addition to his studies?,He made a few friend

36、s and set up a routine that met his needs.,Article4_popwin_T,Chinese Version,然而不久，我就控制住了自己的生活。我做到了按时上课，完成并交上了第一批作业，而且以相当好的成绩通过了前几次考试。此外，我还交了一些朋友，跟他们在一起我感到很自在，我能把我担心的事告诉他们。我建立了一种真正属于我自己的常规一种满足了我的需要的常规。,Article4_popwin_shortly,shortly /5FC:tlI/: ad. in a short time; not long; soon 不久；很快,e.g.,Ms Jones

37、will be back shortly. They began their work shortly after New Years Day.,Language Points,琼斯女士很快就会回来。,元旦过后不久，他们就开始工作了。,Article4_popwin_however,however /h5evE/: conj. nevertheless; yet 然而；可是,e.g.,Its raining hard. However, they went out. The book is expensive; however, it s worth buying.,Language Poin

38、ts,当时雨下得很大，然而他们还是出去了。,这本书很贵，然而却值得买。,Article4_popwin_have sth. under control,have sth. under control: have sth. managed, dealt with, or kept in order successfully 使某事恢复正常；使某事处于控制之下,e.g.,I m glad to see that you have had everything under control. The soldiers had had the fire under control by 9:00 p.m

39、.,Language Points,很高兴看到你已使一切恢复正常。,到晚上9点，战士们已控制住了火势。,Article4_popwin_have sth. under control,control /: n.,the ability or power to make sb. or sth. do what you want 控制；支配,Article4_popwin_manage,manage /: vt. succeed in doing (sth.) 设法做到,e.g.,Anyway, we managed to get there on time. When they first ar

40、rived in Shanghai, they managed to find a place to stay.,Language Points,不管怎么说，我们还是准时赶到了那儿。,他们初到上海时，设法找到了一个住的地方。,Article4_popwin_assignment,assignment /: n. task or duty assigned to sb.; a piece of work that a student is asked to do （分派的）任务；（指定的）作业,Language Points,Article4_popwin_on time,on time: at

41、 the correct time or the arranged time 准时,e.g.,Jack was worried about whether hed be able to get there on time.,Language Points,杰克担心自己能否准时到达那儿。,Article4_popwin_hand in,e.g.,hand in: give (sth.) to sb. in authority 交上,Did you hand in your homework on time?,Language Points,你准时把作业交上去了吗？,我的英语老师懂三门语言。除了英

42、语和汉语外，他还懂法语。,e.g.,in addition: as sth. extra; besides 另外；加之,Tom studies very hard in our school. In addition, he always helps his classmates. My English teacher knows three languages. In addition to English and Chinese, he also knows French.,addition /: n.,adding; person or thing added 加；增加的人（或物）,La

43、nguage Points,汤姆在我们学校里学习非常努力。此外，他还一直帮助他的同班同学。,Article4_popwin_in addition,Article4_popwin_comfortable,e.g.,comfortable /: a. feeling physically relaxed and satisfied; feeling free from anxiety 舒适的；安逸的；无忧无虑的,I was so comfortable and warm in bed that I didnt want to get up. She does not feel very comf

44、ortable with strangers.,Language Points,我在床上又舒服又暖和，根本不想起来。,她在生人面前感到不自在。,Article4_popwin_share,e.g.,share /: vt. have or use (sth.) with others; tell (sb.) about (sth.) 与别人分享(或合用)(物)； 把(某事)告诉(某人),I share an office with some other teachers. They shared the cake between them. I want to share my news wi

45、th you.,Language Points,我与别的几位教师合用一个办公室。,他们分享了那只蛋糕。,我想把我得到的消息告诉你。,Article4_popwin_fear,fear /: n. unpleasant feeling when danger is close; feeling of being afraid 恐惧；害怕,Language Points,Article4_popwin_routine,routine /ru:5ti:n/: n. fixed and regular way of doing things 惯常的程序；常规,Language Points,Artic

46、le4_Spopwin_I set up a routine that was really my own a routine that met my needs.,I set up a routine that was really my own a routine that met my needs.,我建立了一种真正属于我自己的常规一种满足了我的需要的常规。 破折号后的 a routine that met my needs 系同位语，强调和补充说明上文的 a routine。,Language Points,Article4_popwin_ set up,set up: establi

47、sh 建立,e.g.,He set up a small travel business. A fund will be set up for the dead men s families.,Language Points,他开办了一家小旅行社。,将为死者的家属设立一项基金。,Article4_popwin_ meet,e.g.,meet /: vt. satisfy 满足,Does this meet your hopes? We are doing our best to meet your needs.,Language Points,这满足你的希望了吗？,我们正在尽最大的努力满足你们

48、的需要。,Article5_popwin_ Q,7) How did the writer begin to see himself as a result?,He began to see himself as a person responsible for himself and for others.,Article5_popwin_ T,Chinese Version,结果，我开始从一个不同的视角看待我自己了。我开始把自己看作是一个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责的人。凡事自己做决定并看到这些决定最终证明是明智的决定，这种感觉很好。我猜想这就是人们所说的“成长”的一部分吧。,Articl

49、e5_popwin_ as a result,as a result: coming or happening as a natural consequence 结果,e.g.,He made one big mistake and, as a result, lost his job. He was late as a result of the snow.,Language Points,他犯了一个大错，结果丢了工作。,因为下雪，他迟到了。,Article5_popwin_ look on/upon,e.g.,look on/upon: regard (sb. or sth.) in th

50、e specified way （以特定目光或情绪）看；看待,We looked on her as our own daughter. I look on him with dislike.,Language Points,我们把她看作自己的女儿。,我以厌恶的眼光看待他。,Article5_popwin_ see as,e.g.,see as: regard as 把看作,He saw himself as a great man. I want you to think of this as your home. I look on him as a good friend.,Langua

51、ge Points,他把自己看作是一个伟人。,我希望你把这里看作是自己的家。,我把他看作是一个好朋友。,Similar expressions:,Article5_popwin_ perspective,perspective /: n. a way of looking at things and forming a judgement （观察问题的）视角；观点,Language Points,Article5_popwin_ responsible,responsible /rIs5pnsEbl/: a. (for) legally or morally obliged to take c

52、are of sb. or sth. or to carry out a duty, and liable to be blamed if one fails （法律上或道义上）需负责任的,承担责任的,e.g.,He is responsible for the management of the company. They are not my children, but I still feel responsible for them.,Language Points,他负责经营这家公司。,他们不是我的孩子，但我仍然觉得要对他们负责。,Article5_Spopwin_ I began

53、to see myself as ,I began to see myself as a person responsible for myself and responsible for my friends and family.,我开始把自己看作是一个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责的人。 句中的 responsible for myself 作定语，修饰 a person。短语作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后。相同的例子还有第六段中的 a person dependent on my family。,Language Points,我没有足够的钱去参观动物园。光进门就要花12美元。 (

54、主语为 just to get in the door),Its faster to fly than to go by train. I dont have enough money to visit the zoo. It costs $12 just to get in the door.,It felt good to make my own decisions and see those decisions turn out to be wise ones:,本句中，It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语 to makeand see。,Language Points,Oth

55、er examples:,乘飞机比坐火车要快。 (主语为 to fly),Article5_Spopwin_ It felt good to make my own decisions and see those decisions turn out to be wise ones,Its no use worrying. Its a pity you couldnt come.,Article5_Spopwin_ It felt good to make my own decisions and see those decisions turn out to be wise ones,Oth

56、er examples:,担心是没用的。(主语为 worrying),你不能来，真遗憾。 (主语为 you couldnt come),Article5_popwin_ decision,decision /: n. sth. that is decided 决定,e.g.,I need to think about it. It s a big decision. Can you tell me who made the decision?,Language Points,我需要考虑一下。这是一项重大决定。,你能告诉我是谁做的决定吗？,Article5_popwin_ turn out,tu

57、rn out: prove to be 证明是,e.g.,Our party last night turned out a success. I was a bit worried about John s idea at first, but it turned out to be a really good one.,Language Points,我们昨晚的聚会结果很成功。,起初我对约翰的想法有点担心，但结果证明他的想法真的很好。,Article5_popwin_ wise,e.g.,wise /: a. having or showing good judgment 英明的；明智的,

58、I think you have made a very wise decision. Do you think it s wise for him to travel by himself?,Language Points,我认为你作出了一项非常明智的决定。,你认为他独自旅行明智吗？,Article5_Spopwin_ all part of what people call“growing up”,e.g.,all part of what people call “growing up”: what = the thing(s) which,This is what I want. I

59、believe what he told me. I m not sure about what I need.,Language Points,这就是我要的东西。,我相信他告诉我的话。,我也不能肯定我需要什么。,Article5_popwin_ grow up,e.g.,grow up: reach the stage of full development; become adult or mature 长大；成长；成熟,What do you want to be when you grow up? I grew up in Kunming.,Language Points,你长大了想做什么？,我是在昆明长大的。,8) What did he t