初三的英语被动语态详细讲解.ppt

1、A,1,The Passive Voice,Made by Li Yong at Sanhua Middle School Sept. 23rd,2015,被动语态,The Passive Voice,A,2,一.被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,二.被动语态的结构: be + 过去分词 （ 及物动词 ） 被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式 . 汉语中往往用 “ 被 ” “ 受 ” “ 给 ”等词来表示被动意义 . 三.主动语态变为被动语态的方法 : 1

2、 . 主动句中的宾语变成被动句的主语 . 2 . 主动句中的谓语动词变成被动句的 be + 过去分词 . 3 . 主动句中的主语变成被动句 by 的宾语 , 放在谓语动词后面 . 如果不强调动作执行者时 , by 短语可省略 .,A,4,1. His brother washes bowls every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,A,5,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term

3、. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词,A,6,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,A,7,4.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,A,8,1.一般现在时：,S+am/is /are +过去分词,2.一般过去时：,S+was/were +过去分词.,3. 情态动词：

4、,S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词.,4.现在完成时,S+ have/has + been+过去分词.,S + will+be+过去分词.,5. 一般将来时：,四.各种时态的被动语态构成,A,9,1.一般现在时 am/is/are +done,We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day.,返回,A,10,He put on a coat. A coat was put on by him.,2.一般过去时 was/were+done,He made the

5、kite. The kite was made by him.,返回,A,11,3.含有情态动词的被动语态,can/may/must/should +be done,I can find him. He can be found by me.,返回,A,12,4.现在完成时 has /have +been done,Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim.,返回,A,13,5.一般将来时 will /be going to+ be done,They will plant trees tomorrow. Tree

6、s will be planted by them tomorrow He is going to write a letter to his mother. A letter is going to be written to his mother by him.,返回,Exercise Change the following sentences into the Passive voice : 1 . People speak English all over the world . English is spoken all over the world by people . 2 .

7、 She washes her hands before lunch . Her hands are washed before lunch . 3 . Do the young pioneers plant trees every spring ? Are trees planted by the young pioneers every spring ? 4 . His uncle doesnt often play table tennis . Table tennis isnt often played by his uncle . .,5 . I borrowed this book

8、 from the library last week . This book was borrowed from the library last week . 6 . The policemen caught three thieves last night . Three thieves were caught by the policemen last night . 7 . I didnt buy a dictionary . A dictionary wasnt bought by me . 8 . Did you bring a raincoat ? Was a raincoat

9、 brought by you ?,9 . He will study English well . English will be studied well by him . 10 . Will you clean your classroom ? Will your classroom be cleaned by you ? 11. I wont write to my grandpa this evening . My grandpa wont be written to this evening by me . 12 . The nurse will take care of the

10、children . The children will be taken care of by the nurse .,13 . We must take care of the books in the library . The books must be taken care of in the library . 14. You may find this kind of trees everywhere . This kind of trees may be found everywhere . 15 . You cant see the stars in the daytime

11、. The stars cant be seen in the daytime . 16 . Must we hand in our compositions tomorrow ? Must our compositions be handed in tomorrow ?,17 . He has already done the exercises . The exercises have already been done by him . 18 . My classmates have put on the play . The play has been put on by my cla

12、ssmates. 19.Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim.,五.主动语态变成被动语态时要注意以下几点 : 1 . 含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时 , 可以将其中一个宾语变为主语 , 另一个不动 . 一般把间接宾语变为主语 . 如 : Mary gave me a pen . I was given a pen by Mary . 如果把直接宾语变为主语 , 则在间接宾语前加 “ to for” 如 : A pen was given to me by Mary . 2 .含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时 ,

13、 将其中的宾语变为主语 , 宾补不变 . 如 : We asked him to speak at the meeting . He was asked to speak at the meeting .,3 . 如果主动句中的谓语是短语动词 , 变为被动句时 , 短语动词的介词或副词不可以丢掉 . 如 : They took good care of the boys . The boys were taken good care of . 4 . 在 “ let , make , see , hear , notice , watch , feel ” 等动词后面做宾语补足语的动词不定式不

14、带 “ to ” , 但改成被动句时应加上 “ to ” . 如 : The doctor made me stay in bed for three days . I was made to stay in bed for three days by the doctor .,A,21,A traffic accident _(happen) just now.,happened,2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become,Peking Opera _ (sound) beau

15、tiful.,sounds,3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:,The pen _ (write) very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _ (sell) well.,sells,1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, dissapear, ,六.不用被动语态的动词：,1 . He tells us a story every evening . We are told a story by him every evening . A story is told to us by him every

16、evening . 2. He bought me a new bike yesterday. I was bought a new bike yesterday. A new bike was bought for me yesterday. 3 . Will he take his sister to the park ? Will his sister be taken to the park by him ? 4 . He is looking for the lost key . The lost key is being looked for by him . 5. The bos

17、s made him do the heavy work. He was made to do the homework (by the boss). 6. We often hear him play the guitar. He is often heard to play the guitar,变被动语态：,A,23,课堂练习 （一）改写句子 1. We plant trees in spring every year. _ by us in spring every year. 2. She posted the letter yesterday. _ by her yesterday

18、. 3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. _a birthday present by Mr Turner. 5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _ by you tomorrow. 6. She is going to write a letter. _ by her.,Trees are planted,The letter was posted,I was given,Your homework may be handed in,A letter is going to be written,A

19、,24,1. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have to B are not kept；have C do not keep；will have to D do not keep；have to 2. The fifth generation computers, _and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have

20、 been developed 3. - _ the sports meet might be put off - Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told,A,C,A,A,25,4. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 5. Rainforests _ and burned at suc

21、h a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 6. The new bridge _ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed 7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of water, it lo

22、oks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken,D,C,B,C,A,26,8. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up 9. That s

23、uit _ over 60 dollars. A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost 10. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 11.- Do you like the cloth? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C.

24、 feels D. is felt,B,D,A,C,A,27,12. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed 14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily. A. wont wash out B. wont be wash

25、ed out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out 15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out,B,C,A,D,A,28,16. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to 1

26、7. - What do you think of the book? -Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read 18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 19. This page needed _ again. A. being checked B. checked C. to c

27、heck D. to be checked 20. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do it. A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching,D,C,C,D,B,A,29,1. Large numbers of plastic bags _ (use) in the supermarkets every day.,2. _ our country _(send) up another man-made satellite last year?,3. Must the old people _ (speak) to politely?,4. Her grandma was still alive when he _ (take) to the hospital.,5. English _(speak) in many counties.,are used,Did,send,be spoken,was taken,is spoken,A,30,6. Thre