名词种类及单复数变化.ppt

1、A,1,A,2,A,3,个体名词：,boy, girl, teacher, school, book, room, pen, pencil, desk, apple,具体可见的，可以数出数量的个体。,A,4,A,5,A,6,二. 名词种类与名词的数,1）所有的专有名词都是不可数名词。 2）个体名词通常都是可数的。 3）集体名词和成双成对的名词永远用作复数。 people, police, trousers, glasses 4）物质名词和抽象名词为不可数名词。,A,7,特殊情况：,.有些名词,如: family, class, team等既可 用作单数又可用作复数。 当强调整体时，常用作单数；

2、 当强调整体中的各个成员时，常为复数。例： The family is quite big. 这是个大家庭。 The family are enjoying themselves in the park. 家里的每个人都玩得很高兴。,A,8,2）有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数,词，但词义有所不同。,sand 沙 sands 沙滩,wood 木头 woods 森林,fish 鱼肉 fish 鱼,orange 橙汁 an orange 桔子,chicken 鸡肉 a chicken 小鸡,room 空间、余地 a room 房间,A,9,三. 可数名词复数变化规则,A,10,Sum up:以,

3、s、x 、ch 、sh,结尾的名词,在其词尾加es,potato,some potatoes,tomato,five tomatoes,Sum up: 以辅音字母加结尾的名词，在其词尾加es.但photo、piano(钢琴)除外，photos, pianos.,A,11,knife,four knives,leaf,some leaves,Sum up:以,f或fe结尾的名词要将f或fe变为,V再加,es.,A,12,baby,five babies,boy,three boys,以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要变y为i再加es.,A,13,4. 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v，再加-es，如：

4、,knifeknives，leafleaves, halfhalves,5.以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”，再加-es,如：,citycities, factoryfactories,但注意：以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，,如：boyboys, daydays,6. 不规则变化,man-men, woman-women,foot-feet, tooth-teeth,child-children, ox-oxen，mouse-mice,fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer,A,14,7.表示国籍名词单复数变化规律 Chinese,Chinese,J

5、apanese,Japanese,Frenchman,Frenchmen,Englishman,Englishmen,German,Germans,American,Americans,Egyptian,Egyptians,Russian,Russians,Italian,Italians,A,15,四. 不可数名词数量的表示,A,16,练习,1. What do you want? I want_. A. piece of bread B.two piece of bread C.a bread D.some bread 2 ._is standing at the corner of th

6、e street. A. A police B.The police C. Police D.A policeman,A,17,3. Can you see nine _ in the picture?,A.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse,4. The _ has two _.,A.boys, watches B.boy, watch,C.boy, watches D.boys,watch,5. Both Marx and Engles were_.,A.German B.Germans,C.Germany D.from German,A,18,3. Can you see

7、 nine _ in the picture?,A.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse,4. The _ has two _.,A.boys, watches B.boy, watch,C.boy, watches D.boys,watch,5. Both Marx and Engles were_.,A.German B.Germans,C.Germany D.from German,A,19,6. Every morning before he leaves, his mother would put some _ in his bag.,A. orange B. oran

8、ges,7. We all believe that our team _ the strongest of all.,A. is B. are,A,20,A. orange B. oranges,7. We all believe that our team _ the strongest of all.,A. is B. are,6. Every morning before he leaves, his mother would put some _ in his bag.,A,21,名词所有格,A,22,名词所有格的分类,名词所有格可分为三种： 1、有生命名词的所有格 2、无生命名词的

9、所有格 3、双重所有格,A,23,名词所有格 一、有生命的名词所有格 ： s + 名词 “的” a . 当名词不是s 结尾时，用 s Lucys hair / my mothers bag lucy的头发 / 我妈妈的袋子 b. 当名词是s 结尾时，则用 s students reading room 学生们的阅览室 workers club 工人俱乐部 注意：Womens Day 妇女节 Childrens Day 儿童节 Teachers Day 教师节,A,24,c. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，加s 构成所有格 five minutes walk= a five-minute w

10、alk eight miles journey= an 8-mile journey d. 双重所有格 : of+名词所有格 / of + 名词性的物主代词 a friend of mine, an old photo of my fathers. e. 共同所有格与个体所有格： 共有的东西,所有格也共有; 分开的东西,所有格也分开. Shes Tom and Jims mother. (同一个母亲) Theyre Toms and Jims mothers. ( 各自的母亲),A,25,二、表示无生命的名词所有格 用 “of “ 教室的门 the door of the classroom 山顶 the top of the hill 树叶 the leaves of the tree 社会的发展 The development of the society 书的封面 The cover of a book,A,26,双重所有格,双重所有格