综合英语4-Unit5ppt课件

1、.,The Tapestry of Friendship,Unit 5,.,Warming-up,Do you keep in touch with your childhood friends? How? What do you need friends for?,.,Whats friendship?,Always treating people the way you would want them to treat you.,Always smile and say hello when greeting other people.,Doing something good for s

2、omeone when no one is looking.,Always lift up your friends spirits with positive words and actions.,Always being courteous, pleasant, and never misbehave.,Always respect others differences: gender, abilities, culture, race, and ethnicity,Always speak and act genuinely.,You should assist others when

3、they are in need.,Do not be a follower. Do not sacrifice character.,Always show consideration for others.,Then, you will have F.R.I.E.N.D.S.H.I.P.,F: Friendly R: Respect I: Integrity E: Encouraging N: Nice D: Diversity S: Sincerity H: Helpful I: Individual P: Politeness,.,What can friendships give?,

4、For fun To share feelings To find understanding and support To feel needed and useful To be yourself,.,What Makes A Good Friendship?,Shared Interests Shared Values Trust Honesty Respect Cooperation,Reliability Support Understanding Sensitivity Forgiveness Tolerance,.,Life is like an echo. What you g

5、ive is what you will get. What you send is what you will receive.,.,The kinds of friendships,Same Gender Male-female,.,Friendship between Women,A woman didnt come home one night. The next day she told her husband that she had slept over at a girlfriends house. Then man called his wifes 10 best frien

6、ds. None of them knew anything about it.,.,Friendship between Men,A man didnt come home one night. The next day he told his wife that he slept over at a buddys house. The woman called her husbands 10 best friends. Eight of them confirmed that he had slept over, and two claimed he was still there!,.,

7、About the author,Ellen Goodman She is an American original. Her abundant talents-intellect, wit, style, news judgment-set her apart with an lan uniquely her own. Her Pulitzer Prize winning commentary appears in more than 375 newspapers.,.,Ellen Goodman, is a Boston Globe Online columnist and a styli

8、sh writer with a humanizing touch on any issue, public or personal. She is widely acclaimed as a voice of sanity, and readers depend on her to help them make sense of their changing lives and relationships.,About the author,.,About the text,This text is taken from Close to Home, which was published

9、by The Boston Globe Company / Washington Post Writers Group in 1979.,.,Tapestry,A heavy cloth woven with rich, often varicolored designs or scenes, usually hung on walls for decoration and sometimes used to cover furniture.,.,Tapestry,tapestry carpet用染色经线织成图案的地毯 tapestry satin 织锦缎 Something felt to

10、resemble a richly and complexly designed cloth: the tapestry of world history. e.g. Such strange events are all part of lifes rich tapestry. 这些怪事都是丰富多彩的人生的一部分。,.,The purpose of the text,P69 Ex. I This text distinguishes two kinds of friendship: that between men and that between women.,.,Structural a

11、nalysis,It can be divided into four parts.,.,Part I paragraph 1-2,What kind of film did the woman just see? What did she think of it?,.,Girlfriends,It is a believable relationship story of a young Jewish woman who is trying to make it on her own, coping with work, romance and friendship at the same

12、time and has to accept the marriage of her best friend and roommate. It seemed almost revolutionary in 1978 when it was first released. It is a small movie that made a big splash with its focus on womens interior lives.,.,slight,a. of small importance or onsideration; trifling: slight matters.微不足道小事

13、 not in the slightest: not at all,.,slight,1) 她动不动就生气。 She takes offence at the slightest thing. 2) 你一点也没使我为难。 You didnt embarrass me in the slightest.,.,budget,n. the amount of money needed or available for a particular purpose. a family budget 家庭收支预算 budget plan 分期付款 vt. plan the spending of budge

14、t ones time bi. save money (for a particular purpose) budget for the coming year adj. cheap a budget dress,.,budget,我们精打细算就能买辆新汽车了 If we budget carefully, well be able to afford a new car.,.,chase,n. U the act of pursuing someone or something. After a long chase, we caught the thief.,.,cosmic,1) rel

15、ating to the universe Physics is governed by cosmic laws. cosmic being 2) very great cosmic influence cosmic scandal,.,affecting,adj. inspiring strong emotion: moving. Departure is an affecting scene. 1) 他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。 She was deeply affected by the news of his death. 2) 这是一部关于一个病入膏肓的女人的感人戏剧。 It was

16、an affecting drama about a woman with a terminal illness.,.,affect vt.,to make someone feel strong emotions passive,We were all deeply affected by the news of her death.,to influence; to do something in order to produce an effect on someone or something,effect n.,The change in climate may affect you

17、r health, ie be bad for you.,.,pan,vt/i. swing (a video or film camera) to follow an object to have an all-round view of it 摇动（镜头）拍全景. The camera panned slowly across to the door.,.,Compare,pan how it was recovered; and how it connected the lives of the two young women.,.,Part II paragraph 3-6,1. Wh

18、y does the author list the movies the woman had seen that year? To describe the womans observation of the shift of focus of the cinema 2. What does the author discuss the shift of focus for? So as to advance the argument for the distinction between the two types of friendship: that between men and t

19、hat between women.,.,drastic,adj. a drastic remedy 烈性的药物 take drastic measures 采取果断措施激烈手段 a drastic debate 激烈的辩论 make drastic change 做彻底的改变,.,buddy,n. C a close friend Synonym: chum, pal,.,flick,n. 1) a cinema film 2) quick light blow, with a whip or the tip of a finger By a flick of his whip, he dr

20、ove the fly from the horses head. 3) quick sharp movement He hit the ball with just a flick of the wrist. v.,.,Hair flicking,.,Trendy,trendy clothes. The trendy rock group is only a flash in the pan. 这个新潮摇滚乐队只是昙花一现。 middle-aged trendies 赶时髦的中年人,.,casual trendy formal,.,binge,n. If you go on a binge,

21、 you do too much of something, such as drinking alcohol, eating, or spending money.狂饮作乐 1）a short period when you do too much of something, especially drinking alcohol a week-end binge 周末狂饮,.,binge,2）excessive indulgence in anything a shopping binge 抢购 a gambling binge 赌徒 an eating binge 暴食 They wen

22、t on a binge last night. 他们昨夜出去狂饮作乐。,.,Paraphrase:,This wasnt just another binge of trendiness, but a kind of cinema vrit. (para. 4, line 1),The shift of focus from Male Buddy movies to the Female Friendship flicks was not just a crazy trend catering to the new fashion; instead it reflected the real

23、ity of social changes and developments.,This wasnt simply a shift from one fashion to another, but a truthful description of friendship.,这不是潮流的变迁，而是对友谊的真实刻画。,.,Across millions of miles of celluloid, the ideal of friendship had always been male (Para. 5, lines 1-2),In numerous movies, the ideal frien

24、dship had always been between men.,Paraphrase:,Metonymy: 借代，换喻，转喻,A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated,.,Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid神枪手与智多星,轻喜剧风格的西部片。 两位主人公都是反英雄类的典型，是令人愉快的个人主义者。特别是保罗纽曼，自命不凡，永远乐观，从没杀过人，整天幻想着全世界的银行都已时机成熟待

25、他轻取，实实的一个空想家。他与搭档神枪手罗伯特雷福德爱着同一个女人，他们最擅长的就是在打抢或逃亡时还一路诙谐打趣，这与传统西部片里的歹徒绝对两样。 影片温情而饶有趣味，因纽曼和雷福德的表演而大放光芒。两位男星英俊迷人无疑是主要吸引力，但他们确实也得益于编剧威廉高曼的机智诙谐和导演的超一流水准。该片最终获得奥斯卡最佳剧本、最佳摄影、最佳音响、最佳音乐项大奖。人们把它推为首席非主流西部片,.,Cull,v. choose from various sources information culled from various reference books extracts culled from

26、 the best authors ？ 佳作选段,.,anthropology,n. The scientific study of the origin, the behavior, and the physical, social, and cultural development of human beings.,.,bond,v. to form a close personal relationship. Most of the time, smile is a message we send to other people - communicating joyful dispos

27、ition, a willingness to bond and so on.,.,There had been something almost atavistic about these visions of attachments as if producers culled their plots from some pop anthropology book on male bonding. (Para. 5, lines 3-5),These stories on mens friendship were almost like being inherited from our g

28、randfathers. It seemed that the producers of these movies had selected their stories from some popular anthropology books on friendship between men.,Paraphrase:,.,primal,1) first or original; primeval the loss of their primal innocence 2) fundamental; essential Money was a primal necessity to them.

29、对于他们,钱是主要的需要。 Synonym: primary, chief, main,.,Movies portrayed the idea that only men, those direct descendants of hunters and Hemingways, inherited a primal capacity for friendship. (Para. 5, lines 5-6),Movies gave us an impression that only men, the posterity of hunters and Hemingway, had the inst

30、inctive ability of making friends. 只有男人那些猎手和海明威式人物的后代才继承了结交朋友的天性。,Paraphrase:,.,Ernest Hemingway,one of the most famous American writers of the 20th century. (novels and short stories) But man is not made for defeat, a man can be destroyed but not defeated.,.,pick on sb.,choose sb (esp repeatedly) f

31、or punishment, criticism or blame She told Mom the boys were always picking on her. Synonym: tease, bully,.,That duality must have been mortally wounded in some shoot-out at the Youre OK, Im OK Corral. (Para. 6, lines 1-2),The two sides must have been mortally wounded in the gunfire in the movie.,Pa

32、raphrase:,.,Part III paragraph 7-18,1. Whats the fundamental difference between buddies and friends? The former is -oriented while the latter is -oriented.,action,emotion,.,Part III paragraph 7-18,2. What are the conditions of men becoming buddies and of women becoming friends? The Male Buddiness is

33、 based on the need for co-operation in the activities that men are engaged in or in the adversity they are confronted with. In contrast, the Female Friendship borders on love, the need for mutual emotional support.,.,border on,1. be next to sth The two villages border on each other. 2. be almost the

34、 same as sth: The boys reply to his teacher was bordering on rudeness. 那男学生回答教师的问话时态度近乎粗鲁. 我兴奋的近乎于疯狂了。 I was in a state of excitement bordering on insanity.,.,attachment,affection, devotion attach v. I dont attach any importance/significance to these rumors. No blame attaches to you in this affair.

35、这件事不怪你. feel a strong attachment to ones family 十分恋家,.,adversity,difficulties, misfortune, hardship, disaster Mr. Huang has been a good friend to me in adversity or in prosperity. Adj. adverse: unfavourable, contrary The development was adverse to our interests. 这种发展与我们的利益背道而驰。 通往幸福的道路总是布满艰难困苦。 The

36、road to happiness is paved with adversities.,.,accessory,1. a thing which can be added to something else in order to make it more useful or attractive. The accessories of her dress are more expensive. 2. person who helps another in a crime She was charged with being an accessory to the embezzlement

37、of funds.,.,through the wars together corporate or athletic or military ? (para. 10, line 2),through the commercial, athletic or military strives together 一个男人曾经告诉过她，男人们只有一起在商场、竞技场或战场上竞争过才会成为真正亲密的朋友。,Paraphrase:,They had to soldier together . (para. 10, lines 2-3),They had to struggle together . 他们得

38、一起坚持下去。,.,count. as,regard A as B Two children under the age of ten count as one person. Youve no girl of your own, you must count me as your daughter. count him as being very reliable.,.,loathsome,adj. causing hated or disgust e.g. Hes a loathsome man. loath to do sth: unwilling, reluctant e.g. I a

39、m loath to go on such short notice. nothing loath: quite willing; eager e.g. He consented at once, nothing loath.,.,confidence,(often pl.) a secret or private matter told to someone under a condition or trust. e.g. A friend does not betray confidences.朋友是不会泄露秘密的 idiom: in (strict) confidence as a se

40、cret Im telling you this in (strict) confidence so dont breathe a word of it. Compare:confidential friends hang onto each other. (para. 11),Buddies hold on together in face of adversity; friends cling tightly to each other for emotional support. 伙伴们一起坚持；朋友们相互依靠。,Paraphrase:,.,wretched,adj. in a depl

41、orable state of distress or misfortune; Synonym: miserable Their wretched life constitutes a sharp contrast to the luxury of the rich. What a wretched existence the people in the slum lead!,.,restraint,His rage was beyond restraint. 他怒不可遏。 I am under no restraint whatever. 我不受任何束缚。 restraint of trad

42、e 贸易限制 restraint on export and import 限制进出口 restrain v.,.,Babbitt,A now-rare nickname derived from the Sinclair Lewis book of the same name; it can be loosely defined as an uncultured, “square”, typically middle-aged and middle-class businessman characterized by timidity and ignorance of their phili

43、stinism(平庸).,.,She had reread Babbitt recently, that extraordinary catalogue of male grievances. (para. 16, lines1-2),Recently she read the novel Babbitt again. To the main character Babbitt readers may have a lot of resentment.,catalogue of: a series of,catalogue of failures, disasters, errors,Para

44、phrase:,.,The only relationship that gave meaning to the claustrophobic life of George Babbitt had been with Paul Riesling. (Para. 16, lines 2-3),Paraphrase:,George Babbitt led a claustrophobic life. The only thing that made his life meaningful was his relationship with Paul Riesling. 唯有与保罗瑞斯林的关系才使乔

45、治拉伯特幽闭的生活有了意义。,.,Para 17,Why was the woman shocked by mens description of friendship? Because mens standard of intimate friendship is so drastically different from womens that under such circumstances as described in Paragraph 17 women would not count each other as close friends at all.,.,What disti

46、nctions?,Buddy (male),Friend (female),in the reflection of acts more signs and expressions of love,bonded loved,face adversity together face each other,do things together be together,linked to activities a special category for friends,become friends through “wars” after sharing some secrets,buddies

47、hang tough together friends hang onto each other,Keep the worst from each other friends confess,buddies seek approval friends seek acceptance,In restraint, die for each, never hug, not meet or call often,.,Part IV paragraph 19,In what ways do buddies and friends differ? Buddies are those you can do

48、things together with in your lifetime, but friends are those with whom you can share roses and thorns in your life.,.,Proverbs,I cannot be your friend and your flatterer too. 朋友不能阿谀奉承。 Keep good men company and you shall be of the number. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 Life without a friend is death. 没有朋友，虽生犹死。 He is a

49、 good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs. 背后说好话，才是真朋友。,.,Proverbs,Everything is good when new, but friends when old. 东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。 Friends agree best at distance. 朋友之间也会保持距离。 Friends are thieves of time. 朋友是时间的窃贼。 The best of friends must part. 天下无不散之筵席。,.,Proverbs,Birds of a feather fl

50、ock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。 Books and friends should be few but good. 读书如交友，应求少而精。 Choose an author as you choose a friend. 择书如择友。 Even reckoning makes long friends. 亲兄弟，明算账。 （彼此无账友情久长。）,.,A hedge between keeps friendship green. 君子之交淡如水。 A joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend. 戏谑不能化敌为友，只能使人失去朋友

51、 A man is known by his friends. 什么人交什么朋友。,Proverbs,.,A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。 A friend is never known till a man has need. 需要之时方知友。 A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美的朋友。,Proverbs,.,Metonymy,Definition: one thing for

52、another; association Function: brief, vivid, interesting Example: What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave A thousand mustaches can live together but not four breasts.,.,Metonymy,The pen is mightier than the sword. He keeps a good table. She has the eye for the fair and the beautiful. T

53、he wolf and the pig mingled together in his face. China won 4 golds and 5 silvers. We drove a Ford to Hyde Park.,.,Metonymy,This is the struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. It is a pity that there is more ignorance than knowledge in the country. She has retired from the stage to teach.,.,f

54、airly v.s. rather,相当、适中 1. favorable v.s. unfavorable fairly修饰褒义(bravely，good，nice，well) rather修饰贬义(bad，stupidly，ugly) Tom is fairly clever，but Peter is rather stupid汤姆相当聪明，而彼得就颇笨。 He was fairly relaxed；she was rather tense他很放松，而她就相当紧张。 a fairly interesting film一部相当有意思的电影 a rather boring book一本相当乏味的

55、书,.,fairly v.s. rather,2. approval v.s. disapproval 本身没有褒贬意义的形容词和副词如fast，slow，thin，thick，hot，cold等，之前加上fairly时表示赞许, 而加上rather时表示不赞许。 This soup is fairly hot.（这汤还挺热）这意味说话人喜欢喝热汤。 This soup is rather hot.（这汤太热了）就意味着说话人嫌汤太热了点。 The party came to an end rather abruptly (Im sorry to say) The meeting came to an end fairly early. (Im glad to say) She is fairly tall for her