组织行为学(英文版)第2章

1、weiping,Chapter 2 Personality and value,Instructor: Wei Ping (Elizabeth wei ) Department: Business Administration Required Textbook: Essentials of Organizational Behavior” 10th edition. by Stephen P. Robbins,weiping,Chapter 2 Personality and value,Part 1 Personality Part 2 Value,weiping,Part 1 Perso

2、nality,What is Personality? As the sum of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. Personality Determinants Heredity Environment,weiping,Personality Traits,The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) One of the most widely used frameworks for classifying personalities Classificati

3、ons on four scales are combined for 16 personality types (INTJ, ESTJ, etc.) 1. Extroverted or Introverted (E or I) 2. Sensing or Intuitive (S or N) 3. Thinking or Feeling (T or F) 4. Perceiving or Judging (P or J),weiping,The Big-Five Model,Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Emotional stab

4、ility Openness to experience,weiping,Extroversion Comfort level with relationships,weiping,Agreeableness Propensity to defer to others,weiping,Conscientiousness Measure of reliability,weiping,Emotional stability Ability to withstand stress,weiping,Openness to experience Range of interests and fascin

5、ation with novelty,weiping,Major Personality Attributes Influencing OB,Core Self-Evaluation Self-esteem Individuals degree of liking or disliking themselves and the degree to which they think they are worthy or unworthy as a person. Locus of control - Belief that life is controlled by oneself vs. ou

6、tsiders Machiavellianism Degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintain emotional distance, and believe that ends can justify means. Self-monitoring A personality trait that measures an individual s ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors. Type A personality - In

7、cessantly struggling to achieve more Risk propensity - Willingness to take chances.,weiping,Matching personalities and jobs-six-personality-types model,weiping,Part 2 Values,Definition Basic convictions: “Specific modes of conduct or end-state of existence are personally or socially preferable to an

8、 opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence.”,weiping,Value Systems,Representing a prioritizing of individual values Identified by the relative importance individual assigns to values such as: Freedom -Honesty Pleasure -Obedience Self-respect -Equality,weiping,Rokeach Value Surve

9、y,Terminal Values Desirable end-states of existence Desired goals to be achieved during lifetime Instrumental Values Means of achieving the terminal values,weiping,Examples: Terminal and Instrumental Values in Rokeach Value Survey,Terminal Values A comfortable life (a prosperous life) A sense of acc

10、omplishment (lasting contribution) A world of peace (free of war and conflict) A world of beauty (beauty of nature and the arts) Equality (brotherhood and equal opportunity for all) Family security (taking care of loved ones) Freedom (independence, free choice) Happiness (contentedness) Inner harmon

11、y (freedom from inner conflict) Pleasure (an enjoyable, leisurely life) Salvation (saved, eternal life) Social recognition (respect, admiration) True friendship (close companionship),Instrumental Values Ambitious (hardworking, aspiring) Capable (competent, effective) Cheerful (lighthearted, joyful)

12、Clean (neat, tidy) Courageous (standing up for your beliefs) Helpful (working for the welfare of others) Honest (sincere, truthful) Imaginative (daring, creative) Logical (consistent, rational) Loving (affectionate, tender) Obedient (dutiful, respectful) Polite (courteous, well mannered) Responsible

13、 (dependable, reliable),weiping,Dominant Values in Todays Workforce,weiping,Values Across Cultures,Hofstedes Framework for Assessing Cultures Power distance Individualism vs. collectivism Masculinity vs. femininity Uncertainty avoidance Long-term vs. short-term orientation,weiping,Globe Framework for Assessing Cultures,Assertiveness Futur