高考英语语法总复习形容词和副词

1、形容词和副词,考点分析1、形容词和副词的基本用法；2、形容词和副词的位置；3、形容词和副词的级别；4、常见形容词和副词的用法比较。,形容词的基本用法,1、形容词的词义问题1：-Imvery_withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.-Mm,itdoeshavea_smell.(2002北京)A.pleasant,pleasedB.pleased,pleasedC.pleasant,pleasantD.pleased,pleasant,D,高考中关于形容词的词义的题考得不少，复习时需密切关注。该句中pleased表示“感到满意（高兴）的”；pl

2、easant表示“令人满意（高兴）的”。根据句意不难发现答案为D。,问题2：Theircheerfulvoiceshowedthattheywerehavinga_discussion.(1997上海)A.noisyB.seriousC.completeD.friendly问题3：Ifitisquite_toyou,IwillvisityounextTuesday.（05天津卷）A.convenientB.fairC.easyD.comfortable,D,该句中cheerful是重要的提示词，意为“欢快的”。noisy;serious以及complete显然都与题义无关。是形容词，意为“友好

3、的”，只有它符合题义。,Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.该句型意为：“某人方便（适合）做某事”；一般不说“sb.isconvenienttodosth.”其它三个词显然不符合句义。,A,2、后置定语问题问题4：Allthepeople_atthepartywerehissupporters.(02北京)A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important,解析：形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是下列情况要后置：proper(本身),present(在场的，出席的),involved(有关的),concerned(相关的),le

4、ft(剩下的),objecting(反对的),mentioned(提及的),selected(当选的)等。如thestudentspresent(出席的学生)thecostinvolved(所需费用),A,f.,下列情况也要后置：a.some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词的修饰语要后置如：somethingnew;nothingserious;anythinginterestingb.else修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如：Nobodyelseissosillyasyouare.c.不定式短语，动名词短语，分词短语，介词短语做定语要后置。如：Doyoustillrememb

5、ertheafternooninthefirstyearatcollegewhentheprofessorgaveusachemistrylesson?d.以a-开头的形容词做定语要后置如：alike,alive,alone,asleep,afraid,awake如：Heistheonlymanawakeatthattime.,巩固练习：IcantgetagoodpictureonmyTVset.Theremustbesomething_withit.A.badB.matterC.thematterD.thewrong2._totakethisadventurecoursewillcertai

6、nlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.BraveenoughstudentsB.EnoughbravestudentsC.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave3.Thereis_toholdthewater.A.nothingbigenoughB.nothingenoughbigC.bigenoughnothingD.enoughbignothing,C,C,A,3、以-ly结尾的形容词问题5：Whathesaidsounds_.(1993上海)nicelyB.pleasantlyC.friendlyD.wonderfully,解

7、析：1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，manly,timely,worldly(老于世故的)仍为形容词。改错：(错）Shesanglovely.（对）Hersingingwaslovely.（错）Hespoketomeveryfriendly.（对）Hespoketomeinaveryfriendlyway.2）有些以-ly结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，earlyTheTimesisadailypaper.Itispubl

8、isheddaily.,C,多个形容词修饰名词的顺序,问题1JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasacar.（04辽宁）AlargeGermanwhiteBlargewhiteGermanCwhitelargeGermanDGermanlargewhite,多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色)-出处-材料性质，类别-名词根据这个公式，就不难排列出：大小+颜色+出处，故选择B。,B,问题2:This_girlisLindscousin.(05北京卷)A.prettylittleSpanishB.Spanishli

9、ttleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish问题3：Onedaytheycrossedthe_bridgebehindthepalace.A.oldChinesestoneB.ChineseoldstoneC.oldstoneChineseD.Chinesestoneold,由“限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色)-性质-名词”的公式可知，描绘词+大小+出处的顺序，最符合答案。,根据排列顺序：大小、形状+年龄+颜色+来源+质地+用途+名词可选择A,A,A,常见形容词的比较,1).worth-worthy-worthw

10、hile2)alike-like-likely3)dead-deadly-deathly4)historic-historical5)live-lively-alive-living6)possible-probable-likely7)valueless-priceless8)respectable(可敬的、高尚的)-respectful(表示敬意的)Arespectablemanisrespectfultoothers.9)healthy(健康的)-healthful(有益于健康的)Theairatseasideishealthfultous.Soallofusarehealthy.,巩固

11、练习：TheWorldCupinFrancewasthebiggest_footballmatchintheworld.A.aliveB.liveC.livelyD.living2.Anyonewhohasspenttimewithchildrenknowsthedifferenceinthewayboysandgirlsrespond(反应)tothe_situation.A.likelyB.sameC.alikeD.similar3.Its_torainbutnot_beforeevening.A.possibleprobableB.probablepossibleC.possiblypr

12、obablyD.probablypossibly,B,D,A,副词的基本用法,问题1：_,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.（04上海春季）A.StrangelyenoughB.EnoughstrangelyC.StrangeenoughD.Enoughstrange问题2：Canyoubelievethatin_arichcountrythereshouldbe_manypoorpeople?(1995N)A.such,suchB.such,soC.so,soD.so,such,A,B,副词en

13、ough要放在形容词和副词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。,A:基本句型：such+(a)+adj.+n.;so+adj.+a+n.B:such后可加各种名词，而so后面只能加单数名词；C:so可加many,much,few,little等，而such不能。,问题3：Wedontcareifahuntingdogsmells_,butwereallydontwanthimtosmell_.(1995上海)A.well,wellB.bad,badC.well,badlyD.badly,bad问题4：Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarry

14、allthewayhome.（03全国卷）AmuchtooheavyBtoomuchheavyCheavytoomuchDtooheavymuch,C,A,smell有双重词性，作“闻起来”解是系动词，后接形容词作表语；作“嗅”解是形为动词，后接副词。该题的干扰项是B，“smellsbad”表示闻起来很臭，不可能同时放入两个空格。,muchtoo是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词；toomuch是名词或形容词，可单独使用或修饰名词。,问题5：Johnisverylazy.Hefalls_behindinhisstudies.(05(广东卷)A.veryB.farC.moreD.still问题6：Mu

15、stIturnoffthegasaftercooking?Ofcourse.Youcanneverbecarefulwiththat.(05江西卷)AenoughBtooCsoDvery,B,B,副词的修饰关系是现今高考的热点之一，复习中应予以足够的重视。“farbehind”表示“远远地掉在后面”。,“canneverbetoo”是一种固定的表达方式，意为“越就越好”,常用副词的比较,问题1：Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood_tohermother.(2002北京)A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closi

16、ng问题2：Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining_.(1996N)A.badlyB.hardlyC.stronglyD.heavily,A,D,closeto离近，此处close是副词；closely表示“密切地”，与题意无关。,表示“雨下得大”可用rainhard;rainheavily等，不用badly或strongly。表示“刮大风”可用strongwind。hardly是否定词，与句意无关。,注意下面兼有两种形式的副词close与closelyclose意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”Heissittingcl

17、osetome.Watchhimclosely.late与latelylate意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?3)deep与deeplydeep意思是“深”，表示时间和空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Heoftenworksdeepintothenight.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.,high与highlyhigh表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于muchThepla

18、newasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.5)wide与widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6)free与freelyfree的意思是免费；freely的意思是无限制地Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.,另外注意下列各组副词的用法区别1)just-justnow2)rather-fairly3)y

19、et-still-already4)hard-hardly-rarely-scarcely5)sucha+adj.+n.-so+adj.+a+n.6)most-mostly-almost7)especially-specially8)everyday-everyday9)sometime-sometimes-sometime,巩固练习：Itsalwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,_ifyoudontspeakthelanguage.A.ExtremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially2.Wouldyoube_domea

20、favor?A.kindenoughB.sokindastoC.sokindtoD.kindasto3.Theguidetoldusthathewouldorganizesomebusinessmenfromabroadtohaveatour_thenextmonth.A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes4.Itis_thathisEnglishis_perfect.A.sureveryB.rightratherC.exactfairlyD.certainquite,D,B,B,D,形容词和副词的级别,1、asas结构问题1：Johnisthet

21、allestboyintheclass,_accordingtohimself.（05安徽卷）(B)A.fivefooteightastallasB.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteightas问题2：Whatatable!Iveneverseensuchathingbefore.Itis_itislong.（05湖北卷）AhalfnotaswideasBwidenotashalfasCnothalfaswideasDaswideasnothalf,B,C,astallas“高达”,fivefooteig

22、ht=fivefeeteightinches,aswideas是比较，所以倍数词应放在前面。,说明：1）在否定句或疑问句中可用soas。Hecannotrunso/asfastasyou.2）当asas中间有名词时采用以下格式。as+形容词+a+单数名词as+many/much+名词Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan.3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone.Yourroomisthesamesizeasmine.,4)倍数+t

23、he+n+of倍数+as+adj.+asThisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.Thisbridgeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.Yourroomistwiceaslargeasmine.Yourroomistwicethesizeofmine.5)数量词+senior/junior+toHeissevenyearsseniortohiswife.Iamthreeyearsjuniortomyeldersister.,、morethan结构问题1：Isyourheadachegetting_?No,itsworse.（05全国

24、卷3）AbetterBbadClessDwell问题2：Mr.Smithowns_collectionofcoinsthananyoneelseIhaveevermet.（05山东卷）A.largerB.alargerC.thelargerD.alarge问题3：Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas_thanexpected.Thereweremanyticketsleft.（04福建）AmuchsmallerBmuchmoreCmuchlargerDmanymore,A,B,A,问题4：Thedictionarygavemeabetteroffert

25、han_.(1999上海)A.thatofDicksB.DicksC.hegaveDickD.thoseofDick问题5：Yourestandingtoonearthecamera.Canyoumove_?(2000上海)A.abitfarB.alittlefartherC.abitoffartherD.alittlefar问题6：Inthatcase,thereisnothingyoucando_thanwait.(2001北京春季)A.moreB.otherC.betterD.any,C,B,B,1）要避免重复使用比较级。(错)Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother

26、.(对)Heisclevererthanhisbrother.2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错)ChinaislargerthatanycountryinAsia.(对)ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.Itiseasiertomakeaplanthantocarryitout.4）程度词abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,a

27、ny,still,even等词可修饰比较级。除外，还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。以上词(除byfar)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。而byfar一般置于比较级之后和最高级之前。,、ofthetwo结构问题1：Ofthetwoshirts,Idliketochoose_one.(94上海)A.thelessexpensiveB.themostexpensiveC.lessexpensiveD.mostexpensive问题2：Ifthemanagerhadtochoosebetweenthetwo,hewouldsayJohnwas_choice.(95上海)A.goodB.t

28、hebestC.betterD.thebetter,说明：在ofthetwo结构中，比较级前要加the，但如果不在ofthetwo结构中，要注意冠词的使用。后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有冠词。比较：Whichislarger,CanadaorAustralia?Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?Sheistallerthanhertwosisters.Sheisthetallerofthetwosisters.,A,D,4、the+最高级+比较范围问题1：Davidhaswonthefirstprizeinsinging;heisstillveryexcitednowandfeels_desiretogotobed.(05江苏卷)A.themostB.moreC.worseD.theleast问题2：Greenland,_islandintheworld,coversovertwomillionsquarekilometers.(2000上海)A.itisthelargestB.thatisthelargestC.isthelargestD.thelargest,D,D,1)