M7U4Reading +language points

1、various means of transport,unit 4 public transport reading the first underground in the world,a tourist brochure,3,old london underground,modern london underground,london underground,what kind of style does the passage belong to? a . narrative ( 叙事的） b . argumentative (议论的） c . explanatory (解释的） d .

2、 expository (说明的）,guess,reading strategy,what would be included in a tourist brochure?,_of its _, including its _ or _ 2. some important_ concerned 3. interesting _ 4. _to visit the place for yourself,development,dates,years,people,facts,encouragement,history,reading a tourist brochure,2. what did c

3、harles holden do?,he designed the most famous of the new stations constructed between 1918 and 1938.,when was the first underground system opened?,in 1863.,skimming,3. why was the victoria line important?,it was important because it linked with other lines at almost every station, helping make the s

4、ystem more user-friendly.,para1: _for developing underground system para2: _of the circle line para3: the first railway tunnel under the river thames and six _lines para4: important _,para5: _ _during world war ii para6: _ after world war ii para7: p_ of the first underground system and e_to visit t

5、he place,task i get the main idea of each paragraph.,reasons,people,independent,unusual uses,expansion,opularity,ncouragement,development,skimming,1,2-4,5,6-7,reasons,developments,uses,expansion,popularity,task ii divide the article into parts and give the main idea of each part.,reasons why the fir

6、st underground in the world was developed,trains,only went to outer city limits( building railway tracks would have damaged ), were used to convey people,unfortunately, caused unbelievable traffic jams,part 1,detailed reading,development of the lu system,the british government gave approval to the c

7、onstruction ,the initial tunnels were opened and were just beneath the surface of ground,the next section of the underground system was opened,linked up , provided ,part 2,development of the lu system,a public organization was created,many new stations were constructed,who made great contributions t

8、o improving the system?,charles yerkes,what did he do?,undertook improving the system by obtaining ownership of many different lines and setting up the underground electric railways of london.,why did he do so?,travelling on these lines was not convenient, though, as each line was possessed by a dif

9、ferent company, many were far from each other.,unusual uses during war time,the underground functioned as _, _, _, _ .,a bomb shelter,an underground airplane factory,a centre for directing the defence against air attacks,meeting rooms for the government,part 3,after the second world war , more peopl

10、e traveled on the underground, so the system was _ and more lines were_. this _the victoria line which linked with other lines at almost every station. this helped make the system more _.,added,user-friendly,enlarged,part 4,included,fill in the blanks,the last line _was the jubilee line in 1979, _ t

11、he twenty-fifth anniversary elizabeth ii becoming the queen.,in honour of,added,now, the london underground system is very _.,the london underground system is working to transport millions of people,three million people travel on underground every day,includes twelve lines and goes twenty-six miles

12、out of central london,popular,consolidation,try to retell the development of the first underground in london. work in groups of four; each student retells each part.,performance,what other ways to relieve the pressure of traffic jam? build more roads in order to speed up the flow of the traffic. dev

13、elop public transport such as underground train, bus, maglev. limit the number of the private cars. encourage people to live low-carbon lives.,discussion,complete the e-mail in part e. answers: _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _,undertook,postponed,section,tunnels,enlarged,convey,user-friendly,homework

14、,1.finish the language points papers. 2.finish the exercises on page 53.,reading,unit 4,language points,the london underground has the _of the oldest and most _ underground system in the world. the traffic problem _ _ the development of the underground system. during the development, two great peopl

15、e had great influences on it. charles yerkes, _ _ the inconvenience for the lines, bought many of the different lines. an _ called charles holden _ _ _ designing many of these stations. during world war ii, many stations _ _ bomb shelters. since 1945, more lines had been added. now the london underg

16、round system is working to _ millions of people effectively.,distinction,complex,led to,having,seen,architect,was responsible for,functioned,as,transport,i. summary,ii. retelling the text the brief introduction to the underground the reasons for the building of the underground the development of the

17、 underground system the unusual uses of the underground the popularity of the underground,1.交通工具 2.接乘客上下车 3.远距离 4.享有的盛名 5.运送去 6.批准，同意 7.筹集大量的资金 8.联合，连接 9.每隔一段 10.加快的步伐,means of transport pick up and drop off passengers over long distances have the distinction of convey to give approval to raise a la

18、rge amount of money link up at regular intervals accelerate the pace of,iii. phrases,11.获得的所有权 12.建立 13.在的管辖下 14.充当防空洞 15.指挥反空袭 16.与连接 17.使.便于使用 18.为了纪念 19.观光 20.准许某人做,obtain ownership of set up under the authority of function as bomb shelters direct the defence against air attacks be linked with ma

19、ke user-friendly in honor of take a trip permit sb to do,drop off,(数量)减低; 使.下车,1. buses have routes. they pick up and drop off people at different places on the route.,顺便(看望人/拜访某地),辍学,脱离,养成习惯,垂下(眼睛, 头等),沧海一粟,1)whenver i went on business to the city where i finished my high school i would drop in on

20、my former teacher. 2) she started an engineering degree but dropped out after only a year. 3) traffic in the town has dropped off since the bypass opened. 4) the coach stopped and dropped off some passengers. 5) the girl was seated at the window, her eyes dropped to her lap. 6) we ourselves feel tha

21、t what we are doing is just a drop in the ocean. 7) you must not drop into the habit of being supervised constantly.,2. it has the distinction of being the oldest and most complex underground system in the world.distinction n. _;_.have the distinction of. draw/make a distinction betweenand distinct

22、adj. _ (from) ; _.,reputation,difference,different,clear/evident,1）因为他色盲，他无法区分红色和绿色。_color-blind, he can not _ _ _ _red and green.2）她不同凡响，是第一个飞过大洋的女子。,being,had the distinction of being,she _ _ _ _ _the first woman _ _ across the ocean.,to fly,make a distinction between,3) 房间里有明显的烟味。there is _ _ _of

23、 smoke in this room. 4）这对孪生兄弟有着不同的个性。 the twins had _ _.,a distinct smell,distinct personalities.,拓展：distinguish v.区别，辨别；显示两者之间的差别 distinguish a from b= distinguish between a and b 他能分辨是非吗？,could he distinguish right from wrong?,3. most trains into london only went to the outer city limits, because

24、building railway tracks into the city_ _ _ many old buildings. if the railway tracks _ _ built into the city, they _ _ _ damage to many historic building. so trains only went to the places that are _ away from the city.,would have damaged,had been,would have caused,far,4.horsedrawn buses，trams，cabs

25、and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city centre.,convey vt.运载；运送；表达，传达；转让(财产),1)话语表达不出我是多么的高兴！ 2)请向你母亲传达我的祝愿，好吗？,words cant convey how delighted i am!,would you please convey my good wishes to your mother?,3)pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators. 4)your lugga

26、ge will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi.,管道把热水从锅炉输送到暖气片。,出租车会将你的行李送到酒店。,5.however, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.,postpone vt. 推迟，延迟；使延迟，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。,1)他们推迟作出决定，那我们就只能等了。 2)比赛因天气不好而延期到下星期六进行。,they pos

27、tponed making a decision and we just had to wait.,the match was postponed to the following saturday because of bad weather.,6. the underground electric railways company of london, the metropolitan line and all the different bus and train lines were placed under the authority of the board.,authority

28、n. 管辖权，权力；授权；当局，官方；权威；泰斗，专家 under the authority of 在的管辖下； 在授权下 in authority 掌权 have authority over sb./sth.管辖 have the authority to do 有权做某事 for doing,1) 他现在管辖着那些曾经是他上司的人。 2)我们是在政府的授权下和你谈判的。 3)你无权处理这个案子。 4）he is an authority on chinese literature.,he has authority over those who used to be his bosse

29、s.,we are holding a talk with you under the authority of the government.,you have no authority for dealing with the case.,to deal with.,权威,1. there are many problems a_ from the lack of communication. 2. this road tends to be c_ during the rush hour, so try to avoid it. 3. sometimes, travelling on t

30、his line is very i_, so you should go by car. 4. many caves in the mountains f_ as bomb shelters during the war. 5. she claimed for the o_ of the house after her parents died.,step iii practice,rising,rowded,nconvenient,unctioned,wnership,6. how did you celebrate your 50th wedding a_? 7. its u_ that

31、 the same event happened years later at the same place. 8. he comes back to see his family at regular i_. 9. he is regarded as an a_ in this field. 10. it was an unpopular decision to p_building the new hospital.,nniversary,nbelievable,nterval,uthority,ostphone,ccdca ccdbd,step i before class a:summ

32、ary of the text 享有世界上最古老,最复杂地铁系统的盛誉,多年以来伦敦地铁每年成功运送成百万的乘客。在十九世纪前半叶，虽然到伦敦的铁路得到发展，但是大部分都不到市中。十九世纪六十年代，两家公司分别开挖了两条隧道。但在1884年两家公司联合起来提供地铁服务，形成了后来的 环线。随着开挖隧道方法的日渐进步，更多的深层地铁线开通。但它们各有所属，并且大多相距甚远。后来一个富有的 美国商人买下很多线路组建了地铁集团。二战中，伦敦地铁还有一些特别用途，如它曾充当过防空避难所和地下飞机场。现在伦敦地铁在交通系统中发挥着越来越重要的作用，大多数的游客对伦敦的参观都是从地铁开始的。,享有世界上最

33、古老,最复杂地铁系统的盛誉,多年以来伦敦地铁每年成功运送成百万的乘客。,with the distinction of being the oldest and most complex underground system in the world, the london underground system is working to transport millions of people effectively as it has done for many years.,means of transport / transportation,十九世纪前半叶，虽然到伦敦的铁路得到发展，

34、但是大部分都不到市中。,during the first half of the 19th century, most trains into london didnt reach the centre, though train services were developed.,十九世纪六十年代，两家公司分别开挖了两条隧道。但在1884年两家公司联合起来提供地铁服务，形成了后来的环线。,in the 1960s, two companies opened two tunnels separately. in 1884 they linked up to provide underground

35、 service, which later became the circle line.,随着开挖隧道方法的日渐进步，更多的深层地铁线开通。但它们各有所属，并且大多相距甚远。,as more advanced ways of digging tunnels were developed, more deep tunnels were made. but each line was separately owned and many were very far from each other.,后来一个富有的美国商人买下很多线路组建了地铁集团。,later a wealthy american bought many of the different lines and set up the underground group.,二战中，伦敦地铁还有一些特别用途，如它曾充当过防空避难所和地下飞机场。现在伦敦地铁在交通系统中发挥着越来越重要的作用，大多数的游客对伦敦的参观都是从地铁开始的。,during world war ii, the london underground had some unusual uses, functioning as bomb shelters and an underground aeroplane factory.