材料成型及控制工程专业英语---8-CAD-CAMppt课件

1、材料成型及控制工程专业英语,上海工程技术大学 材料学院,- 1 -,CHAPTER 8 CAD/CAM,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing Words and terms,- 2 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,Throughout the history of our industrial society, many inventions have been patented and whole new technolog

2、ies have evolved . Whitneys concept of interchangeable parts, Watts steam engine, and Fords assembly line are but a few developments that are most noteworthy during our industrial period.,纵观工业社会的整个历史，许多发明都申请的专利，所有的新技术都已发生演变。Whitney 零件互换性概念，Watt的蒸汽机，Ford的装配线仅仅是我们工业时代最令人注目的新发展。,- 3 -,8.1 Computer-aide

3、d Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,Each of these developments has impacted manufacturing as we know it, and has earned these individuals deserved recognition in our history books.,就我们所知，每一项新技术的发展都冲击着制造业，并且也在我们的历史书中赢得了应有的赞誉。,recognition ,rekgnin n. 承认，认出；赞誉；重视；识别；公认,- 4 -,8.1 Computer-aided De

4、sign and Computer-aided Manufacturing,Perhaps the single development that has impacted manufacturing more quickly and significantly than any previous technology is the digital computer.,对先进制造业的影响最快、最明显，超过先前任何技术影响的一项发明也许就是数字计算机。,- 5 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,Since t

5、he advent of computer technology, manufacturing professionals have wanted to automate the design process and use the database developed therein for automating manufacturing processes,自从计算机技术出现，制造业的专家就想使设计过程自动化，并为自动制造工艺应用来完善其中的数据库。,therein adv.在那里 Professionals n. 专业人员、专家（professional的复数）,- 6 -,8.1 C

6、omputer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), when successfully implemented, should remove the “wall” that has traditionally existed between the design and manufacturing components.,当计算机辅助设计/辅助制造（CAD/CAM）成功应用时，它们应该可以除去设计和制造部门传统中(一

7、直)存在的“墙”。,- 7 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,CAD/CAM means using computers in the design and manufacturing processes. Since the advent of CAD/CAM, other terms have developed: Computer graphics (CG) Computer-aided engineering (CAE) Computer-aided design and drafting (CAD

8、D) Computer-aided process planning (CAPP),CAD/CAM意味着计算机在设计和工业制造中的应用。由于CAD/CAM 的出现，又发展出其他术语： 计算机图形学(CG) 计算机辅助工程(CAE) 计算机辅助设计及绘图(CADD) 计算机辅助工艺规划(CAPP),- 8 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,These spin-off terms all refer to specific aspects of the CAD/CAM concept. CAD/CAM its

9、elf is a broader, more inclusive term. It is at the heart of automated and integrated manufacturing.,所有这些衍生词都指CAD/CAM概念中的特定方面，CAD/CAM本身是一个内容宽泛且内涵丰富的词汇。它们是自动化集成制造的核心。,- 9 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,A key goal of CAD/CAM is to produce data that can be used in manufact

10、uring a product while developing the database for the design of that product. When successfully implemented, CAD/CAM involves the sharing of a common data between the design and manufacturing components of a company.,CAD/CAM的主要目标是建立数据以用于零件生产，同时开发设计零件所用的数据库。当实现这一目标时，CAD/CAM就涉及到公司内部设计部门和制造部门通用数据库的共享。,

11、- 10 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,Interactive computer graphics (ICG) plays an important role in CAD/CAM. Through the use of ICG, designers develop a graphic image of the product being designed while storing the data that electronically make up the graphic image. ,在CA

12、D/CAM中，计算机图形交互(ICG)起着非常重要的作用。通过使用ICG，设计者通过设计并存储数据开发了产品的图像，这些电子数据组成了图像。,- 11 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,The graphic image can be presented in a two-dimensional (2-D), three-dimensional (3-D) , or solid format. ICG images are constructed using such basic geometric cha

13、racters as points, lines, circles, and curves. Once created, these images can be easily edited and manipulated in a variety of ways including enlargements, reductions, rotations, and movements.,图像以二维(2D)、三维(3D)或实体形式呈现，ICG图像由点、线、圆、曲线等基本几何特征组成。一旦图像建立，它们可以很容易的被编辑，并且可以（对其）进行放大、缩小、旋转、运动等各种操作。,- 12 -,8.1

14、Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,An ICG system has three main components: 1） hardware, which consists of the computer and various peripheral devices; 2) software, which consists of the computer programs and technical manuals for the system ( the popular ICG software used in CAD

15、/CAM at present includes AutoCAD, CADKEY, Pro/E, UG, I-DEAS and CATIA etc.); 3) the human designer, the most important of the three components.,ICG系统有3个主要组成部分： 1）硬件，它由计算机一级各种外围设备组成。 2)软件，它由计算机程序及系统（使用的）技术手册组成（流行的ICG软件有AutoCAD, CADKEY, Pro/E, UG, I-DEAS 和CATIA 等）； 3)设计者，是三个组成部分中最重要的。,- 13 -,8.1 Compu

16、ter-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,A typical hardware configuration for an ICG system includes a computer, a display terminal, a disk drive unit for floppy diskettes, a hard disk, or both; and input/output devices, such as a keyboard, plotter, and printer. These devices, along with th

17、e software, are the tools modern designers use to develop and document their designs.,ICG系统中典型硬件配置包括计算机、显示器终端以及软盘的磁盘驱动器、硬盘、输入/输出设备诸如键盘、绘图机、打印机。这些设备和软件都是现代设计者开发和保存其设计文档的工具。,configuration kn,fijurein n. 配置；结构；外形,- 14 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing,The ICG systems could en

18、hance the design process by allowing the human designer to focus on the intellectual aspects of the design process, such as conceptualization and making judgment-based decisions.,通过允许设计者将精力集中在设计过程的智力方面，例如：概念化、基于判断做决定等，ICC系统能够提高设计过程的速度。,- 15 -,8.1 Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturin

19、g,The computer performs tasks for which it is better suited, such as mathematical calculations, storage and retrieval of data, and various repetitive operations such as crosshatching.,计算机比较适合的任务是数学计算、数据的存储与恢复，以及画交叉阴影线等重复操作。,- 16 -,Question （p109）,- 17 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),Controlling a mac

20、hine tool using a punched tape or stored program is known as numerical control (NC).,用穿孔纸带或存储程序控制机床就是众所周知的数字控制。,- 18 -,- 18 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),NC has been defined by the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) as “a system in which actions are controlled by the direct insertion of numeri

21、cal data at some point. The system must automatically interpret at least some portion of this data.” The numerical data required to produce a part is known as a part program.,电子工业协会定义NC为“通过在某一点直接插入数字数据来控制其运动的系统。这个系统至少能自动翻译这些数据的一部分” 。按要求产生的数字数据即我们所知的一部分程序。,- 19 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),A numeri

22、cal control machine tool system contains a machine control unit (MCU) and the machine tool itself. The MCU is further divided into two elements: The data processing unit (DPU) and the control loop unit (CLU).,数控机床系统包括机床控制单元（MCU）和机床本身。MCU可进一步分为两个部分：数据处理单元（DPU）和闭环控制单元（CLU）。,- 20 -,- 20 -,8.3.1 Numeric

23、al Control (NC),The DPU process the coded data from the tape or other media and passes information on the position of each axis, required direction of motion, feed rate, and auxiliary function control signals to the CLU.,DPU(数据处理单元)处理纸带或其它媒介中的编码数据并将关于每个轴的位置、运动方向、进给速度、辅助功能控制信号等信息传递给CLU(闭环控制单元).,- 21

24、-,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),The CLU operate the drive mechanisms of the machine, receives feed back signals concerning the actual position and velocity of each of the axes, and signals the completion of operation.,CLU控制机器驱动原理，接受关于每个轴实际位置及速度的反馈信号，发出操作完成信号。,- 22 -,- 22 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC

25、),The DPU sequentially reads the data. When each line has completed execution as noted by the CLU, another line of data is read. Geometric and kinematic data are typically fed from the DPU to the CLU and CLU then governs the physical system based on the data from the DPU.,DPU 接着读取数据。当执行完每条线后，CLU做上记号

26、，再读取另外一条线段。几何数据和运动数据由DPU传递给CLU ，然后CLU 根据来自DPU的数据控制物理系统。,- 23 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),Numerical control was developed to overcome the limitation of human operates, and it has done so.,发展数控加工主要为了克服手工操作者的局限，它也确实做到了这一点。,- 24 -,- 24 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),Numerical control machines are mor

27、e accurate than manually operated machines, they can produce parts more uniformly, they are faster, and the long-run tooling costs are lower. The development of NC led to the development of several other innovations in manufacturing technology:,数控机床比手工操作机器更加精确，生产的零件更加一致，它们速度比较快，长期运行加工成本更低。数控机床的发展导致制

28、造技术（领域中）其它几项创新的发展。,- 25 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),Electric discharge machining Laser-cutting Electron bean welding,电火花加工 激光加工 电子束焊接,- 26 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),Numerical control has also made machine tools more versatile than their manually operated predecessors. An NC machine tool can

29、automatically produce a wide variety of parts, each involving an assortment of widely varied and complex machining processes.,具有数控的机械设备比之前手工操作的设备功能更多，一台NC机械设备可以自动生产各类零件，每一种都涉及到各种复杂工艺的一种分类,Assortment 混合物 ；分类,- 27 -,8.3.1 Numerical Control (NC),Numerical control has allowed manufacturers to undertake

30、the production of products that would not have been feasible from an economic perspective using manually controlled machine tools and processes.,数控可以使制造者生产一种产品，从经济的角度来看，这种产品是不可能利用手工控制设备及工艺生产出来的。,- 28 -,Question （p113）,- 29 -,8.4 solid freeform fabrication (SFF) methods 快速原型制造方法,Several manufacturing

31、 processes are available to make the important transition from computer aided design (CAD) to a prototype part. Several new technologies began to make their appearance after1987.,一些制造工艺可以将CAD转变为原型零件。1987年后，一些新技术开始出现。,Assortment 混合物 ；分类,- 30 -,8.4 solid freeform fabrication (SFF) methods 快速原型制造方法,In

32、that year, stereolithography (SLA) was first introduced by 3D Systems Inc., and over the next five years several rival methods also appeared. This created the family of processes known as solid freeform fabrication (SFF). SFF processes are sometimes described as:,立体层叠扫描首次有3D系统公司发明。在其后的5年里，相继出现了其它几种具有竞争性的方法。快速原型制造工艺由此建立。SFE工艺有时被描述为：,Assortment 混合物 ；分类,- 31 -,8.4 solid freeform fabrication (SFF) methods,Parts on demand From part to part Desktop manufacturing Rapid prototy