后置修饰语 post modification.ppt

1、Grammar Work,Group 3,1.ed/ing/to do Post-modification: A-E,2.adj Post-modification：1-10,A.如果定语从句的谓语是进行时态（包括用进行时态表示将来意义的用法），通常可以转化为现在分词或过去分词短语。 Do you know the woman (who is) talking to Tom? There were some children (who were) swimming in the river. I didnt talk much to the man (who was) sitting next

2、 to me. 注意:并非只有谓语是进行时态的定语从句才可转化为现在分词（短语），有时一般时态也可转化为现在分词。 It is said that those eating (=who eat) the most are the least healthy. Jim has got a brother working (=who works) in a bank in London. Students wanting (=who want) more information should apply in writing.,定语从句变为ed/ing/to do作后置定语,B.如果定语从句的谓语

3、是一般时态的被动语态，则通常可以考虑用过去分词来改写。 She is a dancer (who was) trained in our college. The woman (who was) dressed in white is a famous actress. What do you think of the play (which was) put on by the students? Most of the goods (which are) made in this factory are exported.,C.如果定语从句的谓语是进行时态的被动语态，则通常可考虑用现在分词

4、的被动式来改写。 The woman (who is) being operated on is his mother. He wasnt interested in the question (which was) being discussed.,定语从句变为ed/ing/to do作后置定语,D.如果定语从句所表示的动作是尚未发生的动作，则可以考虑用不定式来改写。 I have a lot of letters which I have to write. =I have a lot of letters to write. They planned a big meeting whic

5、h would be held next year. =They planned a big meeting to be held next year. 有时定语从句的谓语并非表示一个未发生的动作，而是表示一种通常的情况。 He is not a man who tells a lie. =He is not a man to tell a lie. He is not a man who bows before difficulties. =He is not a man to bow before difficulties.,定语从句变为ed/ing/to do作后置定语,E.做这些句式简

6、化或转换时，有时要注意一些特殊结构的特殊搭配。比如，当一个名词前面有序数词修饰时，它后面的定语从句原则应用不定式（而不是现在分词）来改写。 He was the first man who thought of it. =He was the first man to think of it. Who was the first woman who climbed Eretest? =Who was the first woman to climb Eretest? 此时如果定语从句是被动语态，则也可用过去分词。 She was the first person who was awarded

7、 such a prize. 。=She was the first person (to be) awarded such a prize.,定语从句变为ed/ing/to do作后置定语,Company Logo,当定语为adj的几种后置情况,1当形容词为some-,no-,any和 every-,-thing,-body和-one构成的不定代词时,它置于这些词的后面. Is there anything important in her article? There is nothing difficult in the world Have you ever met anyone fa

8、mous? I met someone quite talkative at the party,2带前缀a-的形容词在作定语时,一般放在被修饰的词的后面.asleep（睡着的）,afraid（害怕的）,alive（活着的）,afloat（漂着的）,afire（烧着的）等. There was a child asleep in the bed We saw many things afloat They are the happiest children alive,Company Logo,当定语为adj的几种后置情况,3当某些以-ble或-ible结尾的形容词具有动词色彩,并表示被动意义

9、时,应置于被修饰的词的后面,而且这些形容词大都和形容词最高级或 all, only, every等词连用： He is the only person reliable I have tried all means imaginable .Every message transmissible was sent out by them,4有的形容词如果后面跟着一个关系紧密的介词短语时,这个形容词应后置. The train bound for Los Angeles has just left the station This is a question easily accessible t

10、o beginners People aware of their own shortcomings are wise,Company Logo,当定语为adj的几种后置情况,5当一个名词被两个以上的形容词所修饰,同时这些形容词又表示强调意义时,形容词应放在被修饰的名词之后 There are many people in the house, young and old We should be prepared to deal with the subversion and sabotage by all our enemies, domestic and foreign,6当形容词前有表

11、示量度的词时,此时形容词应后置. There was an ancient tree 30 meters high They have a child three years old The soldiers crossed a river 4 miles wide,Company Logo,当定语为adj的几种后置情况,7当形容词前有so, more, most等词修饰时,形容词应后置. I have never seen a calm so deep He could not have chosen a time more favorable 8. 形容词短语通常后置，其功能相当于一个定语从句。 Those brave enough to receive the challenge must be the top students in the grade.,Company Logo,当定语为adj的几种后置情况,9. 形容词比较结构须后置定语。 So far he hasnt found a