英语作文写作技巧素材

1、英语写作技巧Lecture of Writing,2,Outline,写作基本要求 过渡语 替换新词，改换句式 写作的“四化” 写作增词的技巧,3,一、写作基本要求：,4,2. 段落分明 2.1 15%的开头，70%的主体，15%的结尾 2.2 每段首行缩进4-5个字母,5,二、过渡语,1.表文章结构顺序，列举：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/SecondAnd then，Finally，In the end，At last 2.表并列补充关系的，另外：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In additi

2、on 3.表转折对比关系的：However，Although +clause(从句)， On one handOn the other hand；,6,4.表因果关系的：Because，Thus，Therefore，As a result 5.表换一种方式表达：In other words 6.表进行举例说明：For example，句子; For instance，句子; such as+n/doing 7.表陈述事实：In fact， as a matter of fact 8.表达自己观点：As far as I know，In my opinion 9.表总结：In short，In

3、a word，In conclusion，In summary,7,三、替换旧词，改变句式,许多考生的作文错误倒不多，相当符合语法要求，但用词贫乏，过多使用如more and more, I think, as you know等表达，并且句子结构过于简单。 统计结果表明，差的作文中简单句多，而好的作文简单句少；差的作文从句、连词、分词结构出现的频率大大低于好的作文；差的作文中关键词和同义表达出现的频率低于好的作文。用词的丰富和句式的多样应该主要通过多看好文章，仔细琢磨好文章中的用词和句子来提高。换句话说，也就是要从阅读中学习写作。,8,在措词方面存在的问题：,1、可供“调遣”的词汇量贫乏，局

4、限于中学词汇。 比如，我们一提到“重要的” 大多数同学首先会想到“important”这个单词 它的如下同义词：significant, vital, crucial, critical， etc,9,2、表达相近意义时，常重复用一个词，用词单调。 比如，我们一提到“大” 大多数同学首先会想到“big”这个单词 它的如下同义词：great, large, huge, vast, enormous etc.,在措词方面存在的问题：,10,应对之策,1、调动大学期间学过的更生动，更丰富的词汇。 Eg. 引起、导致 Cause, lead to, result in, bring about, gi

5、ve rise/birth to,11,2、用具体，生动，有针对性的词语。 Eg. 利用 Use, make use of, make (good, effective, wide, wise, full) use of sth, take (full) advantage of,12,3、文中如需要多次表达同一词义时，以同义词，近义词等避免重复使用同一词。 Eg. 适应 Adapt to, adjust to, makefit, get used to, be accustomed to,13,少用老掉牙词汇,垃圾词汇: helpful 典型例句:Sth is helpful (to sb)

6、 替代语 conducive有助于 e.g Sth is conducive to sb 垃圾词汇:think 典型例句:i think - - 替代语deem， harbor the idea that 垃圾词汇: because 典型例句:xxx because xxx 替代语 in that/in as much as 垃圾词汇: about 典型例句:it is about 250 times of that 替代语 it is approximately - 垃圾词汇: if 替代语provided，supposing,1. people, persons的替换词: individu

7、als, characters, folks 2. good的替换词: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding 3. bad的替换词: dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse(有害的) 如果 bad 做表语，可以有 be less impressive 代替,24个经典替换词,24个经典替换词,4. many的替换词: an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude

8、of , many if not most. Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that.,5. some的替换词: a slice of, quiet a few , several 6. thing的替换词: affair, business ,matter,16,7. think的替换词: harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowl

9、edged that 8. common的替换词: shared 9. get much benefit的替换词: reap huge fruits 10. in my opinion的替换词: for my part ,from my own perspective,24个经典替换词,11. more and more的替换词: increasingly, growing 当修饰名词时用 increasing/growing. 修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly 注意没有growingly 这种形式. Eg. sth has gained growing popularity. s

10、th is increasingly popular. 12 helpful的替换词:benefitial rewarding 13. very的替换词: exceedingly,extremely,24个经典替换词,14. cause的替换词: give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 15. reasons for sth的替换词: there are several reasons behind sth 16. want 的替换词: desire 17. pay attention to的替换词: pour attention into 18.

11、remember的替换词: bear in mind that,24个经典替换词,19,19. sb be interested in sth的替换词: sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 20. attract ones attention的替换词: capture ones attention 21. have的替换词: enjoy, possess,24个经典替换词,20,22. communication的替换词: interaction 23. be against, disagree with s

12、th 的替换词：frown on sth 24. for example 的替换词： to name only a few, as an example,24个经典替换词,21,善用词组,如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。 比如上面所说的“重要的”这个单词，当我们想到important的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们会想到“be of importance”。因为，语法中规定：形容词等于of加这个形容词的名词形式。 如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组“play an important role in-”。,22,

13、句型多样，制造亮点,简单句，并列句和复合句交替使用，灵活使用各种句子结构如：插入语，倒装句，强调句，非谓语动词，疑问句等。 若要写好作文，要写好句子，首先要掌握句子结构和句式变化及句子类型，可通过对泛读课文经典句子的背诵提高应用语言基本句型的能力。 Imitation is a good way to learn.,23,适当用代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实,句子开头不要总是用we / I (比如不用 we should pay attention to 而用 Attention should be paid to. ) In a word, the local government sho

14、uld take effective measures to solve the problem. It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the local government like that.,被动句以及倒装句,24,四、写作的“四化”：,a. 语言准确化 b. 语言多样化 c. 结构清晰化 d. 内容简单化,Recently, the problem of has aroused peoples concern. Internet has been playing

15、 an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter t

16、ruth we have to learn to face now/constantly.,Beginning 文章开头,Peoples views on vary from person to person. Some hold that . However, others believe that. Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. There are different opinions among people as to People may have different opinions on Differe

17、nt people hold different attitudes toward (failure).,Different opinions不同意见,As far as something is concerned, . It was obvious that It may be true that, but it doesnt mean that It is natural to believe that , but we shouldnt ignore that There is no evidence to suggest that,Incorrect opinions,From my

18、 point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that Personally, I am standing on the side of I sincerely believe that In my opinion, it is more advisable to do than to do. Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a mor

19、e practical reason why,Your opinions,This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. Why did ? For one thing For another. Perhaps the primary reason is I quite agree with the statement that the reasons are chiefly as follows.,The reasons,Here are some suggestions for handling The best way to solve t

20、he troubles is People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.,Solutions,The primary reason is/ to begin with/to start with/In the first place besides/furthermore/in addition/whats more last but not least； Previously, simultaneously, eventually； For one thing, for another On one hand, on th

21、e other hand,Sequence 顺序,Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that Hence/Therefore, wed better come to the conclusion that There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its dra

22、wbacks as well as merits. All in all, we cannot live without But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.,Conclusion结论,It is high time that we put an end to the (trend). It is time to take the advice of and to put special emphasis on the improveme

23、nt of There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of Obviously,. If we want to do something , it is essential that Only in this way can we It must be realized that,Suggestions建议,Obviously, if we dont control the problem, the chances are that will lead us in danger. No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very lik