M4-新Grammar 外研社必修一第四单元

1、Module 4 Grammar,Ive seen quite a lot of China and Ive visited some beautiful cities. Its been six years since we last saw each other. This is the first time Ive visited your hometown.,现在完成时(Present perfect tense) 构成：_,have/has + 过去分词,现在完成时 1.现在完成时的基本用法： 1）表示动作发生在过去，但结果影响到现在，和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用，如just, a

2、lready, yet, ever, recently, so far等连用。 eg. _ 我已经学会了使用计算机了。 （“学计算机”是过去发生的动作，对现在的影响是“我已学会了使用计算机”）,I have already learned how to use a computer.,2）表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来。常与since, for，in the past/last 10 years等表示一段时间的状语连用。 e.g. _ 他已经学习英语7年了。 3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经历，常带有twice, ever, never, three

3、times, before等时间状语。 e.g. _ 我已经看过这部电影两次了。,He has studied English for 7 years.,I have seen the movie twice.,4）在条件状语从句中可用现在完成时表将来完成, 主句用一般将来时。 Dont get off the bus until it_(stop). He will come as soon as he _ (finish) his work.,has stopped,has finished,2.一般过去时与现在完成时的区别： 现在完成时强调的是动作与现在的关系，即对现在的影响或动作延续到

4、现在；而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某时发生，不表示与现在有关系。因此，句中有过去时间状语时，一般用一般过去时。试比较： I _ my new bike.我把新自行车丢了。（强调对现在的影响，现在还未找到） I _ my new bike yesterday.我昨天把新自行车丢了。（强调动作发生的时间,现在找到与否不清楚）,have lost,lost,【跟踪练习】 1.用括号内动词适当形式填空。 1）We _(know) each other since five years ago. 2）-How long _you _ (work) as a nurse? -Since I _(gradu

5、ate) from college in 2014. 3) -Mary seems to have a fever. -Dont worry. I_(send) for a doctor and he is on the way.,have known,graduated,worked,have,have sent,4) He _(leave) his hometown 5 years ago and no one _(see) him ever since. 5) When I was in Tokyo,I _ (study) Japanese for 2 years.,left,has s

6、een,studied,2.语法填空： Yesterday I _(arrive)at the small citymy hometown where I _ (grow)up. It _ (be)15 years since I _(leave)here to go abroad. This is the first time that my daughter _(visit) here. She is very excited and she says this is the most attractive place she _(be) to. Great changes _ (take

7、) place here in the last 15 years. I can hardly recognize the city. Many high-rise buildings _ (put) up. There are some great shopping malls. Much _ my delight, I can see the middle school where I _(use) to study. I love my hometown.,arrived,grew,is/has been,left,has visited,has been,have taken,have

8、 been put,to,used,This is the first time that my daughter has visited here. 这是我女儿第一次来这儿参观。 用于现在完成时的句型: This/It is the+_+_that 表示这是某人第几次. （如果is为过去时was，则从句用过去完成时。） It was the third time that the boy _ late. 这是这个男孩第三次迟到了。,序数词,time,had been,2.语法填空： Yesterday I _(arrive)at the small citymy hometown where

9、 I _ (grow)up. It _ (be)15 years since I _(leave)here to go abroad. This is the first time that my daughter _(visit) here. She is very excited and she says this is the most attractive place she _(be) to. Great changes _ (take) place here in the last 15 years. I can hardly recognize the city. Many hi

10、gh-rise buildings _ (put) up. There are some great shopping malls. Much _ my delight, I can see the middle school where I _(use) to study. I love my hometown.,arrived,grew,is/has been,left,has visited,has been,have taken,have been put,to,used,had,1）They had put up a lot of high-rise buildings recent

11、ly. 2) His mother have worked in that factory since 2000. 3) I have bought the bike for two months. 4)The reports go missing in 2013 and nobody have seen them ever since.(2 mistakes),have,has,非延续性动词,非持续性动词(短暂性动词) （如come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, reach, get, get up , join, marry, open, close,

12、 give, lend, borrow, buy, die等）不能与表一段时间的状语连用,要转变成相应的延续性动词形式。 e.g. buy have open be open,1）They had put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. 2) His mother have worked in that factory since 2000. 3) I have bought the bike for two months. 4)The reports go missing in 2013 and nobody have seen them ever