国际商务双语课件Intl Bz 5 Political Economy

1、International Business,Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,Outline of Chapter Five: Boeing, Airbus, and the World Trade Organization p.177 Instruments of Trade Policy Tariffs 180 Subsidies 181 Im

2、port Quotas protecting domestic producers - procedure: domestic producer: filing a petition government agencies: (Commerce Department, ITO) investigating the complaint If true, imposing countervailing duties,II. Instruments of Trade Policy,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy o

3、f International Trade,Key definition No. 37 p.185,在国际贸易的文献中， 倾销有不同的定义，如在外国市场上以低于生产成本出售商品，或在国外市场上一低于“公平”市场价值出售商品。 In the context of international trade, dumping is variously defined as selling goods in a foreign market at below their costs of production, or as selling goods in a foreign market at bel

4、ow their “fair” market value.,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,Key definition No. 38 p.185,反倾销政策是用来惩罚那些参与倾销的外国企业，其最终目标是为了保护国内厂商免遭不公平的外来竞争。 Antidumping polices are designed to punish foreign firms that engage in dumping. The ultimate objective is to pr

5、otect domestic producers from unfair foreign competition.,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,III. The Case for Government Intervention,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,two types of arguments for governmen

6、t intervention p.185-189 1. Political arguments for government intervention - protecting jobs - protecting national security - protecting consumers - furthering the goals of foreign policy,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,two types of arguments for go

7、vernment intervention 2. Economic Arguments for Intervention - protecting the Infant Industry - Strategic trade policy * attaining first mover advantages * overcoming barriers,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,Classroom Performance System Which argumen

8、t for government intervention suggests that an industry should be protected until it can develop and be viable and competitive internationally? a) Strategic trade policy b) National security c) Retaliation (attacking in return) d) Infant industry,a,International Business Chapter Five: The Political

9、Economy of International Trade,IV. Development of the World Trading System,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,GATT,since 1947,General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade,WTO,since 1995,World Trade Organisation,Global Trade System,International Business Chapt

10、er Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,1. From Smith to the Great Depression p.192 - Great Depression: 1930s, protectionism - the U.S. : significant import tariffs on foreign goods - Other nations: took similar steps - World trade fell further.,International Business Chapter Five: The

11、 Political Economy of International Trade,2. 1947-79: GATT, Trade Liberalization, and Economic Growth - realizing the value of freer trade - establishing GATT (the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) - eliminate barriers to trade,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of Inte

12、rnational Trade,Tariff reduction was spread out over eight rounds.,GATT Tariff Negotiations,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,3. 1980-1993: Protectionist Trends p.193 - the world trading system was strained (stretch tightly). - Japan: protectionist, ke

13、eping huge trade surplus - the U.S.: persistent trade deficits,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,4. The Uruguay Round and the World Trade Organization p.194 - the Uruguay Round: 1986 negotiations to reduce tariffs - The talks focused on several areas:

14、manufactured goods Services Intellectual Property agriculture,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,4. The Uruguay Round and the World Trade Organization - establishing the WTO : setting the global trade rules - three agreements: GATT: the General Agreemen

15、t on Tariffs and Trade GATS: General Agreement on Trade in Services TRIPS: the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,Location:Geneva, Switzerland Established:1 January 1995 (replaced GATT a

16、bsorbing its 131 member countries) Membership:154 countries (as of 2008) Budget:154 million Swiss francs Secretariat staff:630 Head:Pascal Lamy (Director-General),WTO - Fact File,International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,Core Functions: Administering WTO trade

17、 agreements Forum for trade negotiations Handling of trade disputes Monitoring national trade policies Technical assistance and training (for developing countries) Co-operation with other international organisations,WTO - Fact File (cont.),International Business Chapter Five: The Political Economy of International Trade,5. The WTO in Seattle: A Watershed? p.196 The 1999 meeting of the WTO in Seattle Inside: no agreement on