全新版大学英语 第二版 综合教程1 Unit4 电子教案 PPT 第2版 综合教程一

1、,BR _ main,The American Dream,Immigrants,The Great Depression,Mortgage,Warm-up Questions,BR_1,The American Dream,BR_1_pop,American Dream is the belief that everyone in the United States has the chance to achieve success and prosperity. For ordinary people, it means a happy family, an ideal job, and

2、a nice house. For minorities and immigrants, it also includes freedom and equal rights.,BR_2,Immigrants,Introduction,First Immigrants,BR_2_1.1,Introduction,Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with the missing words.,BR_2_1.2,Apart from “Native Americans” , all Americans have ancestors who w

3、ere immigrants. The United States has the home of immigrants from all over the world. Some immigrants come to the United States a place to practice their religion freely, while others seek political or protection. Still others arrive in hopes of building a better life for and their families.,Indians

4、,_,become,_,in search of,_,economic,_,themselves,_,BR_2_2,First Immigrants,BR_2_2_pop,The first immigrants to America came almost from western Europe. During the first decades of the 17th century, settlers from England colonized Virginia and New England. Immigration to New England began in 1620 when

5、 English Puritans established Plymouth Colony in present-day Massachusetts. The values of these Puritan settlers strongly influenced the culture of the American colonies and later of the United States.,BR _3,The Great Depression,BR _3_pop,The Great Depression is considered the most severe economic c

6、risis in the industrialized world. It began when American stock market fell on Friday, Oct. 24, 1929, and continued the following Tuesday, known as Black Tuesday, with a greater fall. The Depression struck many other countries as well, particularly Germany, Japan, and Britain. In the early 1930s mil

7、lions of people lost their jobs, and millions of businesses and banks failed. President Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal policies improved the situation, but the Great Depression did not come to an end until World War II when industrial production for the war increased.,BR_4,Mortgage,Mortgage,How to

8、Get a Mortgage,BR _ 4_1,Mortgage,Mortgage is an agreement to have money lent, especially to buy a house or land, with the house or land belonging to the lender until the money is repaid. It enables a person to buy a house without having enough money to pay for it completely. If the borrower fails to

9、 repay the loan, the lender may force the sale of the house to recover the amount of the loan.,BR _4_1_pop,BR _4_2,How to Get a Mortgage,BR _4_2_pop,Aborrowercanget a mortgage from a bank, credit union, or other lender. Most lenders require the borrower to have a certain amount of money to use as a

10、down payment. For example, if an individual wants to buy a home priced at $50,000 and the lender requires a down payment of $2,000, the individual will apply for a loan of $48,000 to pay for the difference. Payments for the loan are usually made monthly. The life of the mortgage can be 15, 20, 30, o

11、r even 40 years.,BR _5,Warm-up Questions,1. 2. 3. 4.,What is the American Dream in your opinion? In what ways can a person be considered as being successful? What is the key to success? Tell a story of a successful person.,GR _main,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,GR _ 1,Part Division

12、 of the Text,Parts,Para(s),Main Ideas,1,2,129,3033,With determination and with help from Mr. Crawford, Tony achieved his dream of having his own farm.,Tonys career set the author thinking about why and to what extent he had been successful.,GR _ 2,For Part 1,For Part 2,Further Understanding,Table Co

13、mpletion,Scanning,Questions and Answers,Matching,GR_2_P1_1.1,Table Completion,Para(s),Time Expressions,Tonys Steps toward Success,110,1113,one evening during the Great Depression,Tony started to work as a help at Mr. Crawfords house.,summer passed into fall,Tony got a job clearing snow at Mr. Crawfo

14、rds factory.,How Tony Fulfilled His American Dream,GR_ 2_P1_1.2,Para(s),Time Expressions,Tonys Steps toward Success,1416,one day,Tony asked to be trained as an apprentice, and later learned to be a skilled worker.,1721,a year or two passed,Tony bought a house with the help of Mr. Crawford.,GR_ 2_P1_

15、1.3,Para(s),Time Expressions,Tonys Steps toward Success,2227,after about two years,Tony bought a farm and sent for his family in Italy.,2833,during the war,Tony died, leaving his family a prosperous farm and his children educated.,GR _ 2_P1_3.1,Match the following three columns.,1 C II 2 A III 3 B I

16、,GR _ 2_P1_3.1,Scan the text to find out descriptions of Tonys physical appearance.,Scanning,Para. 1,Para. 22,Para. 27,He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin.,He seemed to stand a little straighter. He was heavier. He had a look of confidence., neatly dressed,Both Tony and the greatest indu

17、strialists are successful in pursuing their American Dreams. They reached their success by working hard, and by the same values and principles. The only difference was that they had different financial achievements.,GR _2_P2,Questions and Answers,1. What is the key to Tonys success?,Tony worked very

18、 hard to create his American Dream. Besides, he was determined, self-controlled, optimistic, self-respected, honest and responsible. All these helped him become successful.,2. Compare Tony with the greatest industrialists.,D R _ Text 1-3,Tony Trivisonnos American Dream,He came from a rocky farm in I

19、taly, somewhere south of Rome. How or when he got to America, I dont know. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage. He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin. “I mow your lawn,” he said. It was hard to comprehend his broken English. I asked him his name. “Tony Tr

20、ivisonno,” he replied. “I mow your lawn.” I told Tony that I couldnt afford a gardener.,Frederick C. Crawford,D R _ Text 4-7,“I mow your lawn,” he said again, then walked away. I went into my house unhappy. Yes, these Depression days were difficult, but how could I turn away a person who had come to

21、 me for help? When I got home from work the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the garden weeded, and the walks swept. I asked my wife what had happened.,“A man got the lawn mower out of the garage and worked on the yard,” she answered. “I assumed you had hired him.” I told her of my experience

22、the night before. We thought it strange that he had not asked for pay.,D R _ Text 8-10,The next two days were busy, and I forgot about Tony. We were trying to rebuild our business and bring some of our workers back to the plants. But on Friday, returning home a little early, I saw Tony again, behind

23、 the garage. I complimented him on the work he had done. “I mow your lawn,” he said. I managed to work out some kind of small weekly pay, and each day Tony cleaned up the yard and took care of any little tasks. My wife said he was very helpful whenever there were any heavy objects to lift or things

24、to fix.,D R _ Text 11-14,Summer passed into fall, and winds blew cold. “Mr. Craw, snow pretty soon,” Tony told me one evening. “When winter come, you give me job clearing snow at the factory.” Well, what do you do with such determination and hope? Of course, Tony got his job at the factory. The mont

25、hs passed. I asked the personnel department,for a report. They said Tony was a very good worker. One day I found Tony at our meeting place behind the garage. “I want to be prentice,” he said.,D R _ Text 15-16,We had a pretty good apprentice school that trained laborers. But I doubted whether Tony ha

26、d the capacity to read blueprints and micrometers or do precision work. Still, how could I turn him down?,Tony took a cut in pay to become an apprentice. Months later, I got a report that he had graduated as a skilled grinder. He had learned to read the millionths of an inch on the micrometer and to

27、 shape the grinding wheel with an instrument set with a diamond. My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story.,A year or two passed, and again I found Tony in his usual waiting place. We talked about his work, and I asked him what he wanted. “Mr. Craw,” he said, “

28、I like a buy a house.” On the edge of town, he had found a house for sale, a complete wreck. I called on a banker friend. “Do you ever loan money on character?” I asked. “No,” he said. “We cant afford to. No sale.” “Now, wait a minute,” I replied. “Here is a hard-working man, a man of character, I c

29、an promise you that. Hes got a good job. Youre not getting a damn thing from your lot. It will stay there for years. At least he will pay your interest.”,D R _ Text 17-20,D R _ Text 21-24,Reluctantly, the banker wrote a mortgage for $2,000 and gave Tony the house with no down payment. Tony was delig

30、hted. From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing Tony would gather and take home. After about two years, I found Tony in our familiar meeting spot. He seemed to stand a little straighter. He,was he

31、avier. He had a look of confidence. “Mr. Craw, I sell my house!” he said with pride. “I got $8,000.” I was amazed. “But, Tony, where are you going to live without a house?”,“Mr. Craw, I buy a farm.” We sat down and talked. Tony told me that to own a farm was his dream. He loved the tomatoes and pepp

32、ers and all the other vegetables important to his Italian diet. He had sent for his wife and son and daughter back in Italy. He had hunted around the edge of town until he found a small, abandoned piece of property with a house and shed. Now he was moving his family to his farm.,D R _ Text 25-26,Som

33、etime later, Tony arrived on a Sunday afternoon, neatly dressed. He had another Italian man with him. He told me that he had persuaded his childhood friend to move to America. Tony was sponsoring him. With an amused look in his eye, he told me that when they approached the little farm he now operate

34、d, his friend stood in amazement and said, “Tony, you are a millionaire!” Then, during the war, a message came from my company. Tony had passed away.,D R _ Text 27-28,D R _ Text 29-30,I asked our people to check on his family and see that everything was properly handled. They found the farm green wi

35、th vegetables, the little house livable and homey. There was a tractor and a good car in the yard. The children were educated and working, and Tony didnt owe a cent. After he passed away, I thought more and more about Tonys career. He grew in stature in my mind. In the end, I think he stood as tall,

36、 and as proud, as the greatest American industrialists.,D R _ Text 31-33,They had all reached their success by the same route and by the same values and principles: vision, determination, self-control, optimism, self-respect and, above all, integrity. Tony did not begin on the bottom rung of the lad

37、der. He began in the basement. Tonys affairs were tiny; the greatest industrialists affairs were giant. But, after all, the balance sheets were exactly the same. The only difference was where you put the decimal point. Tony Trivisonno came to America seeking the American Dream. But he didnt find it

38、he created it for himself. All he had were 24 precious hours a day, and he wasted none of them.,D R _ Text 1-3_S,How many times is the sentence “I mow your lawn.” repeated in the text? Why is it repeated?,The sentence is repeated four times. Thats because it shows Tonys determination in finding a jo

39、b, and his optimistic view that people would help a man who needed a job.,“I mow your lawn,” he said.,D R _ Text 11-14_S,Paraphrase the sentence.,It is hard to refuse a person who is determined and hopeful to get a job.,Well, what do you do with such determination and hope?,D R _ Text 15-16_S,1. Par

40、aphrase the sentence.,My wife and I were happy with what Tony had achieved, and thought that the whole thing had thus been settled.,My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story.,2. Was Tony satisfied with this end?,Tony was not satisfied. He kept on working hard u

41、ntil he fulfilled his better dreams.,D R _ Text 21-24_S,1. Why did Tony take home the discarded odds and ends?,Tony bought a house, which was a complete wreck. To fix and decorate it, and, above all, to save money, he took home the discarded odds and ends.,2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.,从那以

42、后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，看他这个样子真是有意思。,From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing Tony would gather and take home.,D R _ Text 25-26_S,1. What does “property” refer to?,“Pro

43、perty” refers to the farm he wanted to buy.,He had hunted around the edge of town until he found a small, abandoned piece of property with a house and shed.,2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.,他在小镇周边到处找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。,D R _ Text 29-30_S1.1,1. Paraphrase the sentence.,He grew taller

44、and greater in my mind. His social status greatly improved in my mind.,He grew in stature in my mind.,D R _ Text 29-30_S1.2,2. Describe the change of Tonys social status in Mr. Crawfords mind.,When Mr. Crawford first met Tony, Tony was “about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin”, and his English was

45、broken. He remained standing when he talked to Mr. Crawford. He did not have high social status. After he bought his farm several years later, he “seemed to stand a little straighter”, and he “had a look of confidence”. He and Mr. Crawford “sat down and talked”. His social status improved enough to

46、allow him to sit down with Mr. Crawford. After he passed away, Mr. Crawford thought “he stood as tall, and as proud, as the greatest American industrialists.”,D R _ Text 31-33_S1,What does “ladder” refer to? And what does “basement” refer to?,“Ladder” refers to the way to success. “Basement” refers

47、to Tonys starting point. He was worse than ordinary people. He had nothing to help him seek his American Dream.,Tony did not begin on the bottom rung of the ladder. He began in the basement.,2. What can you infer from the sentence?,Tony had nothing when he arrived in the United States, and he built

48、up from nothing.,D R _ Text 31-33_S2.1,What do balance sheets refer to? And what does decimal point refer to?,Balance sheets are used to show whether a person or a company is financially successful. Here they are used to judge a persons life achievements. If the decimal point is moved, a number will

49、 become either smaller or bigger. Here it shows the difference in the amount of money Tony and the greatest industrialists had made.,But, after all, the balance sheets were exactly the same. The only difference was where you put the decimal point.,D R _ Text 31-33_S2.2,2. What can you infer from the

50、 sentences?,What Tony and the greatest industrialists achieved was exactly the same. The only difference was that they had different financial success.,D R _ word _ turn away1,turn away: refuse to help (sb.) or allow (sb.) to enter a place,他拒绝了所有的应征者。,He turned away several people who didnt have the

51、 tickets.,He turned all the applicants away.,D R _ word _ turn away2,Collocation:,拒绝；调低,turn down,交还，上交,turn in,使变成,turn into,关；拐弯,turn off,turn out,turn over,turn up,生产，制造；证明，结果,仔细考虑,出现，来到；开大，调大,D R _ word _ work out,work out: plan; solve; calculate,他们已经设计出把宇宙飞船送上太空的方法。,Theyve worked out a method o

52、f sending a spacecraft to the space.,The accountant has worked out your share of the expense at 1,000 yuan.,会计已算出你的那份花费为1,000元。,Collocation:,work at,work up,从事于，致力于,引起，激起，逐渐上升,D R _ word _ weekly,weekly： 1. adj. happening once a week or every week,21世纪报每周出版一次。,He thinks his weekly wage of 400 yuan i

53、s enough.,adv. once a week; every week; by the week,21st Century is published weekly.,3.,n. a publication issued once a week Business Weekly 商业周刊 Publishers Weekly (美)出版商周刊 a twice weekly 半周刊,2.,D R _ word _ do with1,do with: 1) (used in questions with “what”) deal with,Tell me what you did with you

54、rself this week.,I cant do with him and his impoliteness.,The child didnt know what to do with himself for excitement.,2),tolerate,我不能忍受他和他的无礼。,3),(often with “could”, “can”) desire,I could do with a cup of tea.,D R _ word _ do with2,Collocation:,没有也行，将就,do without,废除，去掉,do away with,代替，适合,do for,对有

55、益,do good (to),重复,do over,D R _ word _ determination,determination: n. the ability to continue trying to achieve what you have decided to do even when this is difficult,He has great determination to learn English well.,D R _ word _ personnel1,personnel: n. the department in a large organization that

56、 deals with employees; human resources (uncountable noun, used with a singular or plural verb).,人事管理,personnel administration,人事部/处/科,personnel department,人事部长/处长/科长,personnel director,D R _ word _ personnel2,2) all the persons working in an organization, in the army, etc. (often used with a plural

57、verb),The personnel of the company has been increased.,全体员工都允许参加晚会。,All personnel were allowed to take part in the party.,D R _ word _ personnel3,Like their personal lives, womens history is fragmented, interrupted.,如同她们的个人生活一样，妇女的历史是支离破碎且断断续续的。,Translate the following into Chinese.,a personal appea

58、rance,I have something personal to tell you.,亲自出面,我有私人的事要告诉你。,此外注意与 personal 的区别。 personal: 个人的，私人的，亲自的，秘密的,NB:,D R _ word _ capacity1,capacity: n. 1) the ability to understand or do sth.,The trunk is filled to capacity.,His capacity for remembering things is interesting.,2),the ability to hold or c

59、ontain sth. the maximum amount that can be contained,D R _ word _ capacity2,这些词都可以表示“能力”的意思。 capacity 用于物时，指容纳接受的能力，如容积、容量、生产能力；用于人时，指潜在的能力，多用于才智、道德，尤指接受能力、领悟性、敏感性等。 ability 既指天赋的能力，也指培养造就而获得的本领；主要用于人，指已经表现出来的实际能力，尤指人的思维能力。 capability 较多用于人，指胜任某项工作的能力、本领。 proficiency 正式用语，带有技术性，指对业务的精通和熟练。,capacity, ability, capability trained; experienced,2),needing skill,skilled, skillful 表示“有技术的，熟练的”时可以互换。 skilled 通常是指受过正规训练，有多年实践经验而掌握某项专门技术。 skillful 是指人聪明，做事很灵巧，尤指手的灵巧。,skilled