新人教版八年级下册英语第二单元短语和知识点总结

1、Review,Translate the phrases into English.,1. 收拾干净；打扫 2.使高兴起来 3. 分发 4. 自愿做某事 5. 提出;想出 6. 过去常常 7. 习惯于做某事,1. clean up 2. cheer up 3. give out/ hand out 4. volunteer to do sth. 5. come up with 6. used to 7. be used to doing sth.,8. 张贴 _ 9. 打电话给；征召 _ 10.制定计划 _ 11.敬老院 _ 12.帮忙解决sth _ 13. 照顾； _ 14. 推迟 _,Re

2、view,make plans,call up,put up,help out with sth.,old peoples home,put off,care for,15. 单独、独立 by oneself 16. 在.年纪时 at the age of 17. 参加.选拔 try out for 18. 实现 come true 19. 忙于sth be busy with sth 20. 忙于做某事 be busy doing sth 21. 与.像 take after,22. 修理；维修 fix up 23. 捐赠 give away 24. 建立；设立 set up 25. 残疾人

3、 disabled people 26. 有影响；起作用 make a difference 27. 对.感到兴奋 be excited about 28. 立刻；马上 right away/ at once,Grammar,1. 做动词宾语。常见动词有would like, want, help, learn, hope, decide, volunteer.,动词不定式用法小结,e.g. We dont want to spent too much money. 我们不想花费太多钱。,2. 作宾语补足语。常见动词有 ask, want, tell, invite, like, hate.

4、V+sb+to do,e.g. Mr. Li asked the students to copy the text. 李老师让学生们抄写课文。,3. 作目的状语。,e.g. Our school make these rules to help students. 我们学校制定这些规矩，是为了帮助学生。,e.g. Claire missed a great chance to make a lot of money. 克莱尔错过了一个赚大钱的机会。,4. 作后置定语。,5. 动词help及一些使役动词后面常省 略to。如：help; let; make; see,e.g. My mother

5、 wouldnt let me go to the movie. 妈妈不会让我去看电影的。,e.g. They dont know where to build the new house.,6. 特殊疑问词+ to不定式，构成复合不定式结构。,他们不知道在哪里可以建新房。,=They dont know where they can build the new house.,思考：做什么 什么时候上课 怎样去学校,what to do,how to go to school,when to have a class,7. 形式主语句型中的不定式,1. 形式主语句型： It is + 形容词+

6、 （for sb）+ to do sth 不定式to do sth 做真正的主语 如： 对我们来说，学英语是容易的。 It is easy for us to study English. 对她来说，踢足球没有趣。 It is not interesting for her to play soccer.,不定式的否定形式：not to do,e.g. 不想做某事： want not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事： tell sb not to do 让某人不要做某事 make/let sb not do sth,1. He made me _ (tell) him all the

7、things. 2. Please remember _ (water) the plants while Im away. 3. Lets _ (not watch) a talk show.,Exercises,. Fill in the blanks.,to water,tell,not watch,4. What can you expect _ (learn) from the news? 5. My parents want me _ (not be) a doctor. 6. Id like _ (watch) cartoons at home.,not to be,to wat

8、ch,to learn,1. Who will _ (自愿读) these words for us? 2. The girl often _ her mother _ the dishes (帮妈妈洗餐具) on weekends.,. Complete the sentences.,helps do,volunteer to read,3. We _ her _ (邀请 来) to our party.,asked to come,辨析：lonely 与 alone,lonely 情感上的孤独，寂寞。 alone 独自一人（但不一定感觉寂寞）。,e.g. Linda was alone i

9、n the house. 琳达独自一人待在房子里。,e.g. She lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。,By the way, do you feel _when you are _? alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, alone D. lonely, lonely 解析：alone 是形容词也可作副词，指一个 人处境孤独但并不寂寞、悲伤的意思。 lonely是形容词，强调内心孤独，有寂寞、悲伤的情感。 如： He is alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.,B,The old man lives _ in a _ house, but he never feels _. A. alone, lonely, lonely B. alone, alone, lonely C. lonely, lonely, alone D. alone, alone, alone,A,名词或代词与副词短语的位置,如：让我妈妈高兴 让我高兴 捐赠自行车 捐赠他