实用英语写作-图表

1、高级英语写作,主讲：戚元方,第四讲: 图表作文,主讲：戚元方,图表作文写作 图表写作是要求写作者根据图表所给出的信息描述图表的变化及此变化的原因和发展趋势等。,图表写作,拔苗助长,Directions: The chart shows typical spending patterns for foreign students taking English language courses in schools in London. Write an essay on the basis of the following chart with no less than 150 words.,图

2、表写作例一,The pie chart reveals typical spending patterns for foreign students taking English language courses in schools in London. The average expense can be divided very roughly into thirds - the first third being spent on rent and food, the second on school fees and the last divided between entertai

3、nment, travel, clothes and study materials. The total expenditure for international students is shown to be 300 pounds per week.,图表写作,From the information shown, it can be seen that rent and food accounts for exactly a third of the total amount spent by students, amounting to 100 pounds per week. Th

4、is is the biggest single expense for students in London. The second greatest expense is school fees, the average being 90 pounds per week. Entertainment stands for a fifth of the total spending for students in London, and the remaining money (50 pounds) is used to travel on the underground and buy c

5、lothes and study materials. （153 words）,图表写作,Directions: Write an essay “College English Test” based on the following chart with no less than 150 words.,简单描述图表的变化 说明变化的原因 预测未来的发展,图表写作例二,The period 1990-2010 witnessed a rapid increase in the number of candidates and passers in College English Test (C

6、ET). As can be seen from the graph, in 1990 only 300,000 students sat for the test while in 2010 this number rose to,3600,000. Meanwhile the passers also increased from 31% to 65% over the same period.,Topic sentence,Supporting sentence 1,Supporting sentence 2,The boom of CET can be accounted for by

7、 a couple of factors. For one thing, the test is getting increasingly popular with college students since it can generally evaluate their English competency. For another, learning and teaching have been greatly improved. Above all, the certificate of CET is becoming more and more important for a job

8、 prospect. Many companies consider it as the pre-requirement for recruitment.,图表写作（原因）,Topic sentence,Reason 1,Reason 2,Reason 3,Supporting sentence,Therefore the popularity of CET, the improvement of learning and teaching and the importance of its certificate will attract more candidates. There is

9、no doubt more students will take and pass this test. (160 words),Conclusion,图表写作（趋势）,图表写作表示现象的句型,The period 1995-2009 witnessed (saw; eyed) a steady increase (decrease) in the number of (in percentage of ; in terms of ) As can be seen from the graph, in 1995 while in 2009 The chart gives some inform

10、ation about the steady increase in the percentage of in a big city of China over the period between 1995 and 2009. Obviously, in 1995 while in 2009 The graph shows (reveals; unveils, illustrates) the steady increase in terms of in a big city of China between 1995 and 2009. In the years between1995 a

11、nd 2009 Meanwhile over the same period.,The table The bar chart The pie chart The line chart The flow chart The graph,fresh water,used water,sewage plant,solid waste,fertilizer,图表作文常用表达法：,increase/rise/grow slowly 缓慢地 gradually 逐步地 decrease/fall/drop steadily 稳步地considerably 比较大地 rapidly快速地 dramatic

12、ally惊人地 sharply飞快地 remarkably较大地 drastically惊人地 greatly很大地 soar (快速上升）in the number of （数量） surge （迅速上升）in the percentage of （百分比） rock （飞快上升） Skyrocket （飙升） in terms of （就什么来说）,1. increase (rise, grow, jump) to 上升到 - rise from 20% in 2000 to 45% in 2005 - rose from 20% to 45% over the same period r

13、ise by 25% 上升了 from one to two thirds 从三分之一到三分之二 twice as many (much) as 二倍 2. decrease (drop; fall; decline) to (by) 下降（到；了） fluctuate (rise and fall; ups and downs) 波动,图表写作,approximately about 大约 around roughly only 仅仅 up to高达 nearly几乎 over (more than) 超过 under (less than) 不到,account for (stand fo

14、r; occupy; make up; 占 while; in contrast; on the other hand 而 then; onwards; afterwards 然后 compared with 比 reach the peak 达到最高点 hit the bottom 降到最低点,图表写作,图表写作例二,根据图表描述该市 住房产权的变化 2. 分析产生这些变化 的原因 3. 说明这些变化对个 人和社会产生的影响,Direction: Write a composition entitled “Changes of the Ownership of Houses” based o

15、n the following chart and outlines given in Chinese with no less than 150 words.,%,(year),1990 2000 2010,The period 1990-2010 saw the rise and fall in the ownership of houses in a big city. As can be seen from the graph, the percentage of state-owned houses in this city dropped considerably from 75%

16、 in 1990 to 20% in 2010 while the corresponding figures for private houses rose dramatically, from 25% to 80% over the same period. (59 words),图表写作(现象),The fluctuation in the ownership of houses can be accounted for by a couple of factors. First, the boom of the urban economy has resulted in the inc

17、rease of family income and the improvement of family economic conditions has led to the changes of peoples minds. Today, the concept of “buy now and pay late” has been widely accepted, which has remarkably promoted the purchase of private houses. Besides, government has implemented a series of new p

18、olicies which provide residents with subsidies and loans to encourage their real estate investment. These policies make it easier for residents to buy their own houses.,The change in the ownership of houses has a significant impact on both society and individuals. For one thing, they get the country

19、 to buy and in return give impetus to the further development of our economy. For another, residents will improve their living conditions and enjoy a better life. In a word, they are the evidence of both rising living standard and better economy.,图表写作(影响),图表写作例三,Directions：Write an essay “The Change

20、s in Energy Demand and Energy Available” based on the following chart with no less than 150 words.,简单描述图表趋势 说明变化的原因 对节约能源提出建议,The period 19852005 witnessed （saw; eyed) the rise and fall in terms of energy demand and energy available. As can be seen from the chart, the energy demand increased drastic

21、ally from 5 units (5 billion) in 1985 to over 7 units in 2005 while energy available dropped considerably from 3.5 units to a little over 2 units over the same period. The changes in energy demand and energy available can be accounted for by a couple of factors. For one thing, For another Above all

22、To reverse this trend and to save energy is on the agenda to any government. One way we should take into account is (self-denial). Another way to be considered is (efficiency). The best way to save energy relies on (market) （120 words）,图表写作框架,Direction: Write a composition entitled “Boom of Adult Ed

23、ucation” based on the following chart and outlines given in Chinese with no less than 150 words.,请描述图表中成人 教育的变化 2. 分析导致该变化的 原因 3. 谈谈你对成人教育 的看法,图表写作例四,The bar chart unveils that the number of continuing education participants has kept increasing from 1992 to 2007 in X city. In 1992 there were only 20

24、0,000 people taking part in the continuing education while in 2007 this,图表写作(现象),figure surged to 2,100,000. It can be seen easily that continuing education is gaining more and more popularity.,The boom in adult education can be explained by a number of factors. Firstly, during the work many people

25、begin to realize what they have learned in schools is far from enough. So they turn to further education to gain more knowledge and skills. Besides, as science and technology is developing very so fast, adults after graduation have to refresh themselves. Moreover, some seek a higher degree because i

26、n modern society those without bachelors degrees or above are less competitive.,图表写作(原因),Personally, it is quite positive for people to pursue further study in adult education. It provides on-the-job people with chances to get advanced degrees and gain more knowledge. There is no doubt, as our socie

27、ty develops, more and more people will continue their study in the future.,图表写作(观点),54%,27%,15%,4%,Employment,postgraduate,Overseas Study,Others,Directions: Write a composition on the topic Choices after Graduation. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the chart and the

28、outline given in Chinese below: 1. 根据下图描述某高校近两年 (2009-2010) 毕业生去向分布情况 2. 分析这样分布的原因 3. 你的看法,图表写作例五,The chart reveals the choices on graduation in a university in the years 2009 and 2010. The students who found jobs accounted for over half. In contrast, students who pursued their further study either

29、at home and abroad took up 27% and 15% respectively. Only 4% of them remained undecided. Indeed, this phenomenon is not uncommon in other universities.,图表写作,The following factors can account for the choices of graduates. First, with the extension of university admission, college graduates are facing

30、 a heavy employment pressure, which forces them to find another way out. Besides, some students are keenly interested in their majors and university is a good place to do more research and study. If they stay here for another couple of years, they will surely get further insights into the field where the