高考英语语法复习课件-情态动词[课件].ppt

1、,情态动词 modal verbs,1.-Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考题） A. must B. can C. need D. may 2.It has been announced that candidates(候选人) _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海高考题） A. can B.will C. may D. shall 3.-I hear

2、d they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (2002北京高考题） -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be,情态动词,表示推测,不表示推测,can could may might shall should must will would ought to,have to dare (darent) need (neednt) used to,I darent ask her for

3、a rise. 我不敢请求她加薪. How did you dare to tell her that? I wonder whether he dare stand up in public. I dont know how she dares to wear that dress. Do you need any help? I wonder whether he need send it immediately. I need hardly tell you that the work is dangerous. The garden doesnt need watering at th

4、e moment. You neednt finish that work today.,可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare,情态动词 (+动词原形),行为动词,.,need,dare,1.无人称和数的变化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或与hardly, never, no one, nobody连用;,3.常以neednt 和darent 的形式出现;,4.dare有其过去时dared.,多用于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do (sth.) need to be done (sth.) need do

5、ing,判断正误:,How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?,He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he? He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease. Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.,These dishes need

6、be cleaned carefully. These dishes need to be cleaned carefully. These dishes need cleaning carefully.,注意对need问句的回答: -Need I finish the work today? -Yes, _. No, _. No, _.,you must,you neednt,you dont have to,neednt 对其它情态动词的回答: -Shall I tell John about it? -No, you _. -Must we do it now? -No, you _.,

7、neednt (dont have to),neednt (dont have to),表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here. 2. He must have known what we wanted. 3. We may have read the same report. 4. He cant have slept through all that noise. 5. Theres someone outside-who can it be? 6. What can they be doin

8、g? 7. These pills might help to cure your disease. 8. You could be right, I suppose.,表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测 可能的推测 否定的推测 疑问的推测,must/should,对将来 对现在 对过去,情态动词,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done 常见must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done

9、+ be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。 3. The road is wet. It _ last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you. 你妈妈一定一直在找你。,may,must be marking,must have rained,must have been looking,

10、5. Philip _ seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤. 6. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (go) by bus. 7. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐 公共汽车来上班的。,may (might) have been hurt,may (might) have gone,cant have found,高考考题: 1

11、. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have

12、been,B,D,B,4. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 5. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. could,D,C,不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层

13、次排列： He is at home. (事实) He must be at home.（非常肯定的推断） He could be at home.（很可能） He ought to be at home.（很可能） He may be at home.（仅仅可能而已） He might be at home.（或许, 非常不确定） He might not be at home.（也许不在家） He may not be at home. （比might可能） He couldnt be at home.（很可能不在家） He cant be at home.（一定不在家） He isnt

14、at home.（事实）,在不表示推测的情态动词中, 我们要注意以下考点:,1. 表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。 2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法。 3. shall 和 will 的多种意义的区别。 4. 情态动词短语的使用。 5. 虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。,表示能力: can, could, be able to *be able to 能用于各种时态。 can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。 *was / were able to : “设法做成某事” 相当于 managed to do sth. succeeded in doing sth.。,1. 表示能力、许可的情态

15、动词的用法。,1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not,2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to,A,D,3. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months. A. ca

16、n B. could C. may D. be able to 4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people. A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able to,D,A,表示许可: may / might, can / could * might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句. * can, may 表达的语言比较随便. * 在以could, might 表示征询对方意见 或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may.,5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of cour

17、se you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should 6. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. can,C,A,2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法: 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点 之一。,mustnt 不准, 禁止 neednt 没必要 ( = dont have to ) cant 不能; 不可能 may not 不可以; 可能不 shouldnt 不应该 ( = ought not to ),7. You _ return the book now

18、. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not 8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldnt,C,B,9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt

19、 B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont 10. -May I pick a flower in the garden? - _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wont,B,C,情态动词：shall, will 的多种意义:,shall / will+ 动词原形:,* shall 可表示必须、命令、 警告或征询意见.,* will 可表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句 中表示请求和建议.,* 均可表示将来。 过去时为 should, would.,3.,11. He _ be

20、 punished if he disobeys. 如果他不服从, 就要受到惩罚. 12. We are not going to quarrel at all if you _ only let me speak. 只要你让我说话, 我们根本就不会吵架. 13. -Sir, _ he go or stay? -Let him go. A. will B. shall C. might D. could,shall,will,B,14. The door _ open. 这门经常打不开. 15. Ronald _ stay in his small garden for a long time

21、 every day in the past. A. could B. might C. should D. would 16. You _ have the book after I read it. 我看完以后一定把这本书给你.,wont,D,shall,4. 情态动词短语的使用:,would like to do would rather do would rather + 从句 would prefer to do. had better do.,改错: 1. Would you like having some tea? 2. Id prefer going to the lectu

22、re this evening. 3. Id rather you to go to the meeting. 4. He would rather to die than to give in. 5. Youd better to have your hair cut today.,Would you like to have some tea?,Id prefer to go to ., you went to .,He would rather die than give in.,Youd better have .,5. 用于虚拟语气的情态动词:,should might could would neednt ought to,情态动词考题:,1. Put on more clothes. You be feeling cold with onl