九年级被动语态课件.ppt

1、,被动语态详解 The Passive Voice,被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由be+过去分词（及物动词）构成，时态通过be表现出来。,His brother washes bowls every day,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,改为被动语态,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory

2、. 一般现在时：,变为被动语态,S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in cla

3、ss.,These machines are made in Beijing.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday .,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.,一般过去时：,S+was/were +过去分词,They built the tall building last year. He t

4、ook good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by th

5、em.,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,3.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.,一般将来时： will S + shall + be + 过去分词 be going to,We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos i

6、n the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster is going to give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk is going to be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,4Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be tak

7、en good care of by Amy.,情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.

8、,English should be learned well by them.,Exercises： 1.Many people speak English. 2.People used knives for cutting things. 3.We can use the box as a table. 4.We should clean the classroom every day. 5.She will repair the bike tomorrow.,English is spoken by many people.,Knives were used (by people) fo

9、r cutting things.,The box can be used as a table (by us).,The classroom should be cleaned (by us) every day.,The bike will be repaired (by her) tomorrow.,下列时态的被动语态构成 1.Lucy is watering the trees. 2.We have finished our compositions.,看一看 想一想,Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being

10、 painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时： 过去完成时： 情态动词：,am/is /are done,will/shall be done; be going to be done,am/is/are bei

11、ng done was/were being done,has/have been done had been done,was/were done,各种时态的被动语态构成,can/may/must/should. be done,知识拓 展,思考 1：将下列的主动句变为被动语态：,We gave him some books. He . Some books .,was given some books (by us),were given to him (by us),小 结 1 ：,带有双宾语（宾语既有人又有物）的被动结构是: （1）将间接宾语(人)变为主语，直接宾语(物)不变。 （2）

12、将直接宾语(物)变为主语，一般要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.,一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 例: I showed her several special stamps she was showed several special stamps. Several special stamps were showed to her. 一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如： build, bu

13、y, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 例：Mother made me a new skirt. / A new skirt was made for me. The meat was cooked for us. Some country music was played for us. 有些既不用to 也不用for, 根据动词与介词的搭配关系。 例： He asked me a question. A question was asked of me.

14、,思 考 2：,I usually hear her sing English songs in the morning. She in the morning.,is usually heard to sing English songs,He makes her horse work all day. Her horse all day. My father let me go out for a picnic. I out for a picnic.,is made to work,was let to go,小 结 2 ：,一些特殊结构的被动结构: （1）感觉动词(hear, see等

15、)改被动语态 （2）使役动词(let, make, have等)改被动语态,如动词为 make, have ,let, see, watch, notice, listen to, look at, observe 等，后接 宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动 语态时要加上“to” 。如： I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree.,有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 不及物动词+ 介词 如: ag

16、ree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It neednt be talked about. 及物动词+ 副词 如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn

17、down, work out, turn out 等。 His request was turned down. The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather. 动词+ 名词+ 介词 如：make use of, pay attention to, take care of等。 1) We take good care of the books. The books are taken good care of. / Good care is taken of the book.,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。 1.The

18、students listen to the teacher carefully in class. . 2. They look after the new students in the school. 3. They make us do all the work. 4.We often hear her sing songs. 5. I saw him walk to school. 6. My mother bought me a computer.,The new students are looked after by them in the school.,The teache

19、r is listened to carefully by the students in class.,We are made to do all the work by them.,She is often heard to sing songs by us.,He was seen to walk to school by me.,被动1 I was bought a computer by my mother . 被动2 A computer was bought for me by my mother.,在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如： 据说It

20、 is said that 据报导 It is reported that 据推测 It is supposed that 希望It is hoped that 众所周知It is well known that 普遍认为It is generally considered that 有人建议It is suggested that 1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.,下列情况主动句不能改为被

21、动句： 第一，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie,等。一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to, come true lose heart 等。 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen. 误：The sun had already been risen. After the earthquake, few houses remained. 误：After the earthquake

22、, few houses were remained. The fire broke out in the capital building. 误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.,第二，感官系动词无被动语态。（一般用主动形式表示被动含义）如：feel， look, seem, smell, taste, sound, become 等。 Do you like the material? Yes, it feels very soft. 误：It is felt very soft. The food tastes delicio

23、us. 误：The food is tasted delicious. The pop music sounds beautiful. 误：The pop music is sounded beautiful. 第三，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, fit，benefit, lack, own等。如： He entered the room and got his book. 误：The room was entered and his book was got. She had her hand burned. 误：Her hand was h

24、ad burned.,第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，不定式等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如： I taught myself English. 误：Myself was taught English. We love each other. 误：Each other is loved. 第六，当动词表示事物的自然属性，不用被动。 The pen writes fast This kind of sweater sells well,Answer right or wrong 1.必须照看好孩子们。 The children must be taken good care .( ) The children must be taken good care of .( ) 2.这本书是鲁迅写的。/3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。 This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( ) This book was written by Lu Xun.( ) 3.That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( ) That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( ),W,R,W,R,W,R,4.这辆自行车能修吗？ Can this bike mended?( ) Can this