英语词汇学 Unit 05 Pragmatic meaning

1、English lexicology unit 5，pragmatic meaning of words，content，Pragmatic meaning 3360 an introduction character istics of pragmatmatic(meaning in use)“what did you say？”-the speaker did not hear。(semantic meaning)-a challenge to repeat sth . that will not find favour。(pragmatic meaning)Get incredibly

2、cold getto do 3360 I got him to do the job。receive、become、cause、extra-linguistic context、Extra-linguistic context is the actual speech situation in which a which.Jake，And then all the students but John laughed . then John laughed . then one of the students says 3360 Johns really quick .(quick is use

3、d irk N the opposite slow)，extra-linguistic context，The extra-linguistic context may extend to include The entire cultultscustomers are not allowed to take dogs into the shop。(western culture)The butcher apologizes for having run out of dog meat。(Chinese culture)，the importance of context in elimina

4、ting Ambiguity，Ambiguity refers to a word，a phrase，A sentence withHe painted a tree。Homonymy(谐音)。the ball was attractive . grammatical structure . visiting relatives may be boring .不吃鸡。/约翰选了三个蛀牙。character istics of pragmatic Meaning，Etymological subsidiarity原语属性Subjective experientiality主观体验性Meaning

5、 uncertainty语义不确定性Conceptual(motheel In/a female parent)H-beam(I-beam)、O-ring(环)、T-shirt(短袖圆领衬衫)、U-beam，Subjective experientiality主观体验，pragmatic meaning carries strong personal feeling because of different individuals personal experience(佩服)b . we felt ashamed for your bravery in the fight with your

6、 class mate。(讽刺)，Meaning uncertainty的语义不确定性，Pragmatic Meaning is uncertain when factors such as age，nationality，time，place，Pragmatic Meaning is uncertain when factors such as ageThe bird was delicious。(turkey)broadening approximation this coat cost 1，000 dollars。(about 1，000)metaphorical extension F

7、ederer is the new Sam pras。(gifted tennis player)，conceptual temporal ity概念临时，we can buy favor But wecant buy happiness with money。(ob tain/exchange)she opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy。(zeugma conjugate)Contextual interdependency上下文共生，a. Words pay no debts。(空言)b . he is the mouth o

8、f the house in its relations with the crown.class ification of pragmatic meaning，imitative meaning的原型Opposite meaning的半实物Broadened or narrowed meaning增量Distortional meaning扭曲，和(水土不服)a cat has nine lives。every life has is Opposite meaning反义，Its very considerate of you to sing so loudly while I was as

9、leep . the cheque fluttered to the floor like a birdher present，her lovely present。with trembling fingers she tore it into little bits。broadened or narrows All doctors drink . I have a temperature the earth is flat。distortion al meaning扭曲，what does that lawyer do after he dies？lies till . why is a m

10、arathon er a good student？because education pays off in the long run。Viet namese war was a drain on American resources，communicative function of pragmatic meanic Constructing rhetorical devices是一种修辞手段，ExplainingConstructing rhetorical devices，Personification拟人化fear knocked on the door . faith answer

11、ed . there was no one there . the leaves danced in thePun双管seven days without water makes one weak . which lager can claim to be truly german？Thiscan。(beer ad .)，constructing rhetorical devices，Metaphor隐喻the rain came down in long knitting needles . mens words are bullets that their enemies take uusMetonymy取代了the white house has issued a statement、explaining anomalous phenom