新视界大学英语4_Unit4

1、,watch a video clip about what forrest gumps mother tell him when she was dying.,warming up,warming up, read the quotations about money and answer the questions.,warming up,warming up,1 which of them are easy to understand? 2 which of them are similar in meaning? 3 which of them do you agree with? 4

2、 which of them are warnings? 5 which one recommends spending? 6 which one recommends saving?,warming up, work in groups of three or four and discuss the questions.,1 what do you spend your money on? 2 are you careful about how you spend it? 3 what do you think is the best way to invest money? 4 if y

3、ou won a lot of money, what would you do with it?,warming up, check () the advice you expect an intelligent older person to give to a young man., 1 be honest with yourself. 2 devote yourself to loving others. 3 enjoy yourself while you can. 4 money cant buy you love. 5 look after the pennies and the

4、 pounds will look after themselves.,now read the passage by mitch albom and find out what morrie says to him.,skimming,browse the passage within 8 minutes to get a rough idea about it. answer the questions of activity 2 and 3 on page 71.,task,skimming, check () the true statements about morrie., 1 m

5、orrie is very ill. 2 he is an emotional person. 3 he has lost interest in the pleasures of life. 4 he used to be very interested in material things. 5 he has been thinking about money a lot. 6 he cant afford to buy anything new for his house. 7 he does volunteer work in a local senior centre. 8 he t

6、hinks people have the wrong values. 9 he believes in the power of love.,the true statements are 1, 2, 8 and 9.,skimming, answer the questions.,what has happened to morries interest in music since he became ill? in what way does morrie think american people have been brainwashed? 3 in what way does m

7、orrie think material things and love are connected?,morries interest in music has got even more intense.,american people are made to believe that material things are the most important and the more, the better.,they are not connected, you cannot substitute material things for love.,skimming,what hap

8、pened the day morrie discovered he was terminally ill? how has morries house changed since that day? 6 how does morrie distinguish between “wants” and “needs”?,he lost interest in buying things.,it has not changed physically as he stopped buying things, but it has become a wealthy home, filled with

9、love, friendship, family, honesty, tears, colleagues, students and so on.,“wants” are luxuries whereas “needs” are necessary.,skimming,what advice does morrie give the narrator? 8 why does the narrator take notes of the conversation he has with morrie?,to offer others what you have to give.,mostly b

10、ecause he doesnt want morrie to see his eyes and understand what he is thinking.,tuesdays with morrie,译文,digging,1 morrie was focused. there were good days and bad days now. he was having a good day. the night before, he had been entertained by a local a cappella group that had come to the house to

11、perform, and he relayed the story excitedly, as if the ink spots themselves had dropped by for a visit. morries love for music was strong even before he got sick, but now it was so intense, it moved him to tears. he would listen to opera sometimes at night, closing his eyes, riding along with the ma

12、gnificent voices as they dipped and soared.,background information,digging,2 “you should have heard this group last night, mitch. such a sound!” 3 morrie had always been taken with simple pleasures, singing, laughing, dancing. now, more than ever, material things held little or no significance. when

13、 people die, you always hear the expression “you cant take it with you.” morrie seemed to know that a long time ago.,译文,digging,4 “weve got a form of brainwashing going on in our country,” morrie sighed. “do you know how they brainwash people? they repeat something over and over. and thats what we d

14、o in this country. owning things is good. more money is good. more property is good. more commercialism is good. more is good. more is good. we repeat itand have it repeated to usover and over until nobody bothers to even think otherwise. the average person is so fogged up by all this, he has no per

15、spective on whats really important anymore.,译文,digging,5 “wherever i went in my life, i met people wanting to gobble up something new. gobble up a new car. gobble up a new piece of property. gobble up the latest toy. and then they wanted to tell you about it. guess what i got? guess what i got?,译文,d

16、igging,6 “you know how i always interpreted that? these were people so hungry for love that they were accepting substitutes. they were embracing material things and expecting a sort of hug back. but it never works. you cant substitute material things for love or for gentleness or for tenderness or f

17、or a sense of comradeship.,译文,digging,7 “money is not a substitute for tenderness, and power is not a substitute for tenderness. i can tell you, as im sitting here dying, when you most need it, neither money nor power will give you the feeling youre looking for, no matter how much of them you have.”

18、,译文,digging,8 i glanced around morries study. it was the same today as it had been the first day i arrived. the books held their same places on the shelves. the papers cluttered the same old desk. the outside rooms had not been improved or upgraded. in fact, morrie really hadnt bought anything new e

19、xcept medical equipment in a long, long time, maybe years. the day he learned that he was terminally ill was the day he lost interest in his purchasing power.,译文,digging,9 so the tv was the same old model, the car that charlotte drove was the same old model, the dishes and the silverware and the tow

20、els all the same. and yet the house had changed so drastically. it had filled with love and teaching and communication. it had filled with friendship and family and honesty and tears. it had filled with colleagues and students and meditation teachers and therapists and nurses and a cappella groups.

21、it had become, in a very real way, a wealthy home, even though morries bank account was rapidly depleting.,译文,digging,10 “theres a big confusion in this country over what we want versus what we need,” morrie said. “you need food, you want a chocolate sundae. you have to be honest with yourself. you

22、dont need the latest sports car, you dont need the biggest house. 11 the truth is, you dont get satisfaction from those things. you know what really gives you satisfaction?” what? 12 “offering others what you have to give.” 13 you sound like a boy scout.,译文,digging,14 “i dont mean money, mitch. i me

23、an your time. your concern. its not so hard. theres a senior center that opened near here. dozens of elderly people come there every day. if youre a young man or young woman and you have a skill, you are asked to come and teach it. say you know computers. you come there and teach them computers. you

24、 are very welcome there. and they are very grateful. this is how you start to get respect, by offering something that you have.,digging,15 “there are plenty of places to do this. you dont need to have a big talent. there are lonely people in hospitals and shelters who only want some companionship. y

25、ou play cards with a lonely older man and you find new respect for yourself, because you are needed. “remember what i said about finding a meaningful life? i wrote it down, but now i can recite it: devote yourself to loving others, devote yourself to your community around you, and devote yourself to

26、 creating something that gives you purpose and meaning.,digging,16 “you notice,” he added, grinning, “theres nothing in there about a salary.” 17 i jotted some of the things morrie was saying on a yellow pad. i did this mostly because i didnt want him to see my eyes, to know what i was thinking, tha

27、t i had been, for much of my life since graduation, pursuing these very things he had been railing against bigger toys, nicer house. because i worked among rich and famous athletes, i convinced myself that my needs were realistic, my greed inconsequential compared to theirs.,digging,18 this was a sm

28、okescreen. morrie made that obvious. “mitch, if youre trying to show off for people at the top, forget it. they will look down on you anyhow. and if youre trying to show off for people at the bottom, forget it. they will only envy you. status will get you nowhere. only an open heart will allow you t

29、o float equally between everyone.” 19 he paused, then looked at me. “ im dying, right?” yes. ,1. morrie had always been taken with simple pleasures (line 1, para 3),morrie had all his life enjoyed simple pleasures ,difficult sentences,difficult sentences,2. and have it repeated to us over and over u

30、ntil nobody bothers to even think otherwise. (line 8, para 4),we have become indoctrinated to think more is good. it is said so often that it becomes part of our way of thinking and we no longer wonder whether it is true or not.,difficult sentences,3. the average person is so fogged up by all this,

31、he has no perspective on whats really important anymore. (line 10, para 4),the sentence implies that false ideas, such as commercialism and materialism, prevent people from understanding the truth. fog up: the expression is used metaphorically in the sentence. literally, it means water condensation

32、on a window making it hard to see through, or on eye glasses when people move from cold to warmer air.,difficult sentences,4. they were embracing material things and expecting a sort of hug back. (line 3, para 6),the writer is playing with two different senses of “embrace”, to accept something such

33、as a new belief, idea or way of life, and to put ones arms around someone to show love or friendship. the sentence means that people were making possessions the main point of their lives, and expected to be rewarded for this by being happier.,difficult sentences,5. the books held their same places o

34、n the shelves. (line 3, para 8),held their same places: remained in the same places,difficult sentences,6. the dishes and the silverware and the towels all the same. (line 3, para 9),silverware (ame): knives and forks or cutlery (bre). 7 “the truth is, you dont get satisfaction from those,difficult

35、sentences,morries words are given in speech marks. “what?” is the writers response. as it is thought and not spoken, no speech marks are used.,7. “the truth is, you dont get satisfaction from those things. you know what really gives you satisfaction?” what? (para 11),difficult sentences,morrie point

36、s out, in case there is any doubt, that he is talking about helping people as an act of kindness, not something you are paid to do.,8. “theres nothing in there about a salary.” (line 1, para 16),difficult sentences,here “toys”, as before, equal consumer / electronic goods we do not really need. a yo

37、ung man might desire a motorbike, an older man a car, and a successful man a boat. once we have one thing, we want something else, bigger or better.,9. pursuing these very things he had been railing against bigger toys, nicer house. (line 5, para 17),difficult sentences,the paragraph says that perpe

38、ndicular status systems, which mean people are above or below us, do not bring happiness. doing good and being kind is more of a horizontal system and makes people equal.,10. status will get you nowhere. only an open heart will allow you to float equally between everyone. (line 6, para 18),relay,释义,

39、vt. to communicate information, news, or a message to someone 传递，传达（信息、新闻等）,例句,terry relayed the offer to his boss.,特里将开出的价格传达给了老板。,翻译,words,例句,will you relay a message to him when you see him?,你见到他时，给他带个口信好吗？,翻译,释义,v. to move or move something downwards 下降，降下,words,例句,the sun dipped below the horiz

40、on.,太阳落到了地平线下。,翻译,例句,blake jumped in and the boat dipped slightly under his weight.,布莱克跳上船，他的重量使小船微微向下沉。,翻译,dip,释义,vi. to breathe out slowly making a long soft sound, especially because you are disappointed, tired, annoyed, or relaxed 叹气，叹息,words,例句,russ sighed deeply and looked at the ceiling.,拉斯深深

41、地叹了口气，眼睛望着天花板。,翻译,例句,dad sighed and stood up.,爸爸叹了口气站了起来。,翻译,sigh,释义,v. (infml) ( up) to eat something quickly and often noisily 狼吞虎咽，大口地吃,words,例句,we gobbled up all of the cake in one evening.,我们一个晚上就把所有蛋糕吃得精光。,翻译,例句,we watched max gobble up a whole pizza by himself.,我们亲眼看见max狼吞虎咽地一个人吃下了一整个匹萨饼。,翻译,

42、gobble,释义,vt. to ill a space or room with too many things, so that it looks very untidy 乱堆，塞满,例句,their apartment was cluttered with photographs and books.,他们的公寓里堆满了照片和书。,翻译,words,例句,翻译,empty soft-drink cans clutter the desks.,空饮料罐胡乱地堆在桌上。,clutter,释义,vt. to reduce the amount of something or the numbe

43、r of things 减少，削减,例子,翻译,words,例句,the drought has depleted the supply of water.,翻译,干旱使给供水大为减少。,salmon populations have been severely depleted recently.,最近三文鱼的数量严重减少。,deplete,释义1,n. sing, u a situation in which you mistake one person or thing for another 混淆，错认,例句,dan says there has been a lot of confu

44、sion between his name and his brothers.,丹说人们经常把他和他弟弟的名字弄混。,翻译,words,例句,翻译,could there have been a confusion of identities?,会不会是认错人了？,confusion,释义2,n. u a feeling that you do not understand something or cannot decide what to do 迷惑，困惑,例句,we always left his office in a state of confusion.,我们总是一头雾水地离开他的

45、办公室。,翻译,words,例句,omissions in my recent article must have caused confusion.,我最近一篇文章中的几处省略肯定造成了困惑。,翻译,confusion,some confusion has retained about who can join the association. (jun. 1992, cet4, vocabulary and structure ),真题,释义,v. to say a poem or story that you have learnt to an audience 背诵,例句,as a y

46、oung child, she often recite line from the ancient ode.,小时候她经常背诵古赋里的辞句。,翻译,words,例句,he could recite the names of all the chemical elements.,他能够背下所有化学元素的名字。,翻译,recite,释义,vi. ( against) to express strong anger about something 谴责，抱怨,例句,i cursed him and railed against the difficult life.,我诅咒他并且抱怨这种艰难的生活

47、。,翻译,words,rail,例句,during his sermon, the priest railed against greed.,那位牧师在布道的时候谴责了贪欲。,翻译,释义,n. u a strong wish to have more money, things, or power than you need 贪婪，贪心,例句,greed is the parent of many evils.,贪婪是万恶之源。,翻译,words,例句,his greed knows no limit.,翻译,他的贪心永无止境。,greed,释义,to make a short visit s

48、omewhere 顺便访问,phrases,例句,翻译,he dropped by my office this morning.,今天早晨他到我办公室串门来了。,例句,翻译,ive got to drop by the shop to do some shopping.,我得顺便到商店买点东西。,drop by,释义,例句,翻译,她非常喜欢这座城堡。,she was very much taken with the castle.,phrases,例句,翻译,i was taken with her program.,我非常喜欢她的节目。,be taken with,释义,例句,翻译,谁先开

49、始争吵对法庭的最终判决不重要。,who started the quarrel first holds little significance to the finial judgment in court.,phrases,例句,翻译,we need to do away with these age-old customs that hold no significance now.,我们需要废除那些不重要的旧传统。,hold little / no significance,释义,例句,翻译,做这道菜时你可以用西兰花代替卷心菜。,you can substitute broccoli f

50、or cabbage in the recipe.,phrases,例句,翻译,they were substituting violence for dialogue.,他们在用暴力取代对话。,substitute sth for sth,some hard plastics can be substituted for metals in manufacturing machine parts. (jun. 1990, cet4, vocabulary and structure),真题,释义,例句,翻译,phrases,例句,翻译,fill with,街道上很快就挤满了愤怒的抗议者。,q

51、uickly the streets began to fill with angry protesters.,his black bag was filled with medicines.,他的黑包里装满了药。,释义,例句,翻译,phrases,例句,翻译,devote oneself to sth,她欣然辞去了兼职工作，全身心地投入到她的艺术中去。,she gladly gave up her part-time job to devote herself entirely to her art.,few people are able to devote themselves full

52、y to their career.,很少有人能够完全献身于自己的事业。,释义,例句,翻译,phrases,例句,翻译,show off,炫耀自己引以为傲的东西是人的本性。,its human nature to show off things you are proud of.,she loved cars, and was keen to show off any new purchase.,她喜欢各式汽车，而且喜欢显示自己新买的车。,1 莫里很专注。眼下总是有如意的日子和不如意的日子。莫里今天很开心。前一天晚上，他欣赏了当地无伴奏合唱团在他家中进行的演出。他激动地向我讲述这件事，就像是大

53、名鼎鼎的“墨迹斑斑”乐队来过他家似的。在生病之前，莫里就非常喜欢音乐，而现在这种喜爱之情更加强烈，甚至会让他感动得落泪。晚上他有时会听歌剧，闭上眼睛，让思绪随着美妙的歌声起起伏伏。,translation,原文,相约星期二,2 “米奇，你昨晚真应该来听他们的演唱。真是天籁般的声音！ ” 3 唱歌、欢笑、跳舞，莫里一直都喜欢这些简单的乐趣。对他来说，物质的东西意义不大或根本没有任何意义。以前如此，现在更是如此。你总能听到人们在弥留之际说“你带不走钱财。”莫里好像很久以前就明白了这一点。,translation,原文,4 “在我们国家有一种洗脑的方法，”莫里叹了口气说。“你知道他们是怎么给人们洗脑

54、的吗？通过一遍遍地重复。我们国家正是这样做的。拥有物质是好的，拥有更多钱财是好的，拥有更多财产是好的，越来越商业化是好的，越多越好，越多越好。我们不断重复这一点并且不断听别人对我们重复这一点一遍又一遍，直到没有人再萌生其他想法。普通人就这样被迷雾所笼罩，对于什么是真正重要的已经没有了自己的看法。,translation,原文,5 “生活中我随处都会碰到想要得到些新东西的人。得到一辆新车，得到新的房产，得到最新款式的玩物；然后他们就想跟你炫耀：“猜猜我得到什么了？猜猜我得到什么了？”,translation,原文,6 “你知道我一般怎么解释这一现象吗？这些人非常渴望得到爱，以至于他们可以接受爱的

55、替代品。在拥抱物质财富的时候，他们期待能得到幸福。但这永远都不可能发生。因为你不能用物质的东西代替爱、代替温情、代替柔情或者代替友情。,translation,原文,7 “钱取代不了柔情，权力也取代不了柔情。我坐在这里，已经奄奄一息，但我可以告诉你，钱或权力都无法带给你你需要的感觉，不管你有多少钱财或多大的权力。”,translation,原文,8 我看了看莫里的书房，与我来的第一天一样。书还是放在书架同样的位置上，文件还是堆在那张旧书桌上。外面的房间也没有什么改观或修缮。其实，相当长一段时间以来也许有几年了除了医疗设备外，莫里真的没买什么新的东西。从得知自己患绝症的那天起，他就对自己的购买力

56、失去了兴趣。,translation,原文,9 所以，电视还是那台老式电视，夏洛特开的汽车还是那部旧式汽车，餐具、刀叉和毛巾也都没变。然而，这所房子也已发生了巨大的变化。它充满了爱、教诲和交流，它充满了友情、亲情、真诚和泪水，它经常高朋满座同事、学生、禅师、治疗专家、护士和无伴奏合唱团。即使莫里银行账户中的钱在迅速减少，这个家已经实实在在地成为了一个富裕的家庭。,translation,原文,10 在这个国家，人们根本分不清我们想要什么和我们需要什么，”莫里说。“你需要食物，但你想要一个巧克力圣代。你必须诚实地面对自己。你并不需要最新式的跑车，你也并不需要最大的房子。 11“事实是，你从那些东

57、西中得不到满足。你知道什么能真正让你得到满足吗？”什么？ 12“是给别人你应该给予的东西。” 13 你听口气像个童子军队员。,translation,原文,14 “我指的不是钱，米奇。我指的是你的时间，你对其他人、其他事的关注。这并不难，这附近开了一个老年中心，几十位老人每天都会来这里。如果你是一名年轻人，并且有技能，你可以来授课。比如说，你懂计算机，你就可以来教他们计算机。那里的老人会非常欢迎你的，他们也会感激你。你可以通过奉献自己所拥有的东西而得到尊重。,translation,原文,15 “很多地方都可以做这种工作。你不需要具备某种天赋。在医院和庇护所里，有些孤独的人只是希望有人陪陪他们

58、。当你和一个孤独的老人玩桥牌时，你会发现因为被需要而受到了新的尊重。“还记得我说过的关于追求有意义的生活的话吗？我曾把这些话写下来，但现在我都能背下来了：全身心投入地爱他人，全身心投入到你身边的社区，全身心投入地去创造让你觉得有目标、有意义的事物。,translation,16 他笑着补充说：“你会发现这其中根本不涉及什么薪水的问题。” 17 我在一个泛黄的便笺簿上记下了莫里说的某些话。我这样做主要是因为我不想让他看到我的眼睛，不想让他知道我的心思，不想让他知道，自从毕业后，我大部分的生活就是在追求这些被他一直谴责的东西更大的玩物、更好的房子。工作中和我交往的都是有钱的著名运动员，我说服自己说

59、我的需求是现实的，与他们相比，我的贪婪根本不值一提。,translation,18 但这些都是障眼烟雾，莫里让一切变得明了。“米奇，如果你想对社会顶层的人显摆，还是算了吧，他们反正也看不起你。如果你想对社会底层的人显摆，也算了吧，他们只会嫉妒你。社会地位不会带给你任何好处，只有敞开心扉才能让你享受平等的生活，自由自在。” 19 他停顿了一下，然后看着我。“我要死了，是吗？”我想是的。,translation,background information,the writer mitch albom (1958 ), a well-known american sports writer, had intended to keep in touch with a favourite professor morrie schwartz, but never actually did until one day years later he saw him on television and contacted him. he starts visiting the old man of 79, now confined to his wheelchair with his health fadin