高考主谓一致详解.ppt

1、06年高考语法复习系列二,主谓一致,1、用and连接两个并列成分； 2、介词with 伴随主语； 3、就近原则； 4、各种代词的主谓一致; 5、短语和从句作主语； 6、定语从句中的主谓一致。,高考考点分析,问题1： When and where to build the new factory _ yet. （1991 NMET） A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided,这个句子看上去是and连接的两个并列短语充当主语，本应用复数形式的谓语，但这两个短语表达的是同一事件的两个方面，可

2、以看成是一个整体，因此使用单数的谓语动词；而从句意可判断此句谓语动词需使用被动语态，,归纳一： 1两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词用and连接，谓语用复数 Tom and Dick are good friends. 但若表示一个集合体时则用单数。 A singer and dancer was present at the party. The worker and writer is talking to the students。 Bread and butter tastes good. 类似的表达式有： ( a needle and thread, a horse and cart,

3、a watch and chain, a coat and tie, truth and honesty, medical help and cure),2用 and 连接的两个名词若被 no, each, every, many a 修饰，则谓语动词用单数。 No bird and no beast is seen in the bare island. Many a boy and many a girl has made such a funny experiment. At Christmas each boy and each girl is given a present. 3.

4、如果 and 后面加 no 或 not, 谓语也用单数形式， My friend, and not hers, is chosen to join the army. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.,问题2： A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift . （1990NMET） A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered,主语后有as well as, like, with, toget

5、her with, but, except, besides,等，谓语应于前面主语保持一致 A professor, together with some students, was sent to help in the work. No one but the teachers is allowed to use the room.,问题3： Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. (1989 ) A. is B. are C. am D. be,以连词or, ei

6、theror , neither nor, there be, not onlybut also 连接的复合主语，其谓语与其相邻的那个名词的数保持一致。 e.g. You or I am to be invited.,问题4： Nobody but Jane _the secret. (1986) A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known,either, neither, each, every 或no + 单数名词和由some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词都作单数看待。 Each of us has a new pen . E

7、verything around us is matter.,问题5： The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons . (1996 NMET) A. were, was B. was , was C. was, were D. were; were.,a number of 表示“很多”的意思，修饰可数名词的复数。the number of表示“数量，号码”作主语，其谓语动词用单数形式。,问题6： _ of the southern hemisphere (南

8、半球) _ with water. A. Four-five; is covered B. Four-fifths; is covered C. Four-fifth, are covered D. Four-fifths, are covered.,由“a lot of , (lots of, plenty of, the rest of ) +名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 Three-fourths of the surface is sea .,问题7： All but one _ here just now

9、. (1997 NMET) A. is B .was C. have been D. were,what, who, which, any, more, most, all 等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要依意思而定。 Which is your pen ? 哪是你的笔？ Which are your pens?哪些是你们的笔？ B) All can be done has been done . All have gone to the park .,问题8： He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship

10、for three years. (02上海春) A. is B. are C. have been D. has been,who, which, that 作定语从句的主语时，其谓语取决于先行词。 Those who want to go should sign your names here. He is one of the students who have passed the exam. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.,问题9： Mathematics _ the language of sc

11、ience. (1978 ) A. is B. are going to be C. are,以-ics结尾的学科名词，如“mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, 等，形式上为复数，实际为单数，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 另外：复数名词用作书，电影、戏剧、报刊、国家等名称时，谓语动词用单数。 His “Selected Poems”_ first published in 1965. (78) A. were B. was C. has been,问题10 His family _ all football fans. A. is B. has

12、 been C. are being D. are,一些集体名词做主语，如果看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中的成员，谓语用复数但people, police, cattle等只能用复数 My family is a big family. My family are listening to the radio. The police are trying to catch the thief.,问题11 The rich _ not always happy. A. is B. has C. have D. are,形容词加定冠词 the 表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。 What a life the poor were living! The young are happy to give their seats to the old.,问题12 1. Growing vegetables _ constant watering. A. need B. are needed C. is needed D. needs2. What I say and think _ no business