29 - TeacherWeb.doc

1、29 CIVIL RIGHTS AND THE CRISIS OF LIBERALISM REVIEW AND TEST QUESTIONS MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What finally pushed the Kennedy administration to commit to federal legislation to end segregation and protect voting rights? a. the rulings of the Warren Court b. the riots in Northern cities c. the bus boycot

2、t in Montgomery, Alabama d. the violent repression of a non-violent demonstration in Birmingham, Alabama 2. The case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka concerned: a. prayers in public schools. b. federal aid to education. c. racial segregation in public schools. d. rights of the accused 3. Mar

3、tin Luther King Jr. rose to leadership in the civil rights movement during the 1950s. His strategies, different from the recent past, would become the primary techniques of the Civil Rights movement into the 1960s. What is the most accurate summary of this transition in the movement? a. Direct and o

4、ften violent confrontation replaced nonviolent passive resistance. b. Kings rhetorical skills on TV rather than organized action caught the nations attention. c. King appealed directly to President Eisenhower to lend his support to efforts to speed up desegregation. d. Kings proposed non-violent con

5、frontation rather than the NAACPs strategy of legal challenges to segregation in the courts. 4. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, according to your text, “marked one of the great moments in the history of American reform.” It did all of the following EXCEPT: a. required that persons accused of crimes be

6、 informed of their rights and allowed to consult a lawyer. b. banned discrimination in public facilities. c. banned discrimination in employment. c. protected the right to vote. 5. The Economic Opportunity Act, according to your text, was “the most sweeping social welfare bill since the New Deal.” I

7、ts provisions included all EXCEPT: a. the Job Corps. b. the Peace Corps. c. development loans to rural families and urban businesses. d. a billion dollars for a new Office of Economic Opportunity. 6. All of the following were elements of Johnsons “Great Society” programs, EXCEPT: a. a health insuran

8、ce program for the elderly. b. an anti-poverty program. c. an aid program for education. d. a funding program to return tax revenues to states. 7. The Immigration Act of 1965: a. extended the national origins quota system. b. abolished the national origins quota system. c. ended all immigration from

9、 Asia. d. lifted all restrictions on immigration from Latin America. 8. What happened to fashion in the 1960s? a. Due to new, cheaper fabrics, working-class people could mimic the dress of the rich. b. During the initial stages of the Vietnam War, military-style outfits became popular, but then orie

10、ntal styles took precedence as the war became unpopular. c. Dress became a symbol of individuality, as youth strove to dress as differently from each other as possible. d. Nonconformist costumes of the counterculture became standardized symbols of rebellion, but then were adopted as mainstream modes

11、 of dress. 9. One of the key concepts articulated in the “Port Huron Statement” of the Students for a Democratic Society was: a. bureaucratic efficiency. b. participatory democracy. c. Marxist ideological purity. d. personal moral autonomy. 10. In which place, in 1969, did all the positive forces of

12、 the counterculture come together to celebrate peace, love, and freedom? a. Monterey b. Altamont c. Chicago d. Woodstock 11. Which of the following civil rights organizations effectively used the nations judicial system to implement lasting change in America? a. NAACP b. SNCC c. CORE d. Black Panthe

13、rs 12. For the Kennedy administration, which of the following presented the most divisive issue that it had to face? a. the War in Vietnam b. the Civil Rights Movement c. class divisions in America d. labor union activism 13. Supreme Court decisions designed to protect the rights of citizens who had

14、 been accused but not yet convicted of a crime were intended to benefit which group in society? a. no group in particular. b. the poor c. immigrants d. African Americans COMPLETION 1.The liberal chief justice of the Supreme Court during the 1960s was Earl Warren. 2.Kennedy persuaded civil rights lea

15、ders to use their 1963 march in the city of Washington, D.C. to pressure Congress to support the Presidents civil rights bill. 3.“I Have a Dream,” the great landmark speech of the civil rights movement, was delivered from the Lincoln Memorial in 1963 by Martin Luther King Jr. 4.Stokely Carmichael wa

16、s the leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee who paradoxically rejected peaceful protest in favor of militancy and even violence in the 1960s. 5.An early protest effort, known as the free-speech campaign, gave the University of California at Berkeley its reputation as a center of ca

17、mpus protest. 6.The Supreme Court in 1954 ruled segregation in public schools unconstitutional. 7.After World War II, the NAACP used lawsuits or court action as its primary strategy to advance civil rights for African Americans. 8.Martin Luther King Jr. gained fame in the mid-1950s as the leader of

18、a bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama. 9.The first big test for desegregation came in the city of Little Rock, Arkansas, where President Eisenhower federalized the state National Guard when the Governor defied the court ruling. 30THE VIETNAM ERA 1. A group of typical U.S. soldiers in Vietnam would in

19、clude all EXCEPT: a. young men. b. draftees. c. poorly educated Americans. d. black or Hispanic Americans. 2. In a war with uncertain goalsto escalate until the other side negotiated a settlementwhat became the measure of U.S. military success? a. bombing damage assessments b. body counts c. territo

20、ry occupied by U.S. or South Vietnam forces d. opinion polls showing how many South Vietnamese supported their government 3. The Gulf of Tonkin resolution, as passed by: a. the Congress, authorized President Johnson to take any measure needed to repel attacks on U.S. forces. b. the Congress, blocked

21、 further commitment of U.S. ground troops without Congressional approval. c. the U.N. Security Council, called for both U.S. and North Vietnamese forces to withdraw from South Vietnam. d. the U.N. General Assembly, condemned U.S. aggression against the people of Vietnam. 4. Why couldnt Americas supe

22、rior technology prevail in Vietnam? a. Technology did not distinguish friend from foe. b. The U.S. never exploited its technological advantages. c. The Vietnamese peasants were more influenced by the terrorist attacks of the Vietcong than the incomprehensible machines of the Americans. d. Politician

23、s and the media refused to let the military use its technology effectively. 5. Which group was most likely to support the war? a. blue-collar workers b. teach-in participants c. Students for a Democratic Society d. SNCC and CORE 6. Why did President Kennedy push the space program? a. It would be for

24、 him a public relations gold mine. b. It would be for him a giant pork barrel to pay back his political supporters. c. If the race for space were lost, domestic reform might be lost. d. If the race for space were lost, the Cold War might be lost. 7. The most dramatic convert from supporter to oppone

25、nt of the Vietnam War was: a. the Secretary of Defense, Robert McNamara. b. the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Earl Wheeler. c. the commander of American forces in Vietnam, William Westmoreland. d. the U.S. ambassador to South Vietnam, Ellsworth Bunker. 8. For America, it was a great failure

26、 of foreign intelligence, a great tactical military success, and a great political defeat. It was: a. the Democratic convention of 1968. b. the War on Poverty. c. the Tet offensive. d. the theory of escalation. 9. All of the following “traumas” occurred in 1968 EXCEPT: a. the first big urban race ri

27、ot in Watts. b. the assassinations of Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King. c. confrontation in the streets during the Democratic convention. d. the Tet offensive in Vietnam. 10. The village of My Lai was the site of: a. the largest battle of the Tet offensive. b. a U.S. massacre of Vietnamese civi

28、lians. c. a North Vietnamese harbor mined by the U.S. d. a Marine barracks bombed by the Vietcong. 11. Who was NOT a Presidential candidate in the election of November 1968? a. Lyndon Johnson b. Richard Nixon c. George Wallace d. Hubert Humphrey 12. Richard Nixon in 1968 campaigned on a platform: a.

29、 endorsing protest and permissiveness. b. promoting law and order. c. attacking liberals, intellectuals, and “long-hairs.” d. promising immediate negotiations to end the war. 13. What key segment of the American electorate did both George Wallace and Richard Nixon try to attract? a. individualistic-

30、minded westerners b. the unemployed c. senior citizens d. the white working class 14. The Nixon-Kissinger team: a. shared a global vision for a U.S. foreign policy with scaled-back commitments overseas. b. paired a traditional small-town conservative with a troubled and profane easterner. c. showed

31、how effective an active vice-president could be. d. brought little foreign affairs expertise to the White House. 15. The term “Vietnamization” referred to the policy of: a. shifting the burden of actual combat to the South Vietnamese. b. training United States troops in the “Nine Rules” for understa

32、nding Vietnamese culture. c. shifting U.S. military operations from conventional tactics to guerrilla-type combat like the Viet Cong. d. countering anti-war propaganda with a campaign to tell the “real story” in Vietnam. 16. President Nixons carrot-and-stick plan to end the war in Vietnam included a

33、ll EXCEPT: a. hard-line negotiations with North Vietnam. b. shifting the burden of actual combat to the South Vietnamese. c. a swift, short invasion of North Vietnam. d. a swift, short invasion of Cambodia. 17. The Nixon Doctrine proclaimed: a. Vietnamization. b. a new Wilsonian internationalism. c.

34、 that the U.S. would deepen its involvement in other parts of the world once out of Vietnam. d. that the U. S. would expect its allies to share the burden of preserving world peace and order. 18. What is the word that describes Americas new relationship with China and the Soviet Union, as fostered b

35、y Nixon and Kissinger? a. confrontation b. divide and conquer c. detente d. SALT 19. Richard Nixon is best described as: a. an extremist, who deliberately and scornfully criticized hippies and anti-war protesters. b. an ideologue, whose rigidly anti-Communist instincts led him to stand firm against

36、the Soviets. c. a cold war liberal, committed equally to containment of Communism abroad and an active federal welfare program at home. d. a pragmatist, who deviated from his own earlier positions in both foreign and domestic policy. 20. Who in the 1950s did NOT support helping Indians to end their

37、confinement on reservations and move into the urban mainstream? a. liberals seeking to free Indians from reservations b. conservatives seeking to roll back New Deal programs c. western politicians seeking access to reservation resources d. full-blood Indians seeking to preserve tribal culture 21. Wh

38、y did Hispanics and Indians have less success than blacks in creating unified movements? a. Neither group had the leadership enjoyed by the African-American civil rights organizations. b. The white backlash discouraged activism by other racial and ethnic minorities. c. Latino and native groups prefe

39、rred to identify with their particular national or tribal heritage. d. Neither group faced prejudice and discrimination the way blacks did. 22. How did U.S. involvement in the Vietnam war finally end? a. with the unilateral withdrawal of U.S. troops b. with the negotiated withdrawal of U.S. troops a

40、ccording to a treaty with North Vietnam c. with the negotiated withdrawal of U.S. troops according to a treaty with South Vietnam d. with an international peace conference after the defeat of a large U.S. force 23. Which of the following Supreme Court decisions struck down 46 state laws that restric

41、ted a womans access to abortion? a. Plessy v. Ferguson b. Roe v. Wade c. Jones v. Schafly d. Steinam v. United States COMPLETION 1. Ho Chi Minh became a communist after his petition was ignored by world leaders at the Versailles or Paris or WWI peace conference. 2. Levels of American troops in Vietn

42、am rose gradually under a conscious strategydubbed escalation by its architectsdesigned to apply increasing pressure on North Vietnam. 3. “Rolling Thunder” was the code name of a military operation engaged in bombing North Vietnam; it neither stabilized South Vietnam nor substantially stopped suppli

43、es from flowing from the North. 4. A South Vietnamese communist was known by the label Viet Cong. 5. The “war at home”the debate over the war in Vietnamwas centered in a particular kind of place: college campuses. 6. George Wallace was the third-party candidate in 1968 who opposed civil rights and i

44、ntegration. 7. Richard Nixon proclaimed that he represented not some small, noisy protest group, but rather the silent majority. 8. Cesar Chavez gained prominence through his efforts to organize migrant farm workers into a union. 9. Nixons strategy for winding down U.S. involvement in Vietnam, known

45、 as Vietnamization, attempted to shift the burden of actual combat to the South Vietnamese. 10. The Nixon and Kissinger tactic of “playing the China card” referred to an effort to influence the nation of the Soviet Union by improving diplomatic relations between the U.S. and China. 31 THE AGE OF LIM

46、ITS 1. Pundit Tom Wolfe described Americans of the 1970s as: a. the “Me Generation.” b. the “Lost Generation.” c. the “New Left.” d. the “New Right.” 2. In the 1970s, the reform impulses from the 1960s fragmented or degenerated. But your text notes that “the idea of restructuring society” survived i

47、n certain areas, including all EXCEPT: a. increasing reliance on foreign oil. b. improving the quality of the environment. c. achieving equal rights for women. d. forcing business to produce safer products that were advertised more responsibly. 3. All of the following accurately describe the trouble

48、d economy during the 1970s EXCEPT: a. American leadership in heavy industry, especially in automobile manufacturing, suffered from management and labor inefficiencies as well as foreign competition. b. hardest hit were the older industrial cities of the Northeast and Midwest. c. economic trends chan

49、ged from high inflation and high unemployment to the opposite. d. political, economic, and environmental crises undermined the American faith in limitless growth and technological solutions. 4. Opposition to environmental reform reflected: a. conflict between racial and ethnic groups. b. conflict be

50、tween social classes. c. hostility toward Ralph Nader and NOW. d. hostility toward Richard Nixon and the federal government. 5. Broad changes in society were evident by the 1970s. What is NOT an accurate statement of one of these? a. Nearly half of adult women were employed outside the home. b. The

51、activist, reform spirit of the 1960s had disappeared amid a sick economy. c. The prevalence of prepared and fast foods indicated a decline both in healthy diets and in the family meal as a social occasion. d. The Supreme Court overturned state laws banning abortion. 6. The Supreme Court in the 1970s

52、, under new Chief Justice Warren Burger, actually continued and extended the support of social reform that had been a hallmark of the Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren in the 1950s and 1960s. Of the following “liberal” rulings handed down in the last 30 years, which came from the Burger Court ra

53、ther than the Warren Court? a. increase in the rights of criminal suspects and defendants b. reapportionment of state legislatures to curb over-representation of rural areas c. the striking down of state laws banning abortions d. a ban on prescribed prayers in public schools 7. The 1960s are remembe

54、red as a decade of crisis. But your text stresses that the 1970s were also a time of a “crisis of confidence” regarding the future in general and American government in particular. What during the Nixon years was most important in initiating this crisis of authority? a. political scandal and economi

55、c “stagflation” b. the Presidents personal style and the petty politics of the Congress c. defeat in Vietnam and the end of the space program d. Supreme Court rulings and bureaucratic ineffectiveness in the executive branch 8. How do “impoundment” and the War Powers Act illustrate political struggle

56、s of the early 1970s? a. Impoundment was an administration attempt to evade the will of Congress; the Act was a congressional attempt to limit presidential power. b. Both reflect U.S. efforts to respond to overseas threats to American vital interests. c. Both were passed in response to Watergate. d.

57、 Impoundment, a program run by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, was outlawed through the efforts of environmental groups. 9. Supposedly, the purpose for establishing the special group of White House employees known as the “plumbers” was: a. to gather secret information on political opponents. b. to

58、 supervise Nixons reelection campaign. c. to stop leaks of government secrets to the press. d. to launder illegal campaign contributions. 10. As a result of the Watergate scandal, President Richard Nixon was forced to resign. But a separate scandal had earlier forced the resignation of another high

59、government official. Who? a. a famous Senator b. a high-ranking Nixon aide c. the Secretary of Defense d. the Vice-President 11. The most dramatic consequence of the Middle East (“Yom Kippur”) War in 1973 was: a. a shift in U.S. Middle East policy from neutral to pro-Israel. b. an Arab oil embargo. c. Israeli occupation of Egyptian, Jordanian, Syrian, and Lebanese territories. d. overwhelming Jewish support for Nixon in the 1972 election. 12. What act of President Ford led to a quick end to his “honeymoon” with Congress and the American people? a. manipulati