高一英语 名词性从句 莫世荣

1、江苏省怀仁中学高一英语 名词性从句 莫世荣二、名词性从句定义: 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词，在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语或同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。划出下列复合句中的从句，判断其从句的类型。1. Who will go with us has not been decided. _2. Dont be satisfied with what you have achieved. _3. His parents hope that he can be a doctor in th

2、e future. _4. That is what we agreed on at the meeting. _5. I have the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it is sunny. _6. The news that we won excited all of us. _三、语序： 所有的名词性从句都用_语序。四、关联词：可分三类连接词 that , whether, if连接代词what , whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which，wh

3、ichever连接副词 when, where, how, why 五、主语从句 在复合句中做作主语的从句。完成下列主语从句1. _ (他们是如何募集到这些钱) remains a problem. 2. _（我们找不到回家的路）was really bad news.3. _（任何第一个来的人）will get the ticket.4. _ (他会去哪里) is not clear.主语从句可以直接放在主语位置，也可以用“it”做形式主语，而将从句放在句末（尤其是当谓语较短时）， that 引导的主语从句用it作形式主语尤为多见。That light travels in straight

4、 lines is known to all.= _ is known to all _.有些用“it”作形式主语的主语从句结构已经形成固定句式。常见的有下面4种：1）It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is good news that 是个好消息 It is common sense that 是常识2) It is +形容词+从句 It is necessary that 有必要 ; It is clear that 很清楚 It is (un)likely that 很（不）可能3）It is +过去分词+从句 It is said that 据

5、说 ; It is reported that 据报道4）It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that 好象It happens that 碰巧用主语从句翻译下列句子。1. 好消息是每个人都安全回来了。_2. 她有可能在事故后失去听力。_3. 据报道这种药物能减少疼痛。_4. 碰巧你到我家来的时候我出门了。_六、宾语从句：在复合句中作宾语的从句。宾语分为动词宾语和介词宾语。因此宾语从句一般位于_或者_后面。1. He asked _.(我为这架钢琴花了多少钱)2. It all depends on _ (我父母是否支持我)3. Im interested in _ (

6、那个高个的男人是谁)4. His parents hope _ (他将来能成为医生)如果宾语后面有宾语补足语，要用形式宾语it 来代替，而将从句放到后面。Eg: We all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.The conductor has made it clear that no buses will be running.1. 我们发现每天锻炼身体是很重要的。_2. 老板已经清楚的表明这项工作应该在本周完成。_七、表语从句: 在复合句中充当表语的从句。表语从句一般跟在联系动词后面。常见的联系动词有：be, seem,

7、 remain, look 等。1. My idea is that this plan should be carried out immediately. 2. It looks as if /that it is going to rain.3. The question remains _ (我们是否应该接受他们的邀请)4. The reason (why he was late ) was _ (他错过了汽车)八、同位语从句: 复合句中充当同位语的从句。一般放在名词 fact , news , possibility, idea , promise, thought , sugges

8、tion，hope，conclusion，evidence，order，problem等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容。1. An idea occurred to him _. (他能够向他父亲借钱)2. They are faced with the problem _. (他是否应该继续工作)3. I have no idea _. (他会什么时候回来)4. She had a feeling _. (她正被一个穿黑色外套的高个子男人注视着)定语从句和同位语从句的区别：A.两种从句前都有一个_词B.定语从句中关系词代替先行词在从句中_（充当/不充当）成分;而在同位语从句中连接词

9、_（充当/不充当）成分。C.定语从句是对前面的名词进行_（修饰限定/解释说明），同位语从句是对前面的名词进行_（修饰限定/解释说明）。e.g. The suggestion that he made is of great value. _ 从句The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value. _ 从句Rule: that +不完整句子 _从句that +完整句子 _从句判断下面句子是定语从句还是同位语从句1. The news that the plane would take off on time made eve

10、rybody happy. _2. The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming. _3. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. _4. The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical. _ 九、 名词性从句中的连接词 tha

11、t, whether, if分析下列宾语从句中的连词1.I dont doubt (that) you will succeed.2.I dont know whether/if he will come tonight.3.I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise.3个句子中的连词that, whether, if （是否）在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分, 被称为连接词.1）that 的用法：that 在名词性从句中没有任何语意, 并且在从句中不充当成分。that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略that不可省略的

12、情况：a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 d. 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 e. 并列的宾语从句中的引导词that不能省略that / (that)1. I dont think _ she is coming. 2. It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3. The reason is _ he is careless.4. The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5. I dont think it necessary _ you should read English alo

13、ud.6. He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.2）if 和whether 的用法if 和whether 都可以表示是否，在名词性从句中不充当成分。区别：if 只可以用于宾语从句中（介词宾语除外） whether 可以用于四种名词性从句中 whether 可以与or not 或者to do 连用，而if 不可以。 if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2. I dont know _ to go there.3. _ we will hold

14、 a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.4. Were worried about _ he is safe. 5. I dont know _ he is well or not.6. I dont know _ or not he is well. 7. The question is _ he should do it.8. The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.9. We discussed _ we s

15、hould close the shop.3）that 与whether的用法:虽然它们在从句中都不作句子成分，但that无实际意义，表示肯定；而whether却有实际意义，表示“是否”，有着不定的涵义。1. _well go out for a picnic depends on the weather.2. _well go out for a picnic has been decided.3. Im sure_ they will come to help us.4. Im not sure _ they will come to help us.十、巩固练习划出下面句子中的从句，并说

16、明是什么从句 1. She sensed that she was being watched. _ 2. Im interested in who that tall man is. _ 3. Whether hell be able to come is not yet known. _ 4. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to that far. _ 5. The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity. _ 6. The news that you told us is exciting. _ 7. That I can pay back the help that people give me makes me happy. _ 8. It has not been decided who will go with us. _9. Th