atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化.ppt

1、atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化,1、signs and symptoms 2、causes 3、treatments,Signs and symptoms: Atherosclerosis is a condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of plaque.,1、atherosclerosis:,rsklrss; -skl- 动脉粥样硬化 2、symptom:sm(p)tm n. 症状；征兆 3、artery:tr n. 动脉 4、accumulation:kjumjl

2、e()n n. 积聚累积；堆积物 5、plaque:plk; plk n. 斑块,The plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, plaque hardens and narrows the patients arteries. This limits the flow of oxygen-rich blood to their organs and other parts of the body. 6、cholesterol:kles

3、trl n. 胆固醇,It can also lead serious problems, mainly including the following four kinds:,Coronary artery disease: These arteries supply blood to our heart. When they are blocked, we can suffer angina or a heart attack. 7、coronary:kr()n()r adj. 冠的；冠状的 8、angina:ndan n. 心绞痛,Carotid artery disease: Thes

4、e arteries supply blood to our brain. When they are blocked we can suffer a stroke. 9、carotid:krtd n. 颈动脉adj. 颈动脉的,Peripheral arterial disease: These arteries are in our arms, legs and pelvis. When they are blocked, we can suffer from numbness, pain and sometimes infections. 10、peripheral:prf()r()l

5、adj. 外围的；次要的 11、pelvis: pelvs n. 骨盆,Chronic kidney disease: The renal arteries supply blood to our kidneys. If plaque builds up in these arteries, the disease occurs.Over time, chronic kidney disease causes a slow loss of kidney function. 12、chronic:krnk adj. 慢性的；长期的；习惯性的,Causes: The main cause of a

6、therosclerosis is yet unknown, but is hypothesized to fundamentally be initiated by inflammatory processes in the vessel wall in response to retained low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules.,13、hypothesize:hapsaz vt. 假设，假定vi. 假设，假定 14、fundamentally ,fndmntli adv. 根本地，从根本上；基础地 15、initiate net vt. 开始，

7、创始；发起 16、inflammatory:nflmt()r adj. 炎症性的 17、low-density lipoprotein(LDL):低密度脂蛋白; lipoprotein,lp(),prtin ,脂蛋白,Also, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with cardiovascular diseases. 18、cytomegalovirus: ,sat()meg()l(),vars n. 巨细胞病毒 19、cardiovascular: ,kdvskjl adj.心血管的,Treatments: Non-pharmaceutical means are usually the first method of treatment, such as cessation of smoking, following a healthy diet, and practicing regular exercise. 20、pharmaceutical:,fmsjutk()l n. 药物adj. 制药（学）的,If these methods do not work, medicines are u