Chapter 2 词的省略

1、TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES,Chapter 2 词的省略,1.省略重复出现的词语,1. 1. 有时可将重复出现的词语抽取出来合译为一个英语词汇或词组，这种方法类似于数学中的“提取公因式”。提取公因式不仅适用于外形完全相同的词语，而且也可用于外形上不同但在语义上相同或相近的词语。例如：,我们要忠于党、忠于人民、忠于祖国。We should be loyal to our party, to our people and to our motherland.大力提倡社会公德、职业道德和家庭道德。We should vigorously advocate social, occup

2、ational and family ethics.,2. 对于原文中重复出现的词语也可以采用代词来替换它以避免重复。,学习英语的方法和学习游泳的方法一样，必须把实践放在第一位。The way of learning the English language is the same as that of learning swimming: Practice must be put first.,2. 省略表示范畴的词语,汉语中有些名词如“问题”、“制度”、“任务”、“工作”、“情况”、“状态”、“局面”等，在有具体的含义时应当翻译出来，但当它们被用来表示范畴的时候，一般都失去了具体意义，通常

3、可以不译。,多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业现象。For many years there has been serious unemployment in that country.收入分配关系没有理顺。The distribution of income needs to be straightened out.,3. 省略影响修辞效果的词语,“贪官污吏”：corrupt officials, “精疲力竭”：exhaustion, “街谈巷议”：street gossip 取之不尽、用之不竭 inexhaustible 沉鱼落雁之容，闭月羞花之貌 beautiful / put the fl

4、owers to shame,4. 省略其意义已隐含在上下文其他词语里的成分,有时候汉语原文本身并没有语义上的不必要的重复，但在英语中可以找到能包含两层意义的词汇。选用这样的词汇可以使译文更为精炼。,推动农产品生产、加工和销售的有机结合。We should integrate the production, processing and marketing of agricultural products.,习题:,1. 他付出许多，也得到许多，不仅为自己也为祖国赢得荣誉。 2. 参与并取胜，这就是奥林匹克精神。 3.我们必须培养分析问题、解决问题的能力。,1. He gets as much

5、 as he gives, winning honors not only for himself but also for his country. 2. To participate and win that is the Olympic spirit. 3. We must cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems.,4. 我厂生产的地毯图案新颖、色调雅致、美丽大方、富丽堂皇。 5.我们应该发展新兴产业和高技术产业，把开发新技术、新产品、新产业同开拓市场结合起来,4. The carpets made in our factory are well known for their novel designs, elegant colors, beautiful looks and magnificent air. 5. We should develop rising and high-tech industries as well as combining the efforts to