小学英语 名词种类及单复数变化.ppt

1、What can money buy?,名词种类及单复数变化,What can money buy?,Food? House? Toys or clothes? More fun? Life?,What can money buy? Victor Hugo,Money can buy a bed but not sleep; Book but not knowledge; Food but not appetite; p,tat Finery but not beauty; A house but not a home; Medicine but not health; Luxuries bu

2、t not culture; Amusements but not happiness; A passport to everywhere but not heaven.,Money can buy a bed but not sleep; 钱能买到床，但买不到睡眠；,Book but not knowledge;钱能买到书，但买不到知识；,Food but not appetite; 钱能买到食品，但买不到胃口；,Finery but not beauty; 钱能买到服饰，但买不到美丽；,A house but not a home;钱能买到房舍，但买不到家；,Medicine but no

3、t health; 钱能买到药品，但买不到健康；,Luxuries but not culture;钱能买到奢侈品，但买不到教养；,Amusements but not happiness; 钱能买到娱乐，但买不到幸福；,A passport to everywhere but not heaven.钱能买到护照走遍世界，但进不了天堂。,What can money buy? Victor Hugo,Money can buy a bed but not sleep; Book but not knowledge; Food but not appetite; Finery but not b

4、eauty; A house but not a home; Medicine but not health; Luxuries but not culture; Amusements but not happiness; A passport to everywhere but not heaven.,个体名词：,boy, girl, teacher, school, book, room, pen, pencil, desk, apple,具体可见的，可以数出数量的个体。,抽象名词 happiness, misery, difficulty, love, honesty, courage

5、不能看到的抽象概念。,二. 名词种类与名词的数,1）所有的专有名词都是不可数名词。 2）个体名词通常都是可数的。 3）集体名词和成双成对的名词永远用作复数。 people, police, trousers, glasses 4）物质名词和抽象名词为不可数名词。,特殊情况：,.有些名词,如: family, class, team等既可 用作单数又可用作复数。 当强调整体时，常用作单数； 当强调整体中的各个成员时，常为复数。例： The family is quite big. 这是个大家庭。 The family are enjoying themselves in the park. 家里

6、的每个人都玩得很高兴。,2）有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数,词，但词义有所不同。,sand 沙 sands 沙滩,wood 木头 woods 森林,fish 鱼肉 fish 鱼,orange 橙汁 an orange桔子,chicken 鸡肉 a chicken小鸡,room 空间、余地a room房间,三. 可数名词复数变化规则,一般情况在词尾加-s，例如： bookbooks，girlgirls，boy boys pen pens, doctor doctors 2.以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如： busbuses，boxboxes， watchwatches，brus

7、hbrushes 3.以o结尾的词加-es。例如: heroheroes，potatopotatoes 但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。例如： zoozoos，radioradios 缩写词也只加-s，例如：photophotos,三. 可数名词复数变化规则,一般情况在词尾加-s，例如： bookbooks，girlgirls，boy boys pen pens, doctor doctors 2.以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如： busbuses，boxboxes， watchwatches，brushbrushes 3.以o结尾的词加-es。例如: heroheroes，p

8、otatopotatoes 但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。例如： zoozoos，radioradios 缩写词也只加-s，例如：photophotos,4. 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v，再加-es，如：,knifeknives，leafleaves, halfhalves,5.以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”，再加-es,如：,citycities, factoryfactories,但注意：以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，,如：boyboys, daydays,6. 不规则变化,man-men, woman-women,foot-feet, tooth-teeth,

9、child-children, ox-oxen，mouse-mice,fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer,7.表示国籍名词单复数变化规律,ChineseChinese中国人,Japanese Japanese 日本人,FrenchmanFrenchmen法国人,Englishman Englishmen 英国人,German Germans德国人,American Americans美国人,Egyptian Egyptians埃及人,RussianRussians 俄国人,ItalianItalians 意大利人,this that I you he / she

10、 / it am / is ,these,those,we,you,they,are,单数 复数,不规则名词复数变化三,this- that - I - me - you - he/she/it/- him/her/it- am/is-,these those we us you they them are,句子单数变复数 This is a book. That is an eraser. It is a red apple. I am a boy. He / She is a teacher. Whats this ?,These are books. Those are erasers.

11、 They are red apples. We are boys. They are teachers. Whatre these ?,复数句子变单数句子 These are dictionaries. 单数 一般疑问句,并作肯定回答 划线提问,This is a dictionary.,Are these dictionaries ? Yes, they are.,What are these ?,四. 不可数名词数量的表示,of短语：不能说 one bread，但是可以说： one piece of bread two pieces of bread 2. 量词： 1）只能用来修饰不可数

12、名词： a little，much，a bit of 2）既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词： some, a lot of, lots of,四. 不可数名词数量的表示,of短语：不能说 one bread，但是可以说： one piece of bread two pieces of bread 2. 量词： 1）只能用来修饰不可数名词： a little，much，a bit of 2）既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词： some, a lot of, lots of,特别的的复数形式： 单复数同形： deer(鹿); sheep(绵羊); people(人们); po

13、lice(警察) 注意：fishes 指鱼的种类。 不可数名词可量化：数词+量词+of+不可数名词 two pieces of news /paper/work/bread/meat a bottle of milk/water three bowls of rice ten cups of tea 注意： two papers： 两张试卷 P76,名词的所有格： 1大多数表示生命的单数名词或不以-S结尾的复数名词，直接加 s 如： 我哥哥的瓶子：my brothers bottle; 我孩子们的玩具 my childrens toys 2共同拥有的： Lucy and Lilys 各自拥有的

14、： Lucys and Lilys 注意：不管单复数,只要以s 结尾,所有格形式在后面直接加 即可。 如 老师办公室 the teachers office; 注意： at Mr. Whites在怀特家; at the doctors在医生诊所。 拓展： the +形容词表示一类人，谓语动词用复数如：老人们很开心：The old are very happy. the Whites 怀特一家人；怀特夫妇。,无生命的名词的所有格的习惯表达： 结构为：of+名词 如： 房子的门：the door of the house 书的封面：the cover of the book 注意：有些习惯表达是这

15、样的： 今天的报纸： todays newspaper 十个小时的工作: ten hours work 双重所有格：即of +所有格 我姐姐的一个朋友：a friend of my sisters 我哥哥的两个儿子： two sons of my brothers 我的一个朋友： a friend of mine 注意： a photo of my fathers (意为我父亲的照片有许多张，这是其中一张) a photo of my father (一张我父亲的照片，照片本人就是我父亲),练习,1. What do you want? I want_. A. piece of breadB.

16、two piece of bread C.a breadD.some bread 2 ._is standing at the corner of the street. A. A policeB.The police C. PoliceD.A policeman,D,D,3. Can you see nine _ in the picture?,A.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse,4. The _ has two _.,A.boys, watches B.boy, watch,C.boy, watchesD.boys,watch,5. Both Marx and Engl

17、es were_.,A.GermanB.Germans,C.Germany D.from German,3. Can you see nine _ in the picture?,A.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse,4. The _ has two _.,A.boys, watches B.boy, watch,C.boy, watchesD.boys,watch,5. Both Marx and Engles were_.,A.GermanB.Germans,C.Germany D.from German,6. Every morning before he leaves, his mother would put some _ in his bag