Book-2-Unit-10-Pompeii.ppt

1、Course Objectives,By the end of this lesson, the students should be able to: 1. understand the structure and the general idea of the text. 2. know something about the history of Pompeii and what happened in AD 79. （G2） 3. use specific verbs to describe things. （G3: the knowledge schema of vocabulary

2、：running） 4. create a dominant impression by using words about five senses. （ G6:the knowledge schema of vocabulary ：onomatopoeia拟声） 5. know something about natural disasters like volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tornado etc. （review ）,Group work (Pre-class Tasks):,4. the major gods and goddesses in

3、 Greek and Roman Mythology, such as: (Grouplai) 1) Jupiter, 2) Juno, 3) Apollo, 4) Isis 5) Neptune,5. the major gods and goddesses in Greek and Roman Mythology, such as: (Group1) 1) Minerva, 2) Mars, 3) Venus, 4) Cupid, 5) Diana,6. the major gods and goddesses in Greek and Roman Mythology, such as:

4、(Group) 1) Pluto, 2) Pan, 3) Mercury, 4) Hephaestus, 5) Saturn,Vesuvius from plane,Mural壁画,Mural壁画,General introduction: an ancient Roman town-city, destroyed and buried under 6 m of ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, first rediscovered in 1599, approximately 1600 years after

5、 its destruction, further rediscovered in 1748, well-preserved and looks exactly like it was on its last day, a popular tourist destination now.,location: near modern Naples in Italy, 8km (5.0mi) away from Mount Vesuvius,a picture tour: a birds-eye view,a picture tour: a street leading to Mt. Vesuvi

6、us,a picture tour: the temple of Jupiter,a picture tour: theater,a picture tour: victims,Part 1 (Paras. 17 ): A brief account of Pompeii before and after the eruption Part 2 (Para. 8-20 ): A detailed description of what happened on the day of the eruption.,Pompeii is a strange city because no one ha

7、s lived there for nearly two thousand years since AD 79. / Until that year Pompeii was prosperous and beautiful. / Yet, a sudden eruption of Mount Vesuvius made the city perish, / buried deep in volcanic ash. / Then, seventeen hundred years later, it was rediscovered. / Marks of the citys last momen

8、ts were found intact under the protecting shroud of ash. /,Dictation,The author describes what happened according to the time sequence. /At dawn when people were carrying on with life as usual, / they were unaware that tragedy was on its way. / At one oclock in the afternoon, / the eruption began an

9、d pumice stone began to fall, / which did little damage. / In the afternoon, buildings began to collapse and houses caught fire. / People were in panic and misguided by priests. / And most people missed the best timing to escape. /,An earthquake struck in the evening to make things worse, / killing

10、hundreds of people. / From late night to morning, / poisonous gas thickened and killed more people, / and those who were still alive struggled in vain until they all died. / By midday on August 25, / Pompeii was a city of the dead. /,Questions,12: Why is Pompeii a strange city? 3: How had Pompeii be

11、en until AD 79? 4: What happened in AD 79 and what was the result? 5: What happened to Pompeii seventeen hundred years after death? 6: Why does the author describe a trip to Pompeii as one “back in time”?,Questions,89: What was happening at dawn and in the morning of August 24, AD 79? 913: What happ

12、ened at one oclock in the afternoon? 1415: What happened in the afternoon? 1617: What happened in the evening? 1819: What was the condition from late night to morning? 1920: What was Pompeii like at the midday of August 25?,Questions:,In Para. 1-2,Question: Why is Pompeii a strange city? It is like

13、no other city in the world. It is dead and nothing lives in Pompeii except crickets and beetles and lizards, but every year people travel from distant countries to visit it.,Questions:,In Para. 3,Question: How had Pompeii been until AD 79? prosperous and beautiful.,Questions:,In Para. 4,Question: Wh

14、at happened in AD 79 and what was the result? Mount Vesuvius suddenly erupted and the city perished, buried deep in volcanic ash.,Questions:,In Para. 5,Question: What happened to Pompeii seventeen hundred years after death? It was discovered again. Marks of the citys last moments were found intact u

15、nder the protecting shroud of ash.,Questions:,In Para. 6,Question: Why does the author describe a trip to Pompeii as one “back in time”? For the old city comes to life all around you.,Questions:,In Para. 8-9,Question: What was happening at dawn and in the morning of August 24, AD 79? Tragedy was on

16、its way.,Questions:,In Para. 9-13,Question: What happened at one oclock in the afternoon? The eruption began and pumice stone began to fall, which did little damage.,Questions:,In Para. 14-15,Question: What happened in the afternoon? People were in panic and misguided. Buildings began to collapse an

17、d houses caught fire. Most people missed the best timing to escape.,Questions:,In Para. 16-17,Question: What happened in the evening? An earthquake struck to make things worse, killing hundreds of people. Conditions got worse and worse and people were trapped expecting death.,Questions:,In Para. 18-

18、19,Question: What was the condition from late night to morning? Poison gas thickened and killed more people, and those who were still alive struggled in vain until they all fell.,Questions:,In Para. 19-20,Question: What was Pompeii like at the midday of August 25? The disaster was still going on but

19、 didnt matter to people at all, all of whom were now dead.,63,Para 1-2 Pompeii was prosperous Para 3 How strange Pompeii is Para 4 Marks of Pompeiis last moments Paras 5-6 Pompeii was destroyed,Match the main idea with each paragraph,64,Para 8-9 Eruption began Para 10-13 Tragedy was on its way Para

20、14-15 Buildings fell and houses catch fire; people in panic missed timing to run Para 16 earth quaked, killing hundreds,Match the main idea with each paragraph,65,Para 17 late night saw more deaths from gas Para 18 Conditions got worse, people helplessly expecting death Para 19 disaster going on but

21、 no longer mattering Para 20 People struggled in vain before they all died.,Match the main idea with each paragraph,Check of preview,Find the words from the text which have the same meaning as the following.,very strong or powerful 2. to suddenly break into small pieces 3. complete and not damaged 4

22、. to push sb./sth. into a small place 5. to throw violently in a particular direction 6. to fall down or fall in suddenly,mighty,shatter,intact,cram,hurl,collapse,Check of preview,7. to come or go down from a higher level to a lower one 8. to move along smoothly or slowly in water or air 9. a person

23、 whose job is to take care of sheep 10. a crowd of people 11. fierce and violent 12. to cover sb. / sth. completely 13. death or destruction 14. a sudden heavy rain,descend,drift,shepherd,throng,savage,overwhelm,doom,cloudburst,die,mark,run away,glimmer,peak; mountaintop,powerful,collapse,smash,pill

24、ar,throng,A city in south central Italy, on the Bay of Naples. It is a major seaport, and commercial, industrial and tourist center.,Detailed discussion:,Pompeii is a dead city. No one has lived therenot since the summer of the year AD 79, to be exact. (Para. 2) in full: Anno Domini, Latin for the Y

25、ear of Our Lord/ The Christian myth has it that AD 1 was the year Jesus Christ was born. Time before AD is called BC(before Christ).,Mary, Holy spirit, Joseph, Bethlehem, Stable/barn/manger,Other frequently used phrases like this: to begin with; to tell the truth; to be honest; to be frank; to put i

26、t another way; to give you an example; to sum up; to come back to the question we were discussing; to name just a few.,Detailed discussion:,. Pompeii was a prosperous city of 25,000 people. (Para. 3) a city of 25,000 people: 一个人口为两万五千的城市 a city with a population of 25,000 a city with a population of

27、 25,000 people “population” means “the number of people living in a particular area, country, etc.”,Detailed discussion:,Nearby was the bay of Naples, an arm of the blue Mediterranean. (Para. 3) Inverted structure. What is the function of the underlined part? - appositive. an arm of sth.: a long and

28、 narrow area of land or water that is joined to a broader area(陆地、水域的) 狭长区域,Detailed discussion:,Rich men came down from wealthy Rome to build seaside villas. (Para. 3) What does “down” here mean? - moving from a big city / in or toward South. - Rome is to the north of Pompeii.,Inversion Rising behi

29、nd the city was the 4,000-foot .,全部倒装： 1. 某些地点或时间状语位于句首时，句子全部倒装： e.g. Now comes your turn, In the doorway stood my brother. Below the house ran a little stream. To the west of Malaysia lies India. 2. 表示运动方向的副词位于句首，谓语动词为表示运动的动词的一般过去时，句子全部倒装： e.g. In came Jack. Out rushed the children. Away went the c

30、ar. Up jumped the two large dogs. Off flew the birds. Down fell some apples.,Inversion,全部倒装： 3. 某些主语补语位于句首时，句子全部倒装： e.g. Among them were two girls. Below is a famous hotel. On his left arm was a tattoo of an eagle. Especially remarkable was this new design. 4. 当直接引语之后的陈述句主语是名词时，用倒装： e.g. “Any more f

31、ares, please?” asked the conductor.,grass-covered adj. (para.3) Compound adjective formed by: n. + past participle More example: home-made, state-owned, heart-felt, quake-stricken,Detailed discussion:,It died suddenly, in a terrible rain of fire and ash. (Para. 4) a rain of sth.: a large number of t

32、hings that fall from the sky at the same time a rain of petals; a rain of arrows; a rain of bullets e.g. A rain of abuse has been heaped upon him. Similar metaphorical use: a shower of: a lot of small light things falling or moving through the air together a shower of leaves; a shower of stones a st

33、orm of: a sudden loud amount of noise made a group of people in reaction to sth. A storm of applause rose from the audience. The charges touched off a storm of protest.,Detailed discussion:,The tragedy struck (Para. 4) “strike” is a verb often used with disasters, e.g. A typhoon / plague / earthquak

34、e strikes. other use of strike: He struck his head again the roof. He struck him on the head. The clock struck four. She struck up an acquaintance with a musician on the trip. How did the film strike you? The lighting struck terror into their hearts.,Detailed discussion:,Mount Vesuvius, which had sl

35、ept quietly for centuries, erupted with savage violence. (Para. 4) sleep: to be inactive or dormant休眠的 savage: wild; untamed savage beasts of the jungle, savage criticism violence: powerful, untamed, or devastating force; the violence of the sea,Detailed discussion:,For three days, the sun didnt bre

36、ak through the clouds of volcanic ash that filled the sky. (Para. 4) the clouds of volcanic ash: the large amount of volcanic ash that was floating in the air and looked like cloud cloud of dust; cloud of smoke; cloud of steam Paraphrase: The volcanic ash floating in the air was so thick that it hid

37、 the sun for three days.,Words and Expressions:,perish: （Para.4) to die, especially in an accident or by being killed, or to be destroyed e.g. We must plan our civilization or we must perish. Almost a hundred people perished in the hotel fire last night.,Detailed discussion:,Beneath the protecting s

38、hroud of ash, the city lay intact. (Para. 5) Shroud: a cloth which is used for wrapping a dead body; a layer of sth. which covers or surrounds sth. e.g. Everything was covered in a thick shroud of dust. The truth about the accident remains hidden beneath a shroud of secrecy.,Detailed discussion:,Ben

39、eath the protecting shroud of ash, the city lay intact. (Para. 5),intact: (Para.5) not damaged and complete or perfect e.g. Despite his misfortunes, his faith and optimism remained intact. Most of the house remains intact even after two hundred years.,Detailed discussion:,Beneath the protecting shro

40、ud of ash, the city lay intact. (Para. 5) Paraphrase: The city remained as it had been before the eruption. It had been protected by the thick layer of ash that buried the city deep.,Detailed discussion:,In the wine shops, the wine jars were in place, and on one counter could be seen a stain where a

41、 customer had thrown down his wine glass and fled. (Para. 5) in place: in its usual or right place The books were all in place on the shelves. Lets put the chairs in place. Paraphrase: In the wine shop, the wine jars were in their right place; people could see on one counter a stain of wine, and it

42、might have been left by a customer who had just thrown down the glass and fled in a hurry.,Detailed discussion:,To go to Pompeii today is to take a trip backward in time. (Para. 6) Paraphrase: To go to Pompeii today is to go back to the ancient times, because everything in this dead city is preserve

43、d exactly as it was the day the city perished.,Detailed discussion:,The old city comes to life all around you. (Para. 6) come to life: to become animate or conscious充满生机; to seem real and natural活灵活现；表现生动；惟妙惟肖出现 Paraphrase: The old city is alive again all round you, as it was. e.g. The house comes t

44、o life whenever the grandchildren come to visit it. The park comes to life when tourists visit it. a style of writing that will make your characters come to life on the page,Detailed discussion:,The grassy slopes of great Vesuvius rise to the heavens behind the city, and sunlight shimmers on the wat

45、ers of the bay a thousand yards from the city walls. (Para.6) waters refer to a large area of sea, especially the area of sea that is near to a country and that is regarded as belonging to it. 水域，海域; (尤指) 领海 山坡覆盖着绿茵的维苏威山在古城的背后直耸云霄，离城墙三千英尺之外，阳关照在庞贝湾的水上，闪闪发光。,Detailed discussion:,Such was Pompeii on i

46、ts last day. (Para. 7) Paraphrase: That was what Pompeii was like the day it was destroyed in the volcanic eruption. Inverted sentence Transition,Detailed discussion:,A good imagination is all you need to restore it to activity. (Para. 7) restore sth. to sth.: to make sth. returns to its previous st

47、ate or condition e.g. A week at the beach will restore you to health. The government is trying hard to restore the countrys economy to full strength. Paraphrase: If you have a good imagination you will be able to imagine what was going onthe sights, sounds, smells and activities of a busy, prosperou

48、s Roman town.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part I: Words 像雨点般落下;大量倾泻厚施，大量地给;,Detailed discussion:,In the forum . (Para. 8) forum: the marketplace or public place of an ancient Roman city forming the center of public business Cultural note: The forum was the center of the citys religious, economic

49、, and municipal life; it was a large area with a two-story entrance, around which were temples of ancient Greek gods, a large food market, the imposing headquarters of the woolen industry, the meeting place of the city council and the offices of the officials of the city. In modern English, a forum

50、is a public meeting or lecture involving audience discussion.,Words and Expressions:,summit: an important formal meeting between leaders of governments from two or more countries e.g. a summit meeting World leaders will meet next week for their annual economic summit. 2. the highest, most successful

51、 or most important point in something e.g. I certainly havent reached the summit of my career.,Detailed discussion:,A black cloud was rising from the shattered summit of the mountain. like the trunk of a tree, it rose in the air, branching out as it climbed. (Para. 12) branch out : vary in order to

52、expand or to spread risk 长出枝条；扩展范围；偏离主题； 朝新的方向拓展 e.g. This wouldnt be the first time Mr. Henry is seeking to branch out into other sports. The bookshop has decided to branch out into selling music and records. Paraphrase: The top of the mountain was smashed by the explosion, and a black cloud was ri

53、sing out of it. As it rose higher and higher, the cloud expanded in different directions. 一股黑云从炸开的山顶升起，越升越高，在空中一边攀升，一边像树干上的树枝一样，想四周分成几股扩散。,Detailed discussion:,The sound of the explosion died away, but it still reverberated in everyones ears. (Para. 13) die away: (of sound/ wind/ light etc.) become

54、weaker and weaker until it disappears (尤指声音、风、雨、光亮、势力、活动等)渐渐消失，逐渐消逝(或减弱，平息)，逐渐停止 e.g. The noise of the car died away in the distance. The breeze has died away. They didnt go back to bed until the footsteps died away. reverberate: to resound or re-echo e.g. The explosion reverberated through the cast

55、le. Paraphrase: Even when the loud sound stopped, people did not recover from the shock.,风停了。,Detailed discussion:,These poured down as though there had been a sudden cloudburst. (Para. 13) as if / though: 1) 从句用一般过去时，表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生 e.g. You look as if you had a toothache. 你看上去像是牙痛。 she looked as t

56、hough she were fainting. 她看上去像要晕过去似的。 2) 从句用过去完成时，表示从句动作先于主句动作发生 e.g. He looks as if he had been ill. 他看上去好像生过病。,Culture Tips,Jupiter (Zeus),Culture Tips,Apollo,Culture Tips,Isis One of the most important goddesses of ancient Egypt,Detailed discussion:,1. An hour went by and darkness still shrouded

57、everything. (Para. 14) Paraphrase: An hour passed, things did not improve and darkness covered everything.,2. All was confusion. (Para. 14) chaos Paraphrase: There was total chaos everywhere. 3. doom was at hand. (Para. 14),Detailed discussion:,only the quick-witted managed to escape. (Para. 15) qui

58、ck-witted; slow-witted; dull-witted,He led his little band out into the nightmare of the street. (Para. 15) a very difficult/ frightening situation Paraphrase: He led his family out into the dark street, which was extremely terrible and chaotic. 他带领着他那一小群人走进乱哄哄的街道。,Detailed discussion:,Stumbling in the darkness, they made their way to the city gates, then out and down to the harbor. They boarded boats and got away, living to tell the tale of their citys destruction. (Para. 15) Translation： 他们在黑暗中跌跌撞撞，艰难地走向城门，出来城门后直奔港口，登上船，逃离了危险，这才活下来将他们城市毁灭的故事告诉其他人。,It was evening now. And a new