1常用口语翻译.ppt

1、第一章 常用口语翻译,关于英语口语学习 第一节 日常用语翻译 第二节 商务交际英语口语 第三节 其他相关商务英语 练习参考答案,第一节 日常用语翻译,汉语言简意赅，句子灵活，往往是一个汉语词汇对应N个英语词汇，具体到在本句中应该采用那个意项，务必抓住精神实质，不可以不变应万变。 口头语的特点是形简意深, 贴近生活, 表现力强, 使用频率高。口头语的翻译方法基本上可以归纳为两种: 直译和意译。 一、正确选择词义 词义精当，是指译者对原文每一个词都译得恰如其分。 （一）一词多义 同一个词，由于语境不同，其词义会千差万别。,第一节 日常用语翻译,He got all the credit for t

2、he discovery. The ledger shows 300 pounds on the debit side and 50 pounds on the credit side. The availability of cheap long term credit would help small businesses. They sold grain on credit during time of famine. How much do I have to my credit? They cannot obtain credit at all in the trade. They

3、have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China, London.,第一节 日常用语翻译,他由于这项发现而获得各种荣誉。 从分类账上可以看出，发生金额借方300英镑，贷方50英镑。 低息长期贷款可以扶持小型企业。 饥荒季节，他们则赊销粮食。 我们银行户头上还有多少存款？ 他们生意信誉已荡然无存。 他们已从伦敦中国银行开立了有关信用证。,第一节 日常用语翻译,共同关心的问题 解决问题 问题的关键 关键问题 原则问题 悬而未决的问题 没有什么问题 摩托车有点问题。 问题不在这里。 最近揭发出相当严重的贪污、受贿和官僚主义问题。,第一节 日

4、常用语翻译,共同关心的问题 questions of common interest 解决问题 solve a problem 问题的关键 the heart of the matter 关键问题 a key problem 原则问题 a question/ matter of principle 悬而未决的问题 an outstanding issue,第一节 日常用语翻译,没有什么问题。Without any mishap 摩托车有点问题。Something is wrong with the motorcycle. 问题不在这里。That is not the point. 最近揭发出相

5、当严重的贪污、受贿和官僚主义问题。Serious cases of embezzlement, bribery, and bureaucracy have been brought to light recently.,第一节 日常用语翻译,价廉物美 我们不销售廉价质次货物。 我们已按很低价格向你们报盘。 你们将会看出我们这批货物价格是很便宜。 请报体温表最低价。 对我们业务建议如有兴趣，请寄样品，并告最惠条款。 我们报价已是最低价，折扣不能再多给了。,第一节 日常用语翻译,fine and inexpensive We do not sell cheap quality goods. We

6、have made you an offer at a very competitive price. You will find our prices for these goods very popular. Please make us your lowest quotation for Clinical Thermometers. If you feel interest in our business proposal，please send us the samples together with your best terms and conditions. As we have

7、 quoted you our rock-bottom price，we cant give you any more discounts.,第一节 日常用语翻译,一、常用短语、句子翻译 我们要搞社会主义。We must practice socialism. 把这个问题搞清楚。To get a clear understanding of the question 我们的思想终于搞通了。We have straightened out our ideas at last. 搞生产 To engage in production. 把某人搞臭To discredit somebody.,第一节

8、 日常用语翻译,抓业务, 抓工作 to be in charge of 抓好(做好) to do a good work to 两手抓 give equal importance to on the one hand and to on the other hand 抓物质一手硬, 抓精神一手软 to attach importance to material progress while neglecting ethical and cultural progress. 抓辫子 to seize on somebodys mistake or shortcoming. 抓瞎 to find

9、oneself at a loss; to be in a rush and muddle,第一节 日常用语翻译,上中班 to be on the middle shift 上火(生气) to get angry 上火(内热疾病) to suffer from excessive internal heat 尾巴翘上了天 to be very cocky 上水平(台阶) to raise to a new level 有条件要上, 没有条件, 创造条件也要上。When conditions exist, go ahead; when they dont, create them and go

10、ahead. 越说越上劲 to get more and more excited as one talks 上菜to serve a course /dish 上饭to serve a rice / noodle / porridge,第一节 日常用语翻译,接风洗尘(设宴招待来客)give a dinner to a visitor from afar / give a dinner of welcome to a visitor 路上辛苦了! Did you enjoy your trip? / Its a long journey. Did you have a good time? 事

11、情办得顺手。It was done very smoothly. / It was done without a hitch. 这个工具用起来顺手。(handy) This tool is very handy. 我只是顺便说说。I just mentioned this by passing. 顺应, 顺应历史潮流 (to comply with; to conform to) to conform to the historical trend of the time.,第一节 日常用语翻译,献丑 to show oneself up; to make a fool of oneself

12、打开窗子说亮话to put all the cards on the table 说话走火 to go too far in what one says; to shoot off ones mouth,第一节 日常用语翻译,强词夺理 to chop logic to defend oneself 一个巴掌拍不响 It takes two to make a quarrel. 不管三七二十一 no matter what you will say /do 耳边风 like water off a ducks back 眼高手低 to have grandiose (great) aims bu

13、t puny (little) abilities,第一节 日常用语翻译,硬功夫 masterly skills 硬汉子a man of iron 硬着头皮 to braze it out 硬道理 an essential criterion 发展才是硬道理 Development is the first important / fundamental policy. / Development is the most important.,第一节 日常用语翻译,配套改革coordinated reform 配套措施supporting measures 配套资金 counterpart f

14、unds 配套工程 auxiliary projects,第一节 日常用语翻译,基本建设capital construction 基本险with particular average 基本物资essential commodity 基本条款condition clause 基本工业primary industry 基本设施infrastructure 基本价格base price 基本信用证 overriding credit,第一节 日常用语翻译,基本工资basic wage 基本数据 benchmark data 基本利益 fundamental interest 一次空气fresh/pr

15、imary air 一次付清 pay in full,第一节 日常用语翻译,一次性杯子sanitary cup 一次消费one-time-consumption 一次偿还信贷 non-installment 一次性筷子disposable chopsticks 一次性收入lump-sum payment 一次用包装non-returnable container 一次用相机single-use camera,第一节 日常用语翻译,在英汉互译中，有时会遇到某些词在词典上难以找到贴切具体上下文词义，如生搬硬套，译文往往语意不清，甚至导致误解。在这种情况下，需要根据上下文和逻辑关系，从该词固有基本含

16、义出发，进一步加以引伸。 We have an interest for your athletic goods. To cover our shipment, we would request you to establish a commercial letter of credit in our favor for the contracted amount through an American Bank.,第一节 日常用语翻译,We enclose a list showing our present availabilities. The arrivals do not confo

17、rm to the sample. You must have shipped the wrong parcel. It is one of the most useful of the household conveniences. We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street. Oil prices came tumbling down, brightening the outlook for inflation and helping to touch off a rally on Wall Stree

18、t.,第一节 日常用语翻译,半路出家 to switch to a job is not trained for 吃力不讨好to do a thankless job 审议examine and approve 脱胎换骨to turn on a new leaf 开拓进取 to work with a pioneering spirit 假冒伪劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities,第一节 日常用语翻译,落实到人 to be carried out down to individuals 廉洁自律 to encourage officials to be h

19、onest and disciplined 扫黄 the campaign against pornography; to fight against pornography 调动积极性 to arouse the enthusiasm of 树立市场观念, 增强竞争意识 to increase awareness concerning the market and competitiveness,第一节 日常用语翻译,捡了芝麻丢了西瓜 to concentrate on minor matters to the neglect of major ones 企业形象 the reputatio

20、n of an enterprise 旧瓶装新酒 new wine in old bottles 七八成新 almost new 说俏皮话to make witty remarks 说三道四 to make carping comments 棋逢对手, 将逢良才Diamond cut diamond,第一节 日常用语翻译,人怕出名猪怕壮Great honors are great burdens. 覆水难收 Things done cant be undone. / It is no use crying over split milk. 醉翁之意不在酒 Many kiss the baby

21、for the nurses sake. 谋事在人, 成事在天 Man propose, God dispose. 锦上添花 It is like gilding the lily.,第一节 日常用语翻译,顺其自然 Let Nature take care of it. 一回生, 二回熟 First time strangers, second time friends. 唇亡齿寒 When the lips are lost, the teeth will suffer. 厨师多了烧坏汤/人多碍事Too many cooks spoil the broth. 冰冻三尺, 非一日之寒 Rome

22、 was not built in a day. 吃一堑, 长一智 A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.,第一节 日常用语翻译,忠言逆耳利于行Unpleasant advice is a good medicine. 家丑不可外扬 Wash your dirty linen at home 鹤蚌相争, 渔翁得利 Two dogs strive for a bone, and a third runs away with it. 识时务者为俊杰 Whosoever understands the times is a great man. 宁为鸡口,

23、毋为牛后 Better to be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse,第一节 日常用语翻译,束紧腰带 to tighten ones belt 放某人鸽子stand someone up 应酬to participate in social activities 小小意思, 不成敬意 This is my token of appreciation. 请多关照 I would appreciate your support / care in the future. 萝卜白菜, 各有所爱 There is no accounting for

24、 tastes. / The taste differs.,第一节 日常用语翻译,欲擒故纵 play hard-to-get / play tough-to-get 藕断丝连 Have not cut off relations completely 他话里有话。He means more than what he says. 好歹试试看sink or swim,第一节 日常用语翻译,正中下怀after ones own heart 扫兴的人或事物a skeleton at the feast 家徒四壁to be as poor as Job 别有用心have an axe to grind

25、不伦不类neither fish nor fowl 一视同仁no respecters of persons 一饱眼福feast ones eyes on sth,第一节 日常用语翻译,想方设法, 千方百计move heaven and earth 胸有成竹 to have a well-thought-out plan before doing sth. / to have a card up ones sleeve 体会言外之意 read between the lines 放下架子get off ones high horse / pocket ones dignity 雷声大雨点小mu

26、ch cry and little wool / Much thunder, litter rain. 偷鸡不成反蚀把米 go for wool and come home shorn,第一节 日常用语翻译,一朝被蛇咬, 十年怕草绳。The scalded dog fears cold water. 欲加之罪, 何患无词? Give a dog a bad name and hang him. 朽木不可雕。You cant teach an old dog new tricks. 论功行赏。A good dog deserves a good bone. 早饭吃饱, 中饭吃好, 晚饭吃少。 A

27、t breakfast, eat like a king. At lunch, eat like a prince. At supper, eat like a pauper. 感情深, 一口闷; 感情浅, 舔一舔。If we are great friends, we should drink it all in one mouthful. If we are on speaking / nodding terms, we can just sip it.,第一节 日常用语翻译,此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by conspicuous

28、ly protecting his innocence. 白手起家build up from nothing 包罗万象all-embracing / all-inclusive 兵不厌诈In war nothing is too deceitful. 触类旁通comprehend by analogy,第一节 日常用语翻译,不言而喻 It goes without saying that 大器晚成Great minds mature slowly./ Late fruit keeps well. 德才兼备have both ability and moral integrity 东施效颦 bl

29、ind imitation with ludicrous effect 恩将仇报bite the hand that feeds one,第一节 日常用语翻译,风牛马不相及 be totally unrelated 风雨无阻 in all weathers / rain or shine 逢场作戏join in the fun on occasion 出口成章have an outstanding eloquence 半途而废give up halfway,第一节 日常用语翻译,不要惹事生非 let the sleeping dog lie It never rains but it pour

30、s. 不鸣则已, 一鸣惊人. 别把问题复杂化 Dont cloud the issue Much will have more. 得寸进尺 Accidents will happen. 天有不测风云 The sauce is better than the fish. 喧宾夺主 No vice goes alone. / Misfortune never comes alone.祸不单行,第一节 日常用语翻译,All rivers run into the sea. 殊途同归 All your swans are geese. 事与愿违 peace on the forehead and wa

31、r in the mind口蜜腹剑 A bad conscience is a snake in ones heart. 做贼心虚 penny wise and pound foolish因小失大 a matter of life or death生死攸关 a rising star后起之秀,第一节 日常用语翻译,Business is business. 公事公办 In time of peace prepare for war. 居安思危 The tongue cuts the throat. 祸从口出 Beat the dog before the lion杀鸡儆猴 He knows m

32、ost who speaks least. 大智若愚,第一节 日常用语翻译,Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 顺其自然 Empty vessels make the great sound. 满瓶不响, 半瓶叮当 A miss is as good as a mile. 差错再小也是差错 Bad workmen quarrel with their tools. 拙匠常怨工具差,第一节 日常用语翻译,Say turkey to one and buzzard to another. 厚此薄彼 stand on the thresh

33、old of a distinguished career前程似锦 Desperate diseases must have desperate cures. 重病需下猛药 Fools haste is no speed. 欲速则不达 Pigs might fly. 无奇不有,第一节 日常用语翻译,Dont cross the bridge until you come to it. 船到桥头自然直 The shepherd would rather lose the wool than the sheep. 留得青山在, 不怕没柴烧 A leopard cannot change its s

34、pots. 江山易改, 本性难移 A watched pot never boils. 心急吃不了热豆腐 Save your breath to cool your porridge. 各人自扫门前雪, 莫管他人瓦上霜,第一节 日常用语翻译,Stick together through thick and thin. 有福同享, 有祸同当 Danger is next neighbour to security. 塞翁失马, 焉知非福 Short pleasure, long lament. 一失足成千古恨 The pot calls the kettle black. 五十步笑百步,第一节

35、日常用语翻译,The tailor makes the man. 人靠衣裳, 马靠鞍 One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 一个人的事尽力干, 两个人的事讲平均, 三个人的事无人问 Many heads are better than one. 一人不及众人计 The rotten apple injures its neighbours.一只烂, 一筐烂 A word spoken is past recalling. 一言既出, 驷马难追,第一节 日常用语翻译,A new broom sweeps clean.

36、新官上任三把火 Once bit, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬, 十年怕井绳 Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚, 人以群分 In for a penny, in for a pound. 一不做, 二不休 All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill有情人终成眷属 Friends must part. 天下无不散之宴席,第一节 日常用语翻译,The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future. 前事不忘, 后事之师 Out of office, o

37、ut of danger. 无官一身轻 Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水 Health is better than wealth. 家有万贯财, 不如一身健 A young idler, an old begger. 少壮不努力, 老大徒伤悲 Men may meet but mountains never. 山和山无法碰头, 人和人总会相逢,第一节 日常用语翻译,Old friends and old wine are best. 陈酒味醇, 老友情深 Grasp all, lose all. 样样都要, 全数失掉 Good wine needs no b

38、ush. 酒好客自来 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林, 不如一鸟在手,第一节 日常用语翻译,He cries wine and sells vinegar. 挂羊头, 卖狗肉 The same knife cuts bread and fingers. 水能载舟, 亦能覆舟 A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan. 燕雀安知鸿鹄之志 The pupils outdo the master. 青出于蓝而胜于蓝。 There are plenty of fish in

39、the sea. 天涯何处无芳草,第一节 日常用语翻译,It is better to die than to live when life is a disgrace. 宁可玉碎, 不为瓦全 Rest breeds rust. 生命在于运动 Names are debts. 树大招风 A clear conscience is a sure card / a soft pillow. 为人不做亏心事, 半夜不怕鬼敲门,第一节 日常用语翻译,He takes a spear to kill a fly. 杀鸡用牛刀 Gifts blind the eyes. 拿了手短, 吃了嘴软 Justic

40、e has long arms. 天网恢恢, 疏而不漏 Dogs bite in every country. 天下乌鸦一般黑 Everybodys business is nobodys business. 三个和尚无水吃 The moon is not seen when the sun shines. 小巫见大巫,第一节 日常用语翻译,Better an open enemy than a false friend. 明枪易躲, 暗箭难防 Do one thing under cover of another. 明修栈道, 暗度陈仓 A straight foot is not afra

41、id of a crooked shoe. 身正不怕影儿斜 Judge not a book by its cover. 人不可貌相 Take things as they come. 既来之, 则安之 Kill the goose that lays the golden egg. 杀鸡取卵,第一节 日常用语翻译,Birds ready cooked do not fly into your mouth. 切勿坐享其成 Fish begins to stink at the head. 上梁不正下梁歪 A good name is better than gold. 千金难买好名声 Alls

42、 fish that comes to his net. 来者不拒 One shoe will not fit all feet. 一人难称百人心,第一节 日常用语翻译,You cannot burn the candle at both ends. 不应过分消耗精力 True happiness is in a contented mind. 知足者常乐 Its easy to fetch water when a river is near. 近水楼台先得月 The course of true love never did run smooth. 好事多磨 Keep something for a